Download Chapter 7 Invertebrates: Review Sheet Domain Eukarya

Chapter 7 Invertebrates: Review Sheet
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Domain Eukarya-cells have a nucleus
Kingdom Animalia- ~3 million species of Animals
o multicellular organisms
o 97% Invertebrates = no backbone, most are Marine
o 3% Vertebrates = fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals
o heterotrophs = must eat other organisms to obtain energy
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Know symmetry of each phyla
Know level of organization of each phyla
Porifera = “ pore bearing”
 Ex: sponges
 Asymmetrical
 Structurally simplest animal
 Cellular level of organization
 Sessile=
 Suspension feeders =
o Filter feeders=
o What do sponges Eat?
 Pathway of water through sponge
 Sponge Anatomy: structure and function, label a diagram
o Spicules
ostia,
o Osculum
porocytes
o Pinacocytes
osculum
o Choanocytes
amebocytes
 Asexual reproduction and Sexual reproduction
o Budding =
o Gametes =
o Sexual reprod-How?
 Hermaphrodites
 Spongin are the fibers that remain after sponge death
Cnidaria = comes Greek from Knide = “ nettle”
 Ex: coral, hydra, jellyfish, anemone, sea pansies, sea fans
 Radial symmetry
 Tissue organization, no organs
 The cells containing stinging structure = cnidocytes
o Nematocysts= the stinging structure--- for prey capture
 Aboral and Oral surfaces
 One gut opening
 Central mouth surrounded by tentacles
o Label a Medusa or Polyp: Tentacles, Mouth, Oral, Aboral, Mouth/Anus, Gatrovascular Cavity
 2 body plans, Medusa and Polyp
 Carnivores
4 classes of Cnidaria
1) Hydrozoa
a. Asexual and Sexual reproduction--b. Feathery or bushy colonies of tiny polyps
c. Polyps specialized for feeding, reproduction, defense
2) Scyphozoa
a. LARGE jellyfish
b. Large medusa dominates life cycle
c. Stings range
3) Anthozoa
a. Most of Cnidaria are Anthozoa
b. Corals, anemones, sea fans, sea pansies
c. ONLY polyp stage
d. Corals – calcium carbonate skeletons form coral reefs
i. Symbiotic zooxanthelle, provide oxygen
e. Clownfish and Anemone relationship
4) Cubozoa, ex: box jelly or sea wasp, highly toxic, deadly
Ctenophore
 Ex: Comb Jellies
 Less than 100 species
 Radial symmetry
 8 rows of ciliary combs, that beat in waves
Annelida = “ringed” Know notes and the Annelida coloring sheet, underlined and starred info.
 Ex: polychaete worms, earthworm, leech,
 Bilateral symmetry
 Closed circulatory system
 Organ organization
 Segmented bodies
 Parapodia =
 Setea =
 Proboscis, jaws (See coloring page)
 Live in rocky intertidal zone, burrow in mud and sand flats
 Tube worm feeding
 Label a drawing with Jaw, body segment, parapodium, setae
Mollusca = “soft- bodied”
 Ex: conch, clams, oysters, squid, octopus, nudibranch, chiton
 Unsegmented body, bilateral symmetry
 Internal or external shell (usually)
 2nd largest phylum
 Show cephalization – sensory organs towards one end of body, “head” formation
 Body plan
o Foot-muscular, used for crawling, burrowing, capturing prey
o Mantle- thin layer of tissue that covers most of the body, may or may not produce a shell
o Shell-hard, made by mantle that secretes calcium carbonate
 Radula=
 Feeding and filter feeding how?
 Sexual reproduction, external mostly
 Gills
 Siphon
 Open or closed circulatory system
 Ecosystem and Human Importance
3 classes:
1) Gastropoda
a. Snails, slugs, nudibranchs, conchs, limpets, abalone
b. Most varied of all Molluscs
c. Single shell
d. “stomach footed”
e. Have radula
f. Foot secretes mucus, helps in movement
g. Nudibranchs
i. Marine slug
ii. Lack shell
iii. Exposed feathery gills
iv. Can be toxic-retain undigested nematocysts from Cnidaria it eats.
2) Bivalvia
a. Clams, oysters, scallops, mussels
b. Two part, hinged-shell
c. No head or radula
d. Filter feeders
e. Sessile, sedentary
f. Shell secreted by mantle
g. Umbo = oldest, raised part of shell
h. Have incurrent and excurrent siphon that circulates water over the gills to remove food and
oxygen
3) Cephalopoda
a. Squid, octopus, nautilus, cuttlefish
b. Most intelligent mollusk
c. Well developed head-centralized brain
d. Active, free swimming predators
e. Foot divided into tentacle with suckers
f. Feed with radula and beak
g. Closed circulatory system
h. Highly developed nervous system
i. Sexual reproduction
j. Squid
i. Know slide about them, ink, chromatophores, pen, 8 arms 2 tentacles
k. Octopus-8 tentacles, female dies after tending eggs, ambush predators
Review Shape of Life video notes
Review coloring sheets, pay attention to STARRED and UNDERLINED parts
Review Lecture Notes
Multiple choice
Matching
Fill in the Blank
Label diagrams of Sponge, Polyp, Medusa, Annelida, Squid
Short Answer/Free Response