Download ICS Training - Cancer Overview

Integrated Cancer Screening
Education Modules
What is Cancer?
 A disease that starts in the
cells
 Genes inside cells order
growth, work, reproduction
and death
What is Cancer?
 Normally, cells obey
orders and remain
healthy
 Sometimes
instructions fail and
cells form cancer
Tumors Can Be:
 Benign (non-cancer)
Benign tumor cells stay in one place in the body
and are not usually life-threatening
 Malignant (cancer)
Malignant tumor cells are able to invade nearby
tissues and spread to other parts of the body.
Cancer cells that spread to other parts of the body
are called metastases
Symptoms
 Cancer often has no specific symptoms
 It is important that people limit their risk factors and
undergo appropriate cancer screening
Some Facts…
Every day, over
500 Canadians are
diagnosed with
cancer
200 die from this
disease
Risk Population
 Sexually active women 21 – 69
years old
 Women older than 50 years old
 Men older than 50 years old
 Family history of cancer
Risk Population
 Low income communities
 Low literacy communities
 Aboriginal communities
 Immigrant communities
MNICSP - June 2014
Canadian Cancer Statistics 2012
MNICSP - June 2014
MNICSP - June 2014
MNICSP - June 2014
70
Percentage
60
50
57.4
40
34.92
30
29
20
25.8
10
0
0-9
10-19
20 - more
Non immigrant
Years since immigration
Statistics Canada, 2009, "An update on mammography use in Canada", Health Reports, Vol. 20, No. 3, catalogue number 82-003-X.
MNICSP - June 2014
Percentage not reporting mammogram in past two
years, by years since immigration, female household
population aged 50 to 69, Canada, 2008
MNICSP - June 2014
45
Percentage
40
42.8
35
30
39.9
32.2
25
20
22.2
15
10
5
0
0-9
10 - 19
20 or more
Non immigrant
Years since immigration
Statistics Canada, 2009, "Colorectal cancer testing in Canada–2008", Health Reports, Vol. 20, No. 3, catalogue number 82-003-X.
MNICSP - June 2014
Percentage reporting having fecal occult blood test
in past two years or colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy
in past five years, by years since immigration,
household population aged 50 or older, Canada,
2008
Cancer Risk Factors
A cancer risk factor is anything that increases
your chance of getting cancer
There are two kinds of risk factors:
1. Things we cannot change
2. Things we can change
Risk Factors You Cannot Change
Gender
Age
Family
Risk Factors You Can Change
Diet
Cancer
Screening
Physical
Activity
Alcohol
Obesity
Smoking
MNICSP - June 2014
What is Cancer Screening?
A test,
An examination or
A procedure
That is performed regularly over time for a
specific population that is at increased risk due
to gender, age, family history and/or behavior.
Purpose of Screening
 to prevent cancer by identifying precancerous changes
 to find cancer at an early stage potentially
before it can spread, when it is easier to
treat, and survival rates are better
Ontario Cancer Statistics 2013
New Cases
Deaths
Breast cancer
8,577
1903
Cervical cancer
588
160
7,840 (Total)
4,204 (M)
3,636 (F)
3,130 (Total)
1,671 (M)
1,459 (F)
Colorectal cancer
Potential Benefits for Screening
 Reduced mortality and morbidity from the disease,
and in some cases reduced incidence
 More treatment options and better chance of survival
when cancer is diagnosed early or at a pre-malignant
stage
 Improved quality of life
 Peace of mind
Effectiveness of the Screening
Questions?