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BLUMEA
28
311-328
(1983)
The Winteraceae of the Old World IV.
The Australian species of Bubbia
W. Vink
Rijksherbarium, Leiden,
The Netherlands
Summary
The
and
Australian
There
acters.
a new
B.
species
of Bubbia
species
three
are
species.
are revised.
Bubbia
queenslandiana with
The
whiteana
two
is
leaf anatomy provides good diagnostic chargiven
subspecies
varietal
rank
under
B.
semecarpoides,
is described.
Introduction
In
1869 Von
of Drimys
which
accommodated
were
in 1900. The second Australian
Tieghem
Mueller in
The
Mueller described from Lord Howe
species
In
Drimys.
latter is
presently
species
1943 A.C. Smith added
reduced
to
in
was
a
Island the first
the
in
1891 also
third Australian
varietal rank, but
a new
of
one
genus Bubbia
new
described
a
group
by
Van
by
Von
of Bubbia.
species
species from Queensland is
described.
Although
thought
of the genus
expectedly
provided
material of the Queensland species is
flowering
of interest
as
a
to
publish
revision of the Australian
a
very
scarce,
species pending
characters,
Bubbia these characters
are
like
less
the
in
it
was
the revision
whole, because the differentiationin leaf anatomy proved
diagnostic. Especially
useful
still
to
be
un-
distribution of sclerified cells in the leaf lamina
Zygogynum;
in
the
New
Caledonian
species
of
specific.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Thanks
MEL,
P.
are
NSW,
Baas
kindly
drawing
valuable
of
due to
RSA,
assisted
fig.
hints
on
3
the
and
and
S
in
Directors
for loan
the
preparation
assistance
nomenclature.
of the
Herbaria
of material
in
the
of
and
the
at
of
A, B, BM, BO, BRI, CANB, FI, GH, K, L,
QRS
for
photographs.
preparation
of the
providing duplicate
Mr.
J.
van
diagrams.
Dr.
material.
Os is thanked
R. D.
for
Hoogland
Dr.
the
gave
BLUMEA
312
VOL.
-
28,
No.
1983
2,
BUBBIA
Bubbia
Blumea
21
Arn.
Shrubs
trees;
the leaves.
Bot.
24
14
Bubbia
-
Australian
on
Diploclada
of vegetative twigs
Elongation
width
at
usually
or
both alveolar and waxy
by
0—14 florescences in the axils
1—23-flowered,
cences
florescences
4—14,
to
on
ventral
with
ventrally
6—22
with
Type
species:
of the
axis
in
the
broad,
in
one
of
all
a
only,
or
Fruitlets
with
apex
pulpa
oc-
terminal florescence and
Flores-
more-flowered
Calyx
rupturing; thin, persistent.
at
an
angle
continuous
slightly
of
flat-
75°—180°
apex of
over
sta-
Carpels 1—8, free; stigma sessile, elongated,
sometimes
of
carpel; placentas
seemingly
not
in
completely
more
2, parallel,
than
separating
cells
dull, epidermis
slightly curved,
or
with their slits
tetrads.
pinni-
without white
bisexual, pedicellate.
soon
spiral
white,
stomata
anthotelic,
axes
dichasia. Flowers
convex
or
same
closely aggregate, fugacious cataphylls.
rarely,
to,
tetrahydral
ovules
carpel.
per
straight
-
flowering sympodial.
On lower leaf surface
young stages
very
after
rarely laterally widened; thecae apical
in
grains
side
(1935) 1073;
1—3-seriate. Stamens 8—32; filaments obovoid and
free,
rod-shaped,
Pollen
men.
in
other, well-separated
each
to
all
294.
o.c.
6
(1964) 61; Bongers,
above the middle of the blade, entire,
flowering centrifugally,
bud
calyptrate, enclosing
tened
Diet.
1
cataphylls
monopodial,
terminal, composed
of the
approaching (compound)
Petals
Pi.
material; unspecialised cells with
layer. Inflorescences
grey waxy
Tieghem,
Terminal buds with
nerved; veins reticulate but often obscure.
to
van
Fl.
only)
taxa
entirely glabrous.
Leaves with greatest
cluded
Gen.
141; Hutchinson,
sect.
293; Lemcc,
278,
(1900) 277,
(1943)
(F. Muell.) van Tieghem.
based
or
de
Arb.
388.
(1973)
howeana
(Description
as
J.
Smith,
Bubbia
Journ.
Tieghem,
van
A.C.
one
the
row;
apicalovules
seeds; seeds
with internal
apical
con-
striction.
Distribution.
1
species
on
Bubbia
occurs
Lord Howe I. and 2
from the Moluccas
species
in NE.
to
New Caledonia; in Australia
Queensland.
NOTES ON MORPHOLOGY
Inflorescences.
of the
twig
cataphylls
nal and
closely
be up
-
In Bubbia the inflorescence
sympodial,
from
a
(fig.
bud
vegetative
1)
is terminal and
in the
axil of
one
elongation
of the lower
of the inflorescence. The inflorescence consists of florescences,
the
others
—
if present
—
inserted
in
the axils of the
one
10 cataphylls with empty axils
axes
(peduncles,
pedunculate;
the
pedicels)
pedicel
are
or
with
a
vegetative
subtended
bud. Within
a
there
usually
can
florescence
by fugacious bract(eole)s.
of their terminal flower is
termi-
fugacious cataphylls
aggregate around the terminal florescence. Below the florescences
to
all lateral
are
is thus
Triads
shorter than those of
their lateral flowers.
In the Australian
na:
the other
species
extreme
ana, where often
a
the
most
is found in B.
solitary
flower is
elaborate inflorescences
queenslandiana
representing
a
are
found in B. howea-
and B. semecarpoiaes
florescence.
var.
white-
W.
Fig.
1. An inflorescence
leaves
symbols:
9—13
vegetative bud,
b.
Terminal
inserted
sertion
1.
petal indicated;
the
flower
T
and
of three
circles
with
terminal
bracts
other
cross:
the inflorescences of Bubbia
even
four
within
one
decrease
plant,
in
to
triads.
there
size
triads decussate in
highest (median)
eventually
w—z
1111). — a.
florescence
in
one
flowers;
&
tier
7
on
hatched:
diagram; straight
8
empty axils,
with
circles:
florescences;
old
General
twig (6
on
bracts
top
open
on
of its
axis,
flowers;
with
its axis.
in
bract
-
v
buds in-
scars. — d. Florescence,
½
Florescences
e.g.
terminal
T:
½.
Although
ferences
(van Balgooy
subtending florescences);
313
species ofBubbia
cataphylls (bracts)
symbols:
lower. — c. Diagrams
of outer
x
The Australian
of Bubbia howeana
curved
florescence;
much
schematic,
(1—4);
Vink:
can
are
rather flexible in construction, with dif-
be found
acropetally (fig.
one
tier around
pair of triads (the
some
1
c)
tendencies:
from
compound
the terminal
adaxial
one
dichasia with
flower, through
first)
to
loss of
small dichasia and
BLUMEA
314
2.
Fig.
numbered
Bubbia
howeana.
according
to
—
12½.
-
d.
Schematic
Fruitlet,
section
dermal
2.
cells
The
(x
12½).
also
—
g.
with, spirally
3.
just
of the
can
higher
arranged
tends
orders
to
or
arrangement
Halved
be similar
and
from
be
with
seeds
van
not
in
this
crowded
of
one
specimen 11 — 14 petals),
touch. — b.
not
by
3).
one
ones, or
to
-
e.
from
Two seeds
differences in
Balgooy llll; d—g:
similar
Stamens
ovules and wide slit to
half (x
caused
the lower
with its axis
often
1983
petals (in
do
surface
to
2,
of
ones
carpel
pusticulate
twig (but
below the terminal
Flowering
the
testa;
No.
28,
innermost
Embryo (x 25). — (a—c:
decreasing acropetally
ers
c.
VOL.
showing arrangement of
terminal florescence
elongation
an
12½. —
through
—
f.
Typical
apical overlap;
flower, apically glandular(x
(x
a.
-
Green
(fig.
1
length
one
stigma
(x 6).
of
epi-
1598).
a,
b)
behave
the other florescence
as
axes)
tier, the lateral partial florescences
dichasia, comparable
to
florescences,
to
solitary
flow-
one.
centrifugal
for flowers of the
in the lower florescences
same
irregularities
order, but especially in
are
common.
The Australian
W. Vink:
Calyx.
In Bubbia the
—
three
primordia
main
body
of the
the tiny
by
which
are
calyx
The
young stages
two
collections and
information
some
four
in
or,
the
cases
sepals
irregularly
always
whole
of
a
the
the
orientated
are
trend in
of
pair
the Australian
is
species only
'sepals'
perpendicular
have the
few
the
the bract
to
in
calyptra.
If
sepals.
As
perpendicular
on
the
In these
the flower
in Bubbia
the
pair of petals parallel
outer
observations
provided
of the lateral
one
to
early
an
(fig. 4a).
queenslandia-
subtending
the lateral flowers.
or
recognizable
still
already
collection
one
composing
inserted
usually
to
but
two
forms the
cylinder
mostly
are
calyptra,
terminal flower had three
petals
species
two
subtending
mentioned corroborates the
just
of the
position
triad is absent, the
outer
primordia
initiated with
is
This
herbarium material; of B.
in
scarce
very
it
cylinder.
into 'lobes' with withered margins
of each of the other
terminal flowers of triads,
flowers
usually
a
the terminal opening of the
are
on
by
of the
calyptra;the positions
lips closing
stage the calyptra is ruptured
na
calyptrate;
is
connected
soon
315
species of Bubbia (Winteraceaej
as
a
the
sepals,
the bracts
to
orientation of the
sepals
(fig. 4c).
Petals.
the
In
—
Australian
the Australian
species
of Bubbia
well
species
series of
outer
decussate pairs; if the
calyx
four
six) petals
(to
with each other
(fig. 2a),
Stamens.
Some
and B.
these
living
so
Floral
were
—
apex.
already
well
Rarely
like in
stamens
lateral
or
widenings
In
are
in
tion of the
carpels,
Apparently
the presence of such
in the other
of
vestigial
petals
to
vestigial
(fig. 5).
adjoining
ar-
more
and
was
not
a
used
was
howeana
In herbarium
true
up
and/or
form.
the
semecarpoides
floral apex
floral apex is
two
be
ones
stamens
determine their
of B.
specimen
of
can
is found. If
petals
non-
Exospermum
consists
specimens of B.
some
flattened between
distinct
a
a
outer
widened filaments
a
petals
some
arrangement.
the entire floral apex
one
and
alternate with the lower
material is needed
young buds of
two
developed;
of
the
sepals,
stamen
flowers
some
(uni-)laterally
all free; in
Zygogynum
series of five
ones
forms of
are
outer series
of three
one outer
simple
of
the
petals
of
species
higher
the
liquid-preserved
—
in
composed
occur,
have
semecarpoides
specimens
petals,
is
of Bubbia the
as
Usually
connate.
in series of three each.
ranged
than
is
petals
as
carpels
in the forma-
present (fig. 5e).
fixed character.
DIFFERENCE WITH OTHER WINTERACEAE
The Winteraceae
species
of
Drimys
303—351. As far
Bubbia :
After
closing
are
sect.
as
flowerparts
straight
sect.
—
three
taxa
are
in very
or
concerned,
(staminate
on
the
of Bubbia and five
sympodially.
early stages only,
slightly
curved.
—
Flowers bisexual.
soon
Pedicels
Calyx
en-
rupturing; persistent under
usually
inserted
on
distinct
Lord Howe I., NE. Queensland.
flowers
twig.
species
the main differences are:
Tasmannia: After flowering twig elongating
untill anthesis, then
directly
by
Tasmannia;
; the latter have been treated in Blumea 18 (1970)
the Australian
inflorescence-axes.
cious
in Australia
flowering twig elongating
other
fruit. Seed-axis
Drimys
represented
with
rupturing
—
sterile
and
carpels).
dropping.
NE. Queensland
to
Calyx
monopodially.
enclosing
Seed-axis curved.
Tasmania.
other
—
Plants dioe-
flowerparts
Pedicels inserted
BLUMEA
316
KEYS
On lower leaf surface
No.
28,
1983
2,
TO THE AUSTRALIAN
Based
a.
la.
VOL.
-
only
SPECIES
external characters
on
white
stomata
in white
grouped
stomata
or
b.
for
Except
patches.
1. B. howeana
Lord Howe 1
and
margin
midrib
the
whole
lower leaf surface white
(to
grey).
2
Queensland
2a.
Dry
b.
Dry
leaf surfaces
rough
the touch
to
by
numerous
minute
bumps. (Stamens
3. B.
32)
(Stamens
leaf surfaces smooth.
b. Based
la.
leaf anatomy
on
part of cells between
over
with distinct
Mesophyll
semecarpoides
queenslandiana
2. B.
without noticeable sclerification. Alveolar material
Mesophyll
sometimes also
b.
8 —13)
14—
over
stomata
only,
1. B. howeana
stomata
sclerification. Alveolar material also
cells between
over
2
stomata
2a.
and in clusters, but
Brachysclereids solitary
united into
not
layers
3. B.
b.
Adaxial
1
subepidermal layer strongly sclerified, continuous,
2
or
2. B.
1. Bubbia howeana
B.
howeana
(F.
Nachtr.
Arb.
24
photo.
27
Drimys
Shrub
ex
note
on
slender
0.6— 2(—3)
base. Blade
F.
an
angle
of
stomata
below
Moore 23
Bot.
to
m
high,
rather
45°—70°
white,
7
7.
(1900) 293; Pilger
62
in
(1937) 84;
of Lord
Survey
(1869) 17; Parmentier,
E.
&
A.C.
Howe
Bull.
P.,
Nat.
Smith,
Island
J.
Pfl.,
Am.
(1974) 22,
Sc. France &
Belg.
(MEL5610).
(1875) 76,
nomen.
I.e.
(1900) 293; Pilger,
with
Type:
-
relatively
to
stout
narrowly
(linear-)oblanceolate,
midrib
to
the
narrow
to
to
prob.
MEL
5604
erect
branches.
to
triangular;
thin
and
florescences
5—27
obtuse,
by
1—8.5
x
nerves
at
base
descending
cm,
on
to
chartaceous
narrowly
these
cuneate,
to
raised,
almost indistinct
at
on
either side. On lower leaf surface
cells grey and
Inflorescences
2—9,
leaf
the middle of the blade
prominulous
unspecialised
white islets.
winged
wrinkled. Petioles
rather broad, above almost flat
inconspicuous
sometimes part of
florescence;
to
midrib,
prominulous
trunk and with
dry epidermis longitudinally
triangular below,
to
irregular greyish
lowest
9
14
stout;
groove, below rounded
into
Environmental
Clark,
C.
14
Soc. N.S.W.
smooth, apex (broadly) rounded
either side; veins
stomata
de Bot.
Linn.
1, 2, 6,
Fig.
—
queenslandiana
Typification.
descending along petiole;
a
Journ.
Proc.
Muell., Fragm.
obovate-oblong
coriaceous,
often with
Tieghem.
Muell., Fragm.
Journ. de
rounded
cm,
&
F.
Type:
-
treelet 2—6
or
Branchlets
to
307.
Tieghem,
van
see
Recher
howeana
insularis Baill.
muelleri
(MEL),
109; Vickery,
(1943) 141;
—
van
Muell.) van Tieghem,
(1908)
(1895) 230,
Drimys
B.
3
(F. Muell.)
semecarpoides
cells thick
4—12
with
cm
combining
(1 —)3 —
groups of
10 bract
scars
long, 3—23-flowered,
W. Vink:
with
inserted
pedicels
tured, irregularly
ovate, 6.5—12
to
oblanceolate, 7—11.5
(3.5—)4-6
x
apex of
1.5—2
x
mm;
1
x
13
to
up
1.8
—
5
3
x
2.5
mm,
cle,
plugs
0—6
(sensu
casionally {van Balgooy
rounded
not
by
to
mesophyll; globose
throughout
Field
Bark
notes.
straight
to
slightly
Adaxial
23-42
epidermis
cell wall
wall.
to
up
curved.
/am; adaxial
1.5—5 /am. Abaxial
only
cell
underlying
in abaxial
wall
epider-
stomata,
over
1-3 pun.
oil cells 40-45
jurn
with external
epidermis,
(45—)60—75
dark
1 —2
pun
(—3)
opening,
cells. Palisade
long rare
/jm
diam.
in
Stomatal
in cliam.
to
oc-
sur-
parenchyma
slightly birefringent especially
at most
absent. Druses 5— 12 /jm in diam.
to
of fruit
layer
cells and there 0.2—0.5 of thickness of cuti-
rod-shaped crystals
reddish
indistinct;
slightly pusticulate,
distinctly radiating unspecialised
lamina. Oil cells
obovoid,
to
or
to
epidermis. Epidermal
Brachysclereids
13—22, often
distinct
middle
in
continu-
these 2—3
smooth
underlying
cell walls of mesophyll
axial part of lamina.
in
less
more or
differentiated;
axis
and
mm
dense
almost
1973),
1063, 1064)
(wing-like)
never
obliquely ellipsoid
5—7
1.5—4.5 /am, alveolar material
Bongers,
below surface of
pun
rather
part of unspecialised
over
homogeneous
/am,
cuticle
slits
other,
10-30,
Stamens
somewhat
apex; ovules
carpel
elliptic
obovate
these the narrowest,
mm.
apex
each
and
8—14, usually
Petals
usually longest,
2—3.5
Fruitlets
stigma
mm,
greyish black;
(2-)4-10
abaxial
jam;
sometimes also
to
of
length
row.
axes
shortest and broadest,
near
to
order; all
wide; shallowly rup-
densely glandular. Carpels 3—6,
Lamina 220—310 /am.
cuticle rather smooth,
10-30
0—1
subreniform,
to
brownish
Leaf anatomy.
mis
stipe
than one
2nd
mm
high.
mm
x
sometimes
0.6—0.8 of
more
mm,
obovoid
5—17,
x
in
317
petals present
more
7—11.5
of 75°—155°
thin-walled, in clusters,
brachysclereids
Seeds
8
x
if
mm;
angle
an
stigma
mm;
seemingly
10
x
at
or
of second series
-spathulate,
to
between thecae often
stamen
crowded and
1st
petals usually
filaments inflated,
widened; thecae apically
ous,
branches
on
petals
mm;
2—4(—5)
x
obovate-oblong
1.5—2.8
or
long. Calyx 1-1.5(-2)
outer
brachysclereids;
to
or
mm
Bubbia
species of
into 2-4 lobes. Torus 1 —1.5 (—2)
or
without
rounded,
length
main axis
on
smooth. Pedicels 3—10
pedicels
oblong
The Australian
in ab-
(very) frequent
rathercommon
(very) frequent
in
mesophyll.
Leaves
greyish brown, finely flaking.
glossy
above, glaucous below. Flowerbuds tinged with reddish brown. Petals white. Stamens
yellow
white,
or
pulpa
LORD
HOWE I.
Camara
(MEL),
s.n.
(A, K).
Hale
RSA).
F.
8
(BM,
6
King
Lord Howe
Material
Balgooy
Van
(MEL),
BRI,
18
and anthers
white.
creamy
through
green
brown and
Island: Goat House
MEL,
43
1898
F.
34
(L),
&
Dunn
1064*
(MEL).
P). Fullager
(NSW).
(MEL).
1063*
(MEL),
(MEL). Hedley
s.n.,
(type) (MEL),
& Rodd 1849*
*
green
from
Carpels
dark
green,
purple
to
stigma
black;
(Cave),
Mt
Lidgbird,
Erskine Val-
Mt Gower.
(NSW).
23
ripening
green.
Distribution.
ley,
filaments
or
Fruitlets
purplish.
s.n.
Maiden
&
Lind
Sept.
s.n.,
von Mueller
Apr.
s.n.
(L),
1111
Darnell Smith
s.n.
(MEL).
1908*
1898
Boorman
(L).
s.n.
Oct.
P.S.
Green
(L, NSW).
(NSW).
1928
Johnston &
Rodd
dd.
82
Rodd
(NSW).
1858*
an
asterisk
was
used for the
description
of the
leaf
1352
C.
30
1598*
(L,
Moore
(L). Takhtajan
(L).
indicated with
17.5.1920
1594* (A, K),
McCornish
(BO, FI, L, MEL, P).
s.n.
(NSW). Fullager
anatomy.
318
-
BLUMEA
In
Ecology.
and fruits (often
lections
labels do
Many
strict
outside this
seen
sheet
is the
a
taining the
the
not
are
identical
second,
a
Notes.
give
leaves
or
name
are
blurred
the
means
Von
of the
sizes
of the
not
7.8
petals
flat,
Frutex
almost
but I have
wing-like
vel
arbuscula
cm,
x
reversed
no
in
mention the collector
matches the de-
specimen
c.
the
bag
published
This
is
con-
descrip-
one.
probably
sheet MEL
speci-
'acri-aromatica' and
as
some
aromatic
to
x
ad
costa
m
—
1.5
supra leviter
mm
nov.
Queensland,
an
4.2
7.5
illustration,
individual
of
-
x
some
It is
x
3.0
8.7
x
2.2
of the lower filaments in
possible
Fig. 3, 4, 6—8.
vel
costam
emarginatae,
inconspicui
vel
oblanceolatae,
strato
basi
albo
obtectae,
vel
cuneatae
gracillimi;
florescentiae 4—10, floribus
pusticulata,
Australia.
apicibus contigui. Carpella (1
usque
ad
11.5
x
usque ad 6
11.5
x
4
some
that in vivo this widen-
material available.
acutae
nervi
4.0
9.7x3.0
Laminae foliorum obovatae vel
glabri, laeves;
loculi
Carpidia
laevia vel
impressa;
as
for three
venae
x
x
9
3.5
mm,
mm.
inconspi-
x
2.3—5
vel) 2—5; stigmata brevia;
stipitibus
—
atte-
1—3(—6). Calyx
latus, in lobos 2-4 rumpens. Petala 4-8, discreta, 5.5—8
Stamina 8—13;
ovula 6—11.
x
8.5
widening
alta.
given
are
subcoriaceae, laeves, subtus praeter
Axes inflorescentiae
1
7.5
liquid-preserved
8
size in individual flowers
Therefore,
10.5x3.0
2.7
spec.
petal
taken.
mm):
4.4
apice late rotundatae ad obtusae rarius
4—9
not
of the labels refers
series
semecarpoides (fig. 5).
no
queenslandiana Vink,
1.5—5
x
tenuis,
tree
none
from each
8.2x2.9
petals
peculiar
2. Bubbia
mm.
the
measurements
petals
7.2
petals
flowers is shared with B.
cuae.
col-
Tieghem.
the differences in
general description
number of
inner
nuatae;
is
folded from the draft of the
'Hot-bark',
or
large
outer
5—16
trend
the collector is C. Moore and this
Mueller describes
'Peppertree'
the
by
middle
is
a
specimen only;
those of the
to
case
flowers from Takhtajan & Rodd 1849 (in
ing
no
bark.
In the above
The
such
the
a.
one
fruiting specimen.
number 43', in that
Although
the
on
flower is
analysed
sentences
based
was
is the type of Bubbia muelleri van
labels
flowers
mentioned by Von Mueller. Nevertheless, this
howeana because:
Drimys
Mueller described
labelled with
5604,
(23)
description
of the
remnants
tion of which whole
Von
number
of
holotype
scription exactly; b.
men
altitude; perhaps
The Melbourne sheet MEL 5610 does
Typification.
alt. Both
lower altitudes.
at
(C. Moore), but has
m
November, but
to
July
indicate the altitude. From the available data there appears
not
situations
in scrub, 80—860
period.
correlation between leaf size and
exposed
1983
2,
collected from
tree)
same
No.
28,
of forests and
undergrowth
from the
VOL.
0.6-1
Typus:
B.
mm.
Gray
Semina
484
(L),
W. Vink:
Fig.
3.
Bubbia
Shrub
wrinkled. Petioles
late,
5—16
rarely
x
acute
spicuous
white.
4—10,
to
the
cm,
midrib,
Inflorescences
these
1.5—5
base
below;
up
long,
of
margin ruptured
to
clusters,
8—13, length
each
mm;
other,
slits
mm,
not
at
the middle
scars
both
branches
to
x
fairly
—
an
slightly
angle
and
of
cells
unspecialised
axes
all inserted
and
pedicels
1—1.5
long. Calyx
high.
Petals 4—8,
on
mm
ovate
main
smooth.
or
wide,
ellip-
brachysclereids thin-walled, solitary
dense in central
or
lower part of
apically
Carpels (1 or) 2—5,
11. Fruitlets
at
either side; veins incon-
pedicels
all
mm
mm
filaments inflated; thecae
continuous.
stigma short; ovules 6
with
1st order;
flowers 21—31
mm;
stomata
obtuse,
below lowest florescence; florescences
Torus 0.5—0.7
2.3—5
on
oblanceoto
narrow,
of the blade
prominulous
to
rounded
broadly
apex
attenuate; midrib rather
thin and
solitary
5.5—8
very sparse
1—2
to
on
into 2—4 lobes.
oblong, rounded,
in small
319
below. Blade obovate
1—3(—6)-flowered,
Pedicels 3-13
long,
to
nerves
7 bract
to
rarely
tic
Bubbia
slender; dry epidermis longitudinally
triangular
On lower leaf surface
with
axis of florescence, very
mm
to
cuneate
indistinct
cm
Branchlets
high.
rounded
subcoriaceous, smooth,
rounded
either side.
on
m
cm,
emarginate,
impressed above,
50°—75°
2—8
1-4
1.5—5.5
or
species of
queenslandiana ssp. queenslandiana. Habit, x ½ ( Gray 484, type).
treelet
or
The Australian
globose,
up
at an
these
to
angle
1.5—2
11.5
x
x
petals.
of
90°—145°
1—2
11.5
x
and
Stamens
9
x
to
1.2—1.5
mm,
stipe
320
BLUMEA
Fig.
4. Bubbia
flowerbuds,
and
carpels
and
sizes
e.
g
h.
queenslandiana.
largest
from
also
Seeds
halved;
-
two
from
young
of stamens.
Carpel,
&
the
bud
d.
(x
Two
ovules
—
h:
a—e,
ssp.
No.
28,
12½).
c.
-
Irvine
The
from
stamens
to
1152;
same,
stigma
e:
of
1983
ssp.
calyptrate calyx
austrails.
(x
a.
6). — b.
Four
Stamens
semi-diagrammatic; irregular arrangement
flower,
one
d &
2,
queenslandiana; f & g:
sides, showing rupturing
crowded; slit
(x 6). — (a—c:
VOL.
-
rather
Gray
smallest
narrow
484 ; f &
one
also
apically (x
(x 12½). — f.
g: Johnson
12½).
Fruitlets (x
s.n.
;
h:
C.T.
-
3). —
White
10644).
0.6-1
mm,
stigma 2—4
mm
and
indistinct;
brachysclereids
thick-walled, solitary and in small clusters, rather dense (but
out
up
fruit wall outside vasculature. Seeds
to
6
x
4
x
3.5
mm,
Leaf anatomy.
cuticle
greyish black;
4—9, obovoid,
axis
3—7.5
gun,
to
thin-
to
rather
compact) throughslightly pusticulate,
straight.
Lamina 240-320 /am,
(rather) smooth,
smooth
rather
not
Adaxial
underlying
epidermis
17—25 gun; adaxial
cell wall 0.5—1.5
gun. Abaxial
epider-
W. Vink:
mis
13—21 pun; abaxial cuticle
over
cells and
guard
ly finely
2
or
widely spaced coarsely granular)
pm below surface
of
layers
walls
rather
sclereids
strongly
strongly
absent.
pliyll; globose
of
Oil cells
cells;
squarish
more
(almost) homogeneous
surface view dense-
35—65 fjm
1-2 jum. Stomatal
mesophyll
subepidermal
1-3 pun
to
in diam. very few
rather
in
meso-
common
rather many in
to
1
layer(s). Brachy-
to
rare
of
of cell
part
frequent
very
long
and
plugs
subepidermal layer consisting
diam. very few
ellipsoid crystals
cells
unspecialised
throughout
abaxial
in
so
pirn in
)5—15
or
Adaxial
epidermis.
sclerified,
rod-shaped
lamina.
throughout
321
over
cell wall
cuticle, underlying
sclerified
Druses (3—
to
Bubbia
pun, alveolar material
3—6(—8)
there 0.4-0.9 of thickness of
(0—)2—6
species of
subsidiary cells, irregularly heterogeneous (in
and
granular
The Australian
meso-
phyll.
Field
Flowers white
notes.
or
Rainforest
Ecology.
crophyll
15°50'
Note.
In B.
mixed
understorey;
thickets; 680—1300
mossy
semecarpoides
alt. Fl.:
m
of
nests
dry
of sclerified cells
results in smooth surfaces of the
southern
layer appeared
group;
further data
are
to
certainly
In the leaves 2
rather small,
on
dry
cause
a
(sometimes
in
a
in
northern and
a
number corroborate this
fied cells.
a.
ssp.
—
1
adaxial
leaf
1
locally
or
—
3)
adaxial
Petals
a
but
subepidermal layers
4
(always?)
7
8
or
or
5
of
(1-seriate)
queenslandiana
large, squarish, strongly
scleri-
ssp. australis
(2-seriate)
queenslandiana
Petals 4
or
5
(1-seriate).
1
(sometimes locally
gether
of rather
subepidermal layer
(always?)
Petals
division,
THE SUBSPECIES
sclerified cells.
squarish, strongly
In the leaves
on
subepidermal layer
ssp.
b.
surface
rugulose
leaves. Differences in this sub-
available specimens
petal
mi-
windswept
fr.: Aug.—Dec.
the continuous
species
red.
necessary.
KEY TO
a.
the
separate
the few data available
vine forest;
notophyll
April—June;
brachysclereids
leaves. In the present
bright
axes
17°25' SL.
to
both sides of the
epidermal
and florescence
pedicels
cream;
Distribution. NE. Queensland, from
45-60 pun
dermal
layer
(c.
or
—
Adaxial cuticle 3—4.5
of rather small,
3) layers
30 pun in
case
of
1
less sclerified than the inner
pm.
Under adaxial
thick; sometimes of these the
layer)
V.C.L.
QUEENSLAND.
(L).
Mt
650
(L).
Spurgeon,
Noah, Hyland
Mt
Misery,
C.T.
White
Tableland,
Webb &
10644*
Mt
Lewis,
S.F.R.
Irvine 1152*
(K, L),
Stocker 1153B*
143,
8295*
Tracy
(BRI).
North
T.R.
Mt Lewis
Mt
(L).
10818
B.
T.R.
Zarda
Gray
area, G.
Finnigan
Finnigan,
(K, L).
142,
Mary L.A.,
(L).
2
to-
subepi-
one.
Distribution. Between Cooktown and Cairns from Mt
Carbine
epidermis
sclerified cells
squarish, strongly
Webb
140,
&
Cow
Gillett
(type, L),
2607
(L).
Mt Lewis
10840
Tracy
L.A., Hyland
L.A., Platypus
484*
to
Creek
track,
Hyland
(K).
7970*
Irvine
6 735*
(L),
BLUMEA
322
b. ssp. australis Vink,
Differt
uniseriatis
subsp.
No.
28,
adaxiali
strato
foliari
subepidermal!
scleroideis unilateraliter et
plerumque
1983
2,
nov.
subspecie typica
a
VOL.
-
vel 8.
petalis7
cellulis
ex
majoribus
White
K.J.
Typus:
—
QF52/235 (BRI).
Petals 7
or
(2-seriate).
8
walls of these cells less
periclinal
Distribution.
QUEENSLAND.
Mt Bartle
Frere,
Thorne
Johnson
3. Bubbia
*
s.n.
Shrub
S.F.R.
area,
(RSA). Upper
(MEL).
see
tree
or
755,
Russell
Mt Bartle
under
20
to
up
longitudinally
the
Burtt.
to
and 20
high
m
flat
oblanceolate, 3—36
scabrous,
cuneate; midrib
inconspicuous
both
on
and
stomata
an
of 45°—65°
angle
either side;
veins
white.
with
inserted
main axis
2—3
Calyx
obovate, rounded
to
3—7
1.5—3
very
dense
mm;
rather dense. Stamens
ly wing-like
mm;
quely ellipsoid
mm
late,
layer
up
to
to
obovoid,
to
rather
truncate,
rather
in
or
x
3.5
x
3.5
apex of
up
15
to
mm,
R.,
of
thin and
with up
1st
cm
at
an
x
15x13
petals
and
to
scars
pedicels
long.
mm
Petals 5-
mm,
other
12,
ones
and in small clusters,
sparse
or
in inner
sometimes
to
each
1—8, these 1.5—2
x
petals
lateral-
other, slits
1.0—1.3
x
apex; ovules 7—20. Fruitlets obli-
mm,
stipe
solitary
2—13, obovoid,
axes
2.5-4
80°-180°
of
Carpels
the
1—8-flowered,
high.
mm
filaments inflated,
angle
at
10 bract
to
flowers 4-19
thin-walled, solitary
stamen.
x
5—7
outer ones
mm;
narrowly
nerves
prominulous
long,
order; all
solitary
of
base
below rounded;
1.2—10
branches
long,
coriaceous, in sicco
to
either side. On lower leaf side
on
these
to
from leaf base above.
obtuse,
to
dry epi-
rounded
long,
cm
or
almost
0.3—2
mm,
in clusters,
smooth
to
stigma
2.5—3.5
rather dense in
slightly pusticu-
black; axis straight.
Lamina
185
3—17
jam,
smooth,
4
the midrib,
apical parts
apically
of fruit wall. Seeds
6.5
on
mm
acute
Inflorescences
indistinct; brachysclereids
Leaf anatomy.
cuticle
over
Russell
8.
flat,
stigma 0.4—0.6 of length of carpel
and distinct
middle
to
petals,
thecae
widened;
or
to
to
14,
—
14—32, length 1—2
sometimes continuous
1.0—1.2
or
2-13
brachysclereids
throughout
(MEL). Towalla,
into 2-4 lobes. Torus 0.5—1.3
wide, ruptured
mm
elliptic
x
on
Pedicels
pusticular.
W. side
310,
foot of Mt Bartle
(MEL).
chartaceous
cm,
inconspicuous
cells
unspecialised
florescences 1
to
S.F.R.
(L);
road at
ridges descending
above sunken
florescence;
pedicels
*
s.n.
*
surroundings.
d.b.h. Branchlets rather slender;
cm
rounded
below lowest
smooth
Pocket
s.n.
Fig. 5, 6,
1—8.5
x
(broadly)
apex
at
Johnson
Johnson
canaliculate and with
(rather) broad,
middle of the blade
324*
(L),
Gurka
wrinkled. Petioles 0.7
triangular below,
pusticulate,
one
varieties)
Blade obovate
to
—
170*
on
R., Steph.
Frere, Steph.
irregularly
or
Mt Bartle Frere and
Dockrill
White QF 52/235* (type, BRI);
semecarpoides (F. Muell.)
synonymy
dermis
Boonjie
K.J.
epidermis
thick; often inner
sclerified.
not
or
Under adaxial
sclerified cells 30-55 /am
Between Cairns and Innisfail:
27621*
Frere,
Steph.
(for
Adaxial cuticle 4-7.5 pun.
—
large, squarish, strongly
of rather
layer
380 pun.
Adaxial
underlying
cell
epidermis
wall
13-25 /am; abaxial cuticle 4-8 /am, alveolar material
1—2
over
20-38 /am; adaxial
/am.
all
Abaxial
epidermis
cells, homogeneous
or
W. Vink:
Fig.
5. Bubbia
semecarpoides.
—
The Australian
a—d:
whiteana;
r; e—g:
var.
ing flower, petals removed; ruptured calyx
and
dle
petals removed;
of
cally
(x
floral
12½). — e.
2278;
heterogeneous,
wall
not
slightly
or
to
Young carpels
Webb &
over
strongly
to
old
556
7;
plugs
the
0
most
apical
flower
(x
f: Hill
s.n.
12½).
another
view
also
12½). — g.
; g:
Fraser
0.5-0.9
to
adaxial
c.
b.
—
Seed
Same
stamens,
(x 6).
in
very
or
a.
Just
open-
Open flower, calyx
stamen
in mid-
as
also
two
api-
showing vestigial
— (a: Kajewski 1495;
54).
of thickness of cuticle,
then
rather
touching
—
—
flower, adaxially,
some
one
in abaxial half of lamina (part
of these
semecarpoides.
(x 12½).
6 pun below surface of
birefringent. Brachysclereids
large clusters,
expansions (x
differentiated and
locally sclerified;
var.
stamens
stamens from
cells
unspecialised
distinctly
in
and
and normal
lateral
Three
from
Tracy
1 -2 pn. Stomatal
chyma
to
e:
with
stamens
12½). — d.
(x 25). — f. Carpel
apex
b—d: Brass
cell
lower
fig. b, adaxially (x
323
species ofßubbia
epidermis.
or
of)
two
layers
and
cell walls often
frequent, solitary
both
underlying
Palisade
epidermides.
and
parennot
to
slightly
in
small
Druses 5—22
324
BLUMEA
diam.
jLim in
pm
long
few
to
rather
to
rather many in
Distribution.
numbers of
stamens,
much
correlation with
the
Forms
mys piperita.
whereas
carpels,
1 —2( —3)
crystals
in
diam. very
at
the entities
and ovules, and
the time of Smith's
adverse
factors
the
upper
florescences
mid-mountain
altitude. Such
m
occurs
in New Guinea
consisting of
have
areas
a
semecarpoi-
elevations of
at
occurs
altitudes
higher
alpine regions
with
epidermis
these smaller sizes and
from 300-1200
conditions of
and
studies)
B. whiteana
as
is known
from the
internodes,
from
thicker
a
with what is known about Bubbia
semecarpoides
more
accommodate the material
to
smaller leaves and inflorescences and smaller
by ecological
('entities')
shorter
leaves,
rod-shaped
to
lamina. Oil cells 30—60 pirn
A.C. Smith
by
by
Compared
than
more
1250—1300 m, whereas B.
smaller
1983
mesophyll.
numbers could be caused
a
mesophyll; globose
is characterised
Peak,
petals,
very
2.
Australia: NE. Queensland.
thicker cuticle in its leaves.
(not
28. No.
throughout
common
Bubbia whiteana, described
Note.
from Thornton
des
in
(very) frequent
rare
VOL.
-
also in Dri-
single
a
larger leaves,
have
usually
flower,
longer
inter-
nodes, and florescences with several flowers.
material of the present species is still
flowering
As
of
variability
certainly
is
B.
the
side
flat
upper
of
decide
on
strengthen
but local, I have
(which
a.
or
accepted
a.
Midrib sunken
Midrib flat
var.
Bubbia
J.
the
B.
over-
semecarpoides);and
the ab-
lower cuticle of the leaves. As these
more
discontinuous variation. As this variation is
not
material,
regional,
varieties.
two
THE
VARIETIES
(in sicco)
var.
semecarpoides
(in sicco)
var.
semecarpoides (F. Muell.) Burtt,
Am. Arb.
24
46
(1933) 28,
Petioles
144.
(1943)
(1891) 204;
Bibl.
(1913) 21; Domin,
cences
on
more
constantly, namely
whiteana
semecarpoides
Centralbl.
4
is sunken in
the full range
scarce,
always gives
those mentioned above I cannot, without much
KEY TO
b.
extremely
material
more
characters in which it differs
alveolar material
continuous
a
two
of the midrib
heterogeneous
differences
yet known and
whiteana has
lap. However,
sence
not
p.p.
1—4
—
long;
W.
32; carpels 3—8;
ovules
Leaf anatomy.
material
homogenous
cialised cells
(in
unspecialised cells).
22
PI.
V,
Fl.
(Heft 89) (1925)
Sayer
cm
293
(MEL;
6—36
x
4
(1936)
F.
1
115
t.
Vict.
3315,
=
669; C.T.White,
cm;
3;
p.
Nat. 8
(1899) 19; Compr.
unnumbered
2.3—8.5
ad.
Muell.,
A.C.
Smith,
(1891) 15;
Cat.
Bot.
Queensl.
Contr. Arn.
PI.
Arb.
dupl. in K).
midrib sunken above.
long, (2-)3—8-flowered.
Petals
8-12;
Flores-
stamens
19—
10-20.
Adaxial
over
surface
Ic.
Bailey, Queensl.
blade
4—14, these 2.5—10
Hook.
Drimys semecarpoides
F.M.
Bot.
Type:
cm
—
epidermis
guard
view
21-30 pun; adaxial cuticle 3
cells and
8 pan. Alveolar
subsidiary cells, heterogeneous
finely granular
over
all
cells,
also
over
unspe-
coarsely granular
over
W. Vink:
Field
Bark grey, smooth, with
notes.
with
light yellow,
to
The Australian
QUEENSLAND.
NNW
Macalister
Hill,
(MEL,
Nat.
Jan.
1918,
of
Walsh
Herb.
C. T.
Schodde
4178*
Vink
1923
B,
sell
(A,
R.,
White
*
15°40'
1028*
(A,
of
17710,
54*
(BRI).
numbered). Rockingham
Bay,
Mt
Hill
s.n.
(K).
prob.
Note.
var.
about
In
some
whiteana
holo,
n.v.;
fr.
July
A.C.
Petals 5—9;
J.
Smith,
cm
material
non
are
*
(BRI,
K,
5619
H.
Ra.,
L).
W.
20767
of
1864
near
(MEL,
no
Between Cleveland
(MEL),
sine
15209
Herberton
4 km
White
5616,
and
s.n.*,
Jan.
of Rus-
K,
type;
un-
Rockingham
dd. 30-5-1865
coll.,
Ra.,
NW of
headwaters
Bay
(BRl,
s.n.
Tableland,
110* (L); bank
Hill,
C.T.
(CANB),
293
99,
Lamins
(A, BRI, P, S).
R., Sayer
NSW 68513
Hecken
Atherton
F.R.
20
Saddle
Atherton, Carlquist
(RSA).
1486*
=
(BRI).
(L).
s.n.
(MF,L).
(CANB).
mesophyll
vine forest; 300—1200
m
alt.
January.
White
s.n.
replaced by
Am.
F.
long;
cm
stamens
Leaf anatomy.
surface
dd.
11217*
nov.
Arb.
and of Webb &
Tracy
5567 the empty
leaves.
young
stat.
(1943)
24
145, fig.
a-f.
-
Type:
Brass 2278
(A,
B, BRI, K, P).
1—7, these 1.2—2.5
veolar
to
(A.C. Smith) Vink,
Petioles 0.7—1.5
long.
25*,
MEL
Parish of Bartle Frere,
(K, MEL).
Webb SN5459*
coll.
Tinaroo
4, F.R.,
1216*
Russell
s.n.*
Smith
Atherton, Moonim, Dockrill
Dansee
(CANB).
sine
4178*
W.T.Jones
Boonjie,
branches of C.T.
Drimys semecarpoides auct.
ces
of
Line
Thorne &
sine coll.
Ra.,
(GH, K),
January;
whiteana
Bubbia
194, W.
West
Harveys Crk,
bracts below the florescences
b.
Smith
RSA).
L.S.
of Cairns, D. Anderson
L).
cream
SL.
Cooktown,
N.
(CANB,
Montane rainforest(-margins),
Ecology.
Fl.
5567
S.F.R.
998*
of
Mtn,
LS.
blaze
beneath.
glaucous
18°50'
to
(CBG). Trinity Bay,
Camp,
Bay, Dallachy
Seaview
Clemens s.n.
Fox,
(L).
Webb
E.
by
Malanda, Kajewski
17711
BO, BRI, NSW),
D. Eraser
(L,
19
Tracy
Atherton,
East
L).
&
S.
Black
(K).
Telford
(BRI).
s.n.
W.
miles
Robson's
12897);
miles
Boonjie,
&
24
433
Webb
Crk,
Stocker
R.,
Six
(RSA).
Davies
c.
Boy land
Ra., Wrigley
NSW).
N.Q.
Gap Crk,
of Daintree,
325
vertically elongated lenticels;
bitter. Leaves
conspicuous odour,
Distribution. NE. Queensland from
miles
species of Bubbia
Muell.:
C.T.
blade 3—12
1-
long,
or
White, Contr.
x
1—3.5
2-flowered,
Am.
cm;
Arb.
(1933) 28,
4
p.p.
midrib flat above. Florescen-
if 1-flowered
pedicels
0.4 —
1.9
cm
14—19; carpels 1-4; ovules 7—10.
Adaxial
homogeneous
epidermis
over
all
30—38 Jim; adaxial
cells
of abaxial
cuticle
10—17
Al-
pm.
epidermis (finely granular
in
view).
Field
notes.
cream-green.
Ripe
Leaves
glaucous beneath; margins mostly
Distribution. NE. Queensland; Thornton Peak
QUEENSLAND.
(L); Kajewski
1495*
Ecology.
recurved.
Petals
cream or
fruits black.
Thornton
Peak,
Brass
2278*
(type;
(A, BRI, K, MEL, NSW, S); Hartley
Montane
(stunted)
Fl. March; fr. March and Dec.
rain
(Mt Alexander)
A,
n.v.;
14066a*
forest; poor
or
B, BRI, K, P); Hyland
7051*
(L).
low scrub;
1250-1300
m
alt.
326
BLUMKA
Fig.
Bubbia
with
6.
Leaf
openings
heterogeneous
des
var.
abaxial
1000
of
alveolar
a—d:
alveolar
var.
oil
material
ibidem
epidermis (arrow),
cuticular
material
epidermal
semecarpoides.
semecarpoides
x
anatomy,
howeana,
only
cells
over
VOL.
-
stomata
unspecialised
without
—
cells
e.
alveolar
1983
2,
(x 260),
B.
e &
( Takhtajan
1063). — c.
(van Balgooy
semecarpoides, strongly
(Dallachy s.n.).
No.
macerations
over
(Dockrill 110).
cuticle
28,
B.
&
f:
transverse
Rodd
queenslandiana
(White QF 52/235). —
howeana,
material,
heterogeneous
x
oil cell
420
alveolar
sections. — a.
1849).
—
b.
ssp.
d. B.
ibidem,
australis,
semecarpoi-
with external
opening in
(van Balgooy 1063). —
material
on
abaxial
f.
B.
cuticle,
W.
Fig.
7.
Leaf
mesophyll
mis
and
thickened,
diana,
anatomy.
Bubbia
light. — a.
walls
of
about two cells
Vink:
Ifte Australian
transverse
Bleached
howeana,
front
cavity
of
327
species ofßuhbia
sections;
stomata
b—f
unstained;
plugged
with
b,
d &
alveolar
f with
material,
in
epidermis (arrow); safranin-haematoxylin, x 260. — b. ibidem, walls
x
170
(a
& b:
Takhtajan
& Rodd
1849).—
c—f.
epidermis thin, mesophyll partly sclerified,
thick; c & d
x
170,
e
& f
x
425
(C.
T.
White
B.
polarized
oil
of
cell
in
epider-
queenslandiana ssp. queenslan-
adaxial
10644).
sclerified
subepidermal layer
BLUMEA
328
Fig.
light.
—
8.
Leaf
a—d.
anatomy.
Bubbia
Transverse
adaxial
sclerified
324). —
& f. B.
semecarpoides
of
e
brachysclereids;
VOL.
ssp.
australis;
subepidermal layer
var.
druses distinct
28, No.
sections, unstained,
queenslandiana
sclerified,
-
one
cell
x
170
1983
a—d
walls
of
of
d &
bleached; b,
f with
polarized
epidermis thin, mesophyll partly
thick, a & b
semecarpoides; walls
(arrows);
2,
x
170,
c
epidermis thin;
(Dockrill 110).
&
in
d
x
425
(Dockrill
mesophyll
clusters