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Proteins
Proteins
Proteins are complex macromolecules (polymers)
made up of structural units (monomers) which
are amino acids.
Proteins
Amino acids are made up of:
1.a basic group- the amino group NH2 ,
2.an acidic group- carboxyl group COOH
(Those two groups are the functional groups in
the amino acid),
Proteins
Amino acids are made up of:
3.a hydrogen atom and
4.terminal group R which differs from an amino
acid to another.
Proteins
Amino acids and building of protein
Proteins are made up of repeated units of amino
acids which link with each other by peptide
bonds.
Proteins
Amino acids and building of protein
these bonds are present between the carboxyl
group of an amino acid with an amino group
of another amino acid, with the removal of
water due to this combination.
Proteins
Amino acids and building of protein
these bonds are present between the carboxyl
group of an amino acid with an amino group
of another amino acid, with the removal of
water due to this combination.
Proteins
Structure:
Proteins
Structure:
There are 20 different types of amino acids such as:
-Glycine -Alanine –Valine
The type of protein depends on:
• The number of amino acids
• The type of amino acids used
• The order of amino acids
Proteins
Importance
Structural
Functional
Proteins
Importance:
Structural importance:
cell membrane
Proteins
Importance:
Structural importance:
muscles
Proteins
Importance:
Structural importance:
ligaments, tendons
Proteins
Importance:
Structural importance:
Glands
Proteins
Importance:
Structural importance:
nails,hair (Keratine)
Proteins
Importance:
Structural importance:
Vital Fluids: blood and the lymph
Proteins
Importance:
Structural importance:
Bone growth
Proteins
Importance:
Structural importance:
Chromosomes
Proteins
Importance:
Structural importance:
1. cell membrane
2. muscles, ligaments, tendons, organs, glands,
nails,hair
3. blood and the lymph
4. Bone growth
5. Chromosomes
Proteins
Importance:
Functional importance:
enzymes and hormones which stimulate and
regulate all the vital processes
Classification of proteins :
1) Simple proteins :
Formed of
amino acids
ONLY
Such as :
albumin
present in the leaves &roots of plants
and human blood plasma.
2) Conjugated proteins
*formed of amino acids and other elements *
Amino
acids +
Nucleic
acids
Amino acids
+
phosphorus
Chromatin
*nucleic
protein*
Casein
*phospho
protein in
Milk *
Amino
acids
+
Iodine
Thyroxin
*secreted
from thyroid
gland *
Amino acid
+
iron
Haemoglobin
*inside red blood cells *