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19-2387; Rev 4; 5/11 1.4W and 1W, Ultra-Small, Audio Power Amplifiers with Shutdown Features The MAX4364/MAX4365 are bridged audio power amplifiers intended for portable audio devices with internal speakers. The MAX4364 is capable of delivering 1.4W from a single 5V supply and 500mW from a single 3V supply into an 8Ω load. The MAX4365 is capable of delivering 1W from a single 5V supply and 450mW from a single 3V supply into an 8Ω load. The MAX4364/MAX4365 feature 0.04% THD+N at 1kHz, 68dB PSRR at 217Hz, and only 10nA of supply current in shutdown mode. The MAX4364/MAX4365 bridged outputs eliminate the need for output-coupling capacitors, minimizing external component count. The MAX4364/MAX4365 also include internal DC bias generation, clickless operation, short-circuit and thermal-overload protection. Both devices are unity-gain stable, with the gain set by two external resistors. The MAX4364 is available in a small 8-pin SO package. The MAX4365 is available in tiny 8-pin TDFN (3mm 3mm 0.8mm) and µMAX® packages. o 1.4W into 8Ω Load (MAX4364) o 1W into 8Ω Load (MAX4365) o 0.04% THD+N at 1kHz o 68dB PSRR at 217Hz o 2.7V to 5.5V Single-Supply Operation o 5mA Supply Current o Low-Power, 10nA Shutdown Mode o Pin Compatible with the LM4861/LM4862/LM4864 (MAX4364) o Clickless Power-Up and Shutdown o Thermal-Overload and Short-Circuit Protection o Available in TDFN, µMAX, and SO Packages Ordering Information PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE Cellular Phones MAX4364ESA+ -40°C to +85°C 8 SO PDAs MAX4365EUA+ -40°C to +85°C 8 µMAX MAX4365ETA+ -40°C to +85°C 8 TDFN-EP* Applications Two-Way Radios TOP MARK — — ACD *EP = Exposed pad. General-Purpose Audio +Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package. Pin Configurations appear at end of data sheet. µMAX is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. Typical Application Circuit/Functional Diagram VCC 6 VCC 50kΩ CLICKLESS/POPLESS SHUTDOWN CONTROL SHDN 1 2 BIAS OUT- 8 CBIAS 50kΩ 10kΩ 3 IN+ 10kΩ OUT+ 5 AUDIO INPUT CIN RIN 4 IN- MAX4364 GND 7 RF ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. 1 MAX4364/MAX4365 General Description MAX4364/MAX4365 1.4W and 1W, Ultra-Small, Audio Power Amplifiers with Shutdown ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS VCC, OUT_ to GND...................................................-0.3V to +6V IN+, IN-, BIAS, SHDN to GND....................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) Output Short Circuit (OUT+ to OUT-) (Note 1)...........Continuous Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) 8-Pin µMAX (derate 4.8mW/°C above +70°C) ..............388mW 8-Pin TDFN (derate 24.4mW/°C above +70°C) ..........1951mW 8-Pin SO (derate 7.8mW/°C above +70°C)...................623mW Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C Soldering Temperature (reflow) .......................................+260°C Note 1: Continuous power dissipation must also be observed. Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. PACKAGE THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS (Note 2) SO Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance (θJA) ......128.4°C/W Junction-to-Case Thermal Resistance (θJC)................36°C/W µMAX Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance (θJA) ......206.3°C/W Junction-to-Case Thermal Resistance (θJC)................42°C/W TDFN Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance (θJA) ...........41°C/W Junction-to-Case Thermal Resistance (θJC)..................8°C/W Note 2: Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a fourlayer board. For detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to www.maxim-ic.com/thermal-tutorial. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—5V (VCC = 5V, RL = ∞, CBIAS = 1µF to GND, VSHDN = VGND, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 3) PARAMETER Supply Voltage Range SYMBOL VCC CONDITIONS Inferred from PSRR test MIN 2.7 MAX4364 Supply Current ICC (Note 4) TYP 7 MAX4364, TA = TMIN to TMAX ISHDN VIH UNITS 5.5 V 13 17 MAX4365 5 MAX4365, TA = TMIN to TMAX Shutdown Supply Current MAX 8 11 VSHDN = VCC 0.01 TA = +25°C VCC x 0.7 TA = -40°C to +85°C (Note 5) VCC x 0.7 4 VIL Output Offset Voltage Power-Supply Rejection Ratio Output Power 2 µA V SHDN Threshold Common-Mode Bias Voltage mA VBIAS VOS PSRR POUT TA = +25°C VCC x 0.3 TA = -40°C to +85°C (Note 5) VCC x 0.3 VCC/2 5% (Note 6) IN- = OUT+, IN+ = BIAS (Note 7) 55 VCC/2 VCC/2 + 5% V ±1 ±10 mV VCC = 2.7V to 5.5V DC 75 VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P, RL = 8Ω 217Hz 68 1kHz 58 RL = 8Ω, THD+N = 1%, fIN = 1kHz (Note 8) MAX4364 1200 1400 MAX4365 800 1000 _______________________________________________________________________________________ dB mW 1.4W and 1W, Ultra-Small, Audio Power Amplifiers with Shutdown (VCC = 5V, RL = ∞, CBIAS = 1µF to GND, VSHDN = VGND, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 3) PARAMETER Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise SYMBOL THD+N Noise Short-Circuit Current ISC CONDITIONS AV = -2V/V, RL = 8Ω, fIN = 1kHz (Notes 5, 9) MIN TYP MAX4364, POUT = 1W 0.04 MAX4365, POUT = 750mW 0.1 MAX UNITS % fIN = 10kHz, BW = 22Hz to 22kHz 12 µVRMS OUT+ to OUT- (Note 10) 600 mA Thermal Shutdown Threshold 160 o C Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis 15 o C Power-Up Time tPU Shutdown Time tSHDN Enable Time from Shutdown tENABLE TA = +25°C 50 CBIAS = 0.22µF, TA = -40°C to +85°C (Note 5) 14 ms 35 10 µs TA = +25°C 50 CBIAS = 0.22µF, TA = -40°C to +85°C (Note 5) 12 35 TYP MAX ms ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—3V (VCC = 3V, RL = ∞, CBIAS = 1µF to GND, VSHDN = VGND, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 3) PARAMETER Supply Current SYMBOL ICC CONDITIONS (Note 4) Shutdown Supply Current ISHDN VSHDN = VCC Output Power POUT RL = 8Ω, THD+N = 1%, fIN = 1kHz (Note 8) Total Harmonic Distortion Plus Noise THD + N MIN MAX4364 6 MAX4365 4.5 UNITS 10 MAX4364 400 500 MAX4365 350 450 mA nA mW MAX4364, POUT = 400mW AV = -2V/V, RL = 8Ω, fIN = 1kHz (Notes 5, 9) MAX4365, POUT = 400mW 0.05 % 0.08 Note 3: All specifications are 100% tested at TA = +25°C. Note 4: Quiescent power-supply current is specified and tested with no load on the outputs. Quiescent power-supply current depends on the offset voltage when a practical load is connected to the amplifier. Note 5: Guaranteed by design, not production tested. Note 6: Common-mode bias voltage is the voltage on BIAS and is nominally VCC/2. Note 7: Maximum differential-output offset voltage is tested in a unity-gain configuration. VOS = VOUT+ - VOUT-. Note 8: Output power is specified by a combination of a functional output-current test, and characterization analysis. Note 9: Measurement bandwidth for THD+N is 22Hz to 22kHz. Note 10: Extended short-circuit conditions result in a pulsed output. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX4364/MAX4365 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS—5V (continued) Typical Operating Characteristics (VCC = 5V, THD+N measurement bandwidth = 22Hz to 22kHz, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) MAX4364 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY MAX4364 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY VCC = 5V AV = 2V/V RL = 8Ω VCC = 5V AV = 4V/V RL = 8Ω 1 THD+N (%) THD+N (%) THD+N (%) 0.25W 0.1 0.25W 1W 0.01 0.01 1k 10k 0 100 1k 0 10k 100 1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) FREQUENCY (Hz) FREQUENCY (Hz) MAX4364 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY MAX4364 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY MAX4364 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY VCC = 3V AV = 2V/V RL = 8Ω VCC = 3V AV = 4V/V RL = 8Ω 1 10 MAX4364 toc05 10 MAX4364 toc04 10 VCC = 3V AV = 20V/V RL = 8Ω 0.4W 0.1 THD+N (%) 1 THD+N (%) THD+N (%) 1 MAX4364 toc06 100 0.5W 1W 0.5W 1W 0 0.25W 0.1 0.5W 0.01 VCC = 5V AV = 20V/V RL = 8Ω 1 1 0.1 10 MAX4364 toc02 10 MAX4364 toc01 10 MAX4364 toc03 MAX4364 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY 0.25W 0.1 0.25W 0.1 0.4W 0.25W 0.4W 0.01 0.01 0 100 1k 10k 1k 10k 0 100 1k 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) MAX4364 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER MAX4364 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER MAX4364 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER 20Hz 0.1 1kHz 20kHz 1 20Hz 0.1 1kHz 0.01 0 40 200 520 1000 OUTPUT POWER (mW) 1650 2450 VCC = 3V AV = 2V/V RL = 8Ω 1 20kHz 0.1 0.01 0.001 0.001 10 MAX4364 toc09 VCC = 5V AV = 4V/V RL = 8Ω THD+N (%) 1 20kHz 10 100 MAX4364 toc08 100 THD+N (%) VCC = 5V AV = 2V/V RL = 8Ω 0.01 4 100 FREQUENCY (Hz) MAX4364 toc07 10 0.01 0 FREQUENCY (Hz) 100 THD+N (%) MAX4364/MAX4365 1.4W and 1W, Ultra-Small, Audio Power Amplifiers with Shutdown 1kHz 20Hz 0.001 0 40 200 520 1000 OUTPUT POWER (mW) 1650 2450 0 20 190 525 1000 OUTPUT POWER (mW) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 1700 2500 1.4W and 1W, Ultra-Small, Audio Power Amplifiers with Shutdown MAX4364 OUTPUT POWER vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE 20kHz 0.1 1kHz 0.01 MAX4364 toc11 10% THD+N 1500 1000 500 20Hz 3000 VCC = 5V fIN = 1kHz 2400 OUTPUT POWER (mW) THD+N (%) 1 RL = 8Ω fIN = 1kHz 2000 OUTPUT POWER (mW) VCC = 3V AV = 4V/V RL = 8Ω 10 2500 MAX4364 toc10 100 MAX4364 OUTPUT POWER vs. LOAD RESISTANCE MAX4364 toc12 MAX4364 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER 1800 10% THD+N 1200 600 1% THD+N 1% THD+N 0 0.001 0 40 200 520 1000 1650 3.4 4.1 5.5 4.8 0 10 20 40 30 50 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) LOAD RESISTANCE (Ω) MAX4364 OUTPUT POWER vs. LOAD RESISTANCE MAX4364 POWER DISSIPATION vs. OUTPUT POWER MAX4364 POWER DISSIPATION vs. OUTPUT POWER 400 490 420 350 280 210 VCC = 5V fIN = 1kHz RL = 8Ω 140 200 70 1% THD+N 0 10 20 40 30 50 240 210 180 150 120 90 VCC = 3V fIN = 1kHz RL = 8Ω 60 30 0 0 MAX4364 toc15 560 270 POWER DISSIPATION (mW) 10% THD+N 300 MAX4364 toc14 630 POWER DISSIPATION (mW) 800 600 700 MAX4364 toc13 VCC = 3V fIN = 1kHz 1000 0 0 300 600 900 1200 1500 0 100 200 400 300 LOAD RESISTANCE (Ω) OUTPUT POWER (mW) OUTPUT POWER (mW) MAX4364 SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE MAX4364 SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE MAX4364 SHUTDOWN SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE 8.0 7.5 7.0 8 7 6 6.5 6.0 3.4 4.1 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 4.8 5.5 10 8 6 4 2 0 5 2.7 12 SUPPLY CURRENT (nA) 9 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 8.5 VCC = 5V 500 MAX4364 toc18 10 MAX4364 toc16 9.0 MAX4364 toc17 OUTPUT POWER (mW) 2.7 2440 OUTPUT POWER (mW) 1200 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 0 -40 -15 10 35 TEMPERATURE (°C) 60 85 2.7 3.4 4.1 4.8 5.5 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 MAX4364/MAX4365 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VCC = 5V, THD+N measurement bandwidth = 22Hz to 22kHz, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) 80 VCC = 5V AV = 2V/V RL = 8Ω THD+N (%) THD+N (%) 40 VCC = 5V AV = 4V/V RL = 8Ω 1 1 60 10 MAX4364 toc20 VCC = 5V SUPPLY CURRENT (nA) 10 MAX4364 toc19 100 MAX4364 toc21 (VCC = 5V, THD+N measurement bandwidth = 22Hz to 22kHz, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) MAX4365 MAX4365 MAX4364 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION SHUTDOWN SUPPLY CURRENT PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY vs. TEMPERATURE 0.25W 0.5W 0.25W 0.5W 0.1 0.1 0.75W 0.75W 20 0.01 -15 10 60 35 0 85 100 1k 0 10k 100 FREQUENCY (Hz) MAX4365 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY MAX4365 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY MAX4365 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY 10 VCC = 3V AV = 4V/V RL = 8Ω 1 1 0.75W THD+N (%) 0.25W 0.5W THD+N (%) VCC = 3V AV = 2V/V RL = 8Ω THD+N (%) 1 10 MAX4364 toc23 VCC = 5V AV = 20V/V RL = 8Ω 0.25W 0.1 0.1 0.4W 0.1 0.4W 0.25W 0.01 0.01 0 100 1k 0.01 0 10k 100 1k 10k 0 100 FREQUENCY (Hz) MAX4365 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY MAX4365 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER MAX4365 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER 10 MAX4364 toc27 VCC = 5V AV = 2V/V RL = 8Ω 10 100 MAX4364 toc26 MAX4364 toc25 100 VCC = 5V AV = 4V/V RL = 8Ω 20kHz THD+N (%) 0.4W 1 20Hz 0.1 THD+N (%) 20kHz 0.25W 20Hz 1 0.1 1kHz 0.01 0.01 1k 10k 1kHz 0.01 0.001 100 FREQUENCY (Hz) 6 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) VCC = 3V AV = 20V/V RL = 8Ω 0 1k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10 0.1 10k FREQUENCY (Hz) 10 1 1k TEMPERATURE (°C) MAX4364 toc22 -40 MAX4364 toc24 0.01 0 THD+N (%) MAX4364/MAX4365 1.4W and 1W, Ultra-Small, Audio Power Amplifiers with Shutdown 0.001 0 200 300 500 700 1000 1300 1600 2000 2400 OUTPUT POWER (mW) 500 750 1000 1300 1600 OUTPUT POWER (mW) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 2000 2400 1.4W and 1W, Ultra-Small, Audio Power Amplifiers with Shutdown MAX4365 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER 20Hz 20kHz 0.1 0.01 MAX4364 toc29 20kHz 1 20Hz 0.1 RL = 8Ω fIN = 1kHz 2000 1kHz 0.01 1kHz 2500 OUTPUT POWER (mW) THD+N (%) 1 VCC = 3V AV = 4V/V RL = 8Ω 10 THD+N (%) VCC = 3V AV = 2V/V RL = 8Ω 10 100 MAX4364 toc28 100 MAX4365 OUTPUT POWER vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE MAX4364 toc30 MAX4365 TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE vs. OUTPUT POWER 10% THD+N 1500 1000 500 1% THD+N 0.001 0.001 0 125 200 250 325 400 500 600 725 800 1000 0 125 200 250 325 400 500 600 725 850 1000 OUTPUT POWER (mW) OUTPUT POWER (mW) SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) MAX4365 OUTPUT POWER vs. LOAD RESISTANCE MAX4365 OUTPUT POWER vs. LOAD RESISTANCE MAX4365 POWER DISSIPATION vs. OUTPUT POWER 600 400 800 600 10% THD+N 400 200 200 0 0 3.4 4.1 MAX4364 toc33 600 400 200 VCC = 5V RL = 8Ω fIN = 1kHz 1% THD+N 10 20 30 40 50 0 0 LOAD RESISTANCE (Ω) 40 30 50 0 100 VCC = 3V RL = 8Ω fIN = 1kHz 6 5 4 3 0 100 200 300 OUTPUT POWER (mW) 400 500 7 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 150 600 900 1200 1500 MAX4365 SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE MAX4364 toc35 7 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 200 0 300 OUTPUT POWER (mW) MAX4365 SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE MAX4364 toc34 250 POWER DISSIPATION (mW) 20 LOAD RESISTANCE (Ω) MAX4365 POWER DISSIPATION vs. OUTPUT POWER 50 10 MAX4364 toc36 0 5.5 4.8 800 POWER DISSIPATION (mW) 800 VCC = 3V fIN = 1kHz 1000 OUTPUT POWER (mW) 1000 1200 2.7 MAX4364 toc32 VCC = 5V fIN = 1kHz MAX4364 toc31 1200 OUTPUT POWER (mW) 0 VCC = 5V 6 5 4 3 2.7 3.4 4.1 4.8 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 5.5 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 TEMPERATURE (°C) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 MAX4364/MAX4365 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VCC = 5V, THD+N measurement bandwidth = 22Hz to 22kHz, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VCC = 5V, THD+N measurement bandwidth = 22Hz to 22kHz, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) MAX4365 SHUTDOWN SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE MAX4365 SHUTDOWN SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE 8 6 4 MAX4364 toc38 VCC = 5V 70 SUPPLY CURRENT (nA) 10 SUPPLY CURRENT (nA) 80 MAX4364 toc37 12 60 50 40 30 20 2 10 0 0 -40 5.5 3.4 4.1 4.8 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 10 60 35 85 TEMPERATURE (°C) POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO vs. FREQUENCY GAIN AND PHASE vs. FREQUENCY -20 MAX4364 toc39 80 60 40 20 0 -20 -40 -60 -80 -100 -120 -140 -160 -180 -15 MAX4364 toc40 2.7 RL = 8Ω VRIPPLE = 200mVP-P -30 -40 PSRR (dB) GAIN/PHASE (dB/DEGREES) MAX4364/MAX4365 1.4W and 1W, Ultra-Small, Audio Power Amplifiers with Shutdown -50 -60 -70 AV = 1000V/V 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M -80 10 FREQUENCY (Hz) 100 1k 10k 100k FREQUENCY (Hz) Pin Description PIN FUNCTION MAX4365 SO µMAX/TDFN 1 7 SHDN Active-High Shutdown. Connect SHDN to GND for normal operation. 2 1 BIAS DC Bias Bypass. See BIAS Capacitor section for capacitor selection. Connect CBIAS capacitor from BIAS to GND. 3 2 IN+ Noninverting Input 4 4 IN- Inverting Input 5 5 OUT+ 6 6 VCC Power Supply 7 3 GND Ground 8 8 OUT- — 8 NAME MAX4364 — EP Bridged Amplifier Positive Output Bridged Amplifier Negative Output Exposed Pad (TDFN Only). Internally connected to GND. Connect to a large ground plane to maximize thermal performance. Not intended as an electrical connection point. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 1.4W and 1W, Ultra-Small, Audio Power Amplifiers with Shutdown The MAX4364/MAX4365 bridged audio power amplifiers can deliver 1.4W into 8Ω (MAX4364) or 1W into 8Ω (MAX4365) while operating from a single 5V supply. These devices consist of two high-output-current op amps configured as a bridge-tied load (BTL) amplifier (see Typical Application Circuit/Functional Diagram). The gain of the device is set by the closed-loop gain of the input op amp. The output of the first amplifier serves as the input to the second amplifier, which is configured as an inverting unity-gain follower in both devices. This results in two outputs, identical in magnitude, but 180° out of phase. BIAS The MAX4364/MAX4365 feature an internally generated common-mode bias voltage of VCC/2 referenced to GND. BIAS provides both click-and-pop suppression and the DC bias level for the audio signal. BIAS is internally connected to the noninverting input of one amplifier, and should be connected to the noninverting input of the other amplifier for proper signal biasing (see Typical Application Circuit/Functional Diagram ). Choose the value of the bypass capacitor as described in the BIAS Capacitor section. VOUT(P-P) +1 2 x VOUT(P-P) VOUT(P-P) -1 Figure 1. Bridge-Tied Load Configuration the device is twice the closed-loop gain of the input amplifier. The effective gain is given by: A VD = 2 × Substituting 2 VOUT(P-P) into the following equations yields four times the output power due to doubling of the output voltage. VRMS = VOUT(P−P) Shutdown The MAX4364/MAX4365 feature a 10nA, low-power shutdown mode that reduces quiescent current consumption. Pulling SHDN high disables the device’s bias circuitry, the amplifier outputs go high impedance, and BIAS is driven to GND. Connect SHDN to GND for normal operation. Current Limit The MAX4364/MAX4365 feature a current limit that protects the device during output short circuit and overload conditions. When both amplifier outputs are shorted to either VCC or GND, the short-circuit protection is enabled and the amplifier enters a pulsing mode, reducing the average output current to a safe level. The amplifier remains in this mode until the overload or short-circuit condition is removed. Applications Information Bridge-Tied Load The MAX4364/MAX4365 are designed to drive a load differentially in a BTL configuration. The BTL configuration (Figure 1) offers advantages over the single-ended configuration, where one side of the load is connected to ground. Driving the load differentially doubles the output voltage compared to a single-ended amplifier under similar conditions. Thus, the differential gain of RF RIN 2 2 2 V POUT = RMS RL Since the differential outputs are biased at midsupply, there is no net DC voltage across the load. This eliminates the need for DC-blocking capacitors required for single-ended amplifiers. These capacitors can be large, expensive, consume board space, and degrade low-frequency performance. Power Dissipation Under normal operating conditions, the MAX4364/ MAX4365 can dissipate a significant amount of power. The maximum power dissipation for each package is given in the Absolute Maximum Ratings section under Continuous Power Dissipation or can be calculated by the following equation: PDISSPKG(MAX ) = TJ(MAX ) − TA θJA where TJ(MAX) is +150°C, TA is the ambient temperature and θJA is the reciprocal of the derating factor in °C/W as specified in the Package Thermal Characteristics section. For example, θ JA of the µMAX package is 206.3°C/W. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 MAX4364/MAX4365 Detailed Description MAX4364/MAX4365 1.4W and 1W, Ultra-Small, Audio Power Amplifiers with Shutdown The increase in power delivered by the BTL configuration directly results in an increase in internal power dissipation over the single-ended configuration. The maximum power dissipation for a given VCC and load is given by the following equation: PDISS(MAX) = 2 π RL Thermal-overload protection limits total power dissipation in the MAX4364/MAX4365. When the junction temperature exceeds +160°C, the thermal protection circuitry disables the amplifier output stage. The amplifiers are enabled once the junction temperature cools by 15°C. This results in a pulsing output under continuous thermal overload conditions as the device heats and cools. The MAX4365 TDFN package features an exposed thermal pad on its underside. This pad lowers the thermal resistance of the package by providing a direct heat conduction path from the die to the PC board. Connect the exposed thermal pad to circuit ground by using a large pad, ground plane, or multiple vias to the ground plane. Efficiency The efficiency of the MAX4364/MAX4365 is calculated by taking the ratio of the power delivered to the load to the power consumed from the power supply. Output power is calculated by the following equations: V POUT = PEAK 2RL 2 where VPEAK is half the peak-to-peak output voltage. In BTL amplifiers, the supply current waveform is a fullwave rectified sinusoid with the magnitude proportional to the peak output voltage and load. Calculate the supply current and power drawn from the power supply by the following: 10 The efficiency of the MAX4364/MAX4365 is: 2VCC2 If the power dissipation for a given application exceeds the maximum allowed for a given package, reduce VCC, increase load impedance, decrease the ambient temperature or add heat sinking to the device. Large output, supply, and ground PC board traces improve the maximum power dissipation in the package. ICC = ⎛ 2V ⎞ PIN = VCC ⎜ PEAK ⎟ ⎝ πRL ⎠ 2VPEAK πRL P η = OUT = PIN POUTRL 2 2VCC π The device efficiency values in Table 1 are calculated based on the previous equation and do include the effects of quiescent current. Note that efficiency is low at low output-power levels, but remains relatively constant at normal operating, output-power levels. Component Selection Gain-Setting Resistors External feedback components set the gain of both devices. Resistors RF and RIN (see Typical Application Circuit/Functional Diagram) set the gain of the amplifier as follows: A VD = 2 × RF RIN Optimum output offset is achieved when RF = 20kΩ. Vary the gain by changing the value of RIN. When using the MAX4364/MAX4365 in a high-gain configuration (greater than 8V/V), a feedback capacitor may be required to maintain stability (see Figure 2). CF and RF limit the bandwidth of the device, preventing high-frequency oscillations. Ensure that the pole created by CF and RF is not within the frequency band of interest. Input Filter The input capacitor (CIN), in conjunction with RIN forms a highpass filter that removes the DC bias from an incoming signal. The AC-coupling capacitor allows the amplifier to bias the signal to an optimum DC level. Assuming zero source impedance, the -3dB point of the highpass filter is given by: ƒ −3dB = 1 2πRINCIN Choose RIN according to the Gain-Setting Resistors section. Choose CIN such that f-3dB is well below the lowest frequency of interest. Setting f -3dB too high affects the low-frequency response of the amplifier. Use capacitors whose dielectrics have low-voltage coeffi- ______________________________________________________________________________________ 1.4W and 1W, Ultra-Small, Audio Power Amplifiers with Shutdown MAX4364/MAX4365 VCC 6 CLICKLESS/ POPLESS SHUTDOWN CONTROL VCC 50kΩ 2 SHDN 1 OUT- 8 BIAS CBIAS 50kΩ 3 IN+ 10kΩ 10kΩ OUT+ 5 CIN AUDIO INPUT RIN 4 IN- MAX4364 MAX4365 GND 7 RF CF Figure 2. High-Gain Configuration Table 1. Efficiency in a 5V, 8Ω BTL System OUTPUT POWER (W) INTERNAL POWER DISSIPATION (W) EFFICIENCY (%) 0.25 0.55 31.4 0.50 0.63 44.4 0.75 0.63 54.4 1.00 0.59 62.8 1.25 0.53 70.2 1.40 0.48 74.3 cients, such as tantalum or aluminum electrolytic. Capacitors with high-voltage coefficients, such as ceramics, may result in an increase distortion at low frequencies. Other considerations when designing the input filter include the constraints of the overall system, the actual frequency band of interest and click-and-pop suppression. Although high-fidelity audio calls for a flat gain response between 20Hz and 20kHz, portable voicereproduction devices such as cellular phones and twoway radios need only concentrate on the frequency range of the spoken human voice (typically 300Hz to 3.5kHz). In addition, speakers used in portable devices typically have a poor response below 150Hz. Taking these two factors into consideration, the input filter may not need to be designed for a 20Hz to 20kHz response, saving both board space and cost due to the use of smaller capacitors. BIAS Capacitor The BIAS bypass capacitor, CBIAS, improves PSRR and THD+N by reducing power-supply noise at the commonmode bias node, and serves as the primary click-andpop suppression mechanism. C BIAS is fed from an internal 25kΩ source, and controls the rate at which the common-mode bias voltage rises at startup and falls during shutdown. For optimum click-and-pop suppression, ensure that the input capacitor (C IN ) is fully charged (ten time constants) before CBIAS. The value of CBIAS for best click-and-pop suppression is given by: ⎡C R ⎤ CBIAS ≥ 10⎢ IN IN ⎥ ⎣ 25kΩ ⎦ In addition, a larger CBIAS value yields higher PSRR. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 MAX4364/MAX4365 1.4W and 1W, Ultra-Small, Audio Power Amplifiers with Shutdown Clickless/Popless Operation Proper selection of AC-coupling capacitors (CIN) and CBIAS achieves clickless/popless shutdown and startup. The value of CBIAS determines the rate at which the midrail bias voltage rises on startup and falls when entering shutdown. The size of the input capacitor also affects clickless/popless operation. On startup, CIN is charged to its quiescent DC voltage through the feedback resistor (RF) from the output. This current creates a voltage transient at the amplifier’s output, which can result in an audible pop. Minimizing the size of CIN reduces this effect, optimizing click-and-pop suppression. RF AUDIO INPUT 1 H MAX5407 OUT+ RIN W 3 IN- MAX4364 MAX4365 CIN 4 L OUT- Figure 3. MAX4364/MAX4365 and MAX5160 Volume Control Circuit Supply Bypassing Proper supply bypassing ensures low-noise, low-distortion performance. Place a 0.1µF ceramic capacitor in parallel with a 10µF ceramic capacitor from V CC to GND. Locate the bypass capacitors as close to the device as possible. tion passes the audio signal unattenuated. Setting the wiper to the lowest position fully attenuates the input. Layout Considerations Good layout improves performance by decreasing the amount of stray capacitance and noise at the amplifier’s inputs and outputs. Decrease stray capacitance by minimizing PC board trace lengths, using surface-mount components and placing external components as close to the device as possible. Also refer to the Power Dissipation section for heatsinking considerations. Adding Volume Control The addition of a digital potentiometer provides simple volume control. Figure 3 shows the MAX4364/MAX4365 with the MAX5407 log taper digital potentiometer used as an input attenuator. Connect the high terminal of the MAX5407 to the audio input, the low terminal to ground and the wiper to CIN. Setting the wiper to the top posi- Chip Information PROCESS: BiCMOS Pin Configurations TOP VIEW OUT- SHDN VCC OUT+ SHDN 1 BIAS 2 IN+ IN- + 8 OUT- 7 GND 3 6 VCC 4 5 OUT+ MAX4364 BIAS 1 IN+ 2 GND 3 IN- 4 + MAX4365 µMAX 8 OUT- 7 SHDN 6 VCC 5 OUT+ 8 7 6 5 MAX4364 MAX4365 EP* + SO 1 2 3 4 BIAS IN+ GND IN- TDFN *CONNECT EP TO GND. 12 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 1.4W and 1W, Ultra-Small, Audio Power Amplifiers with Shutdown PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE OUTLINE NO. LAND PATTERN NO. 8 SO S8+5 21-0041 90-0096 8 µMAX U8+1 21-0036 90-0092 8 TDFN T833+2 21-0137 90-0059 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 13 MAX4364/MAX4365 Package Information For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. MAX4364/MAX4365 1.4W and 1W, Ultra-Small, Audio Power Amplifiers with Shutdown Revision History REVISION NUMBER REVISION DATE 4 5/11 DESCRIPTION Added EP information to Pin Description; updated Ordering Information and Pin Configurations for lead-free parts; updated specifications in Absolute Maximum Ratings, Package Thermal Characteristics and Electrical Characteristics sections PAGES CHANGED 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 12, 13 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 14 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 © 2011 Maxim Integrated Products Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
