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Chap 2
The Biological
Perspective
Copyright © Pearson Education, 2009
Definitional and
Application Slides
2
Copyright © Pearson Education, 2009
LO 2.1
The part of the neuron responsible for carrying the neural
message from one end to the other is the:
1.Soma
2.Dendrite
3.Axon
4.Glial cells
5.Myelin
3
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LO 2.1
The part of the neuron responsible for carrying the neural
message from one end to the other is the:
1.Soma
2.Dendrite
3.Axon (p. 49)
4.Glial cells
5.Myelin
4
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LO 2.1
________ is a fatty substance that forms a protective
coating around the axon of a neuron.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Dendrite
Soma
Terminal branches
Neurilemma
Myelin
5
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LO 2.1
________ is a fatty substance that forms a protective
coating around the axon of a neuron.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Dendrite
Soma
Terminal branches
Neurilemma
Myelin (p. 50)
6
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LO 2.1
When an action potential occurs, _______ ions come into a
section of the axon to make it more positive.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
sodium
chloride
neurotransmitter
potassium
hydrogen
7
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LO 2.1
When an action potential occurs, _______ ions come into a
section of the axon to make it more positive.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
sodium (p. 51)
chloride
neurotransmitter
potassium
hydrogen
8
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LO 2.2
_________ are sections on a dendrite onto which
neurotransmitters attach so a message can be
received by a neuron:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Synapse vesicles
Synaptic gap
Receptor sites
Action potentials
Resting potentials
9
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LO 2.2
_________ are sections on a dendrite onto which
neurotransmitters attach so a message can be
received by a neuron:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Synapse vesicles
Synaptic gap
Receptor sites (p. 53)
Action potentials
Resting potentials
10
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LO 2.2
A neurotransmitter that is generally excitatory and involved
with memory is called:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Serotonin
GABA
Glutamate
Acetylcholine
Norepinephrine
11
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LO 2.2
A neurotransmitter that is generally excitatory and involved
with memory is called:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Serotonin
GABA
Glutamate
Acetylcholine (p. 55-56)
Norepinephrine
12
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LO 2.2
_______ is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that helps to
reduce anxiety by binding to the same receptor sites that
are affected by tranquilizers and alcohol.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Serotonin
GABA
Acetylcholine
Glutamate
Dopamine
13
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LO 2.2
_______ is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that helps to
reduce anxiety by binding to the same receptor sites that
are affected by tranquilizers and alcohol.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Serotonin
GABA (p. 56)
Acetylcholine
Glutamate
Dopamine
14
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LO 2.3
The ___________ nervous system is made up of the brain
and spinal cord.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
peripheral
autonomic
somatic
parasympathetic
central
15
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LO 2.3
The ___________ nervous system is made up of the brain
and spinal cord.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
peripheral
autonomic
somatic
parasympathetic
central (p. 59)
16
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LO 2.4
This section of the nervous system is responsible for
calming the body after a stressful response:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Sympathetic
Central
Parasympathetic
Autonomic
Sensory neurons
17
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LO 2.6
This section of the nervous system is responsible for
calming the body after a stressful response:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Sympathetic
Central
Parasympathetic (p. 64)
Autonomic
Sensory neurons
18
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LO 2.5
_________ is a technique used to study the brain that
involves injecting radioactive glucose to detect activity in
the brain during various tasks.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
MRI scan
PET scan
CT scan
EEG
Deep lesioning
19
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LO 2.5
_________ is a technique used to study the brain that
involves injecting radioactive glucose to detect activity in
the brain during various tasks.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
MRI scan
PET scan (p. 67)
CT scan
EEG
Deep lesioning
20
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LO 2.6
This section of the brain is located at the top of the spinal
column and is involved with life-sustaining functions such
as heart rate, respiration, and swallowing:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Pons
Reticular formation
Medulla
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
21
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LO 2.6
This section of the brain is located at the top of the spinal
column and is involved with life-sustaining functions such
as heart rate, respiration, and swallowing:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Pons
Reticular formation
Medulla (p. 68)
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
22
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LO 2.6
A patient in a hospital has difficulty controlling fine motor
movement, coordinating simple movements that are
involved in more complex movements (e.g., walking), and
has difficulty with balance. The brain area that is most likely
damaged is called:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Reticular formation
Cerebellum
Medulla
Pons
Thalamus
23
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LO 2.6
A patient in a hospital has difficulty controlling fine motor
movement, coordinating simple movements that are
involved in more complex movements (e.g., walking), and
has difficulty with balance. The brain area that is most likely
damaged is called:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Reticular formation
Cerebellum (p. 69-70)
Medulla
Pons
Thalamus
24
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LO 2.7
The __________ is involved with responses related to fear
relatively quickly, allowing people to respond to danger
sometimes before even being consciously aware that it
exists:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
amygdala
thalamus
hypothalamus
hippocampus
pons
25
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LO 2.7
The __________ is involved with responses related to fear
relatively quickly, allowing people to respond to danger
sometimes before even being consciously aware that it
exists:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
amygdala (p. 71)
thalamus
hypothalamus
hippocampus
pons
26
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LO 2.8
This area of the brain is responsible for higher mental
functions, such as planning, personality, memory, and
decision making:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Temporal lobes
Parietal lobes
Frontal lobes
Occipital lobes
Motor cortex
27
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LO 2.8
This area of the brain is responsible for higher mental
functions, such as planning, personality, memory, and
decision making:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Temporal lobes
Parietal lobes
Frontal lobes (p. 74)
Occipital lobes
Motor cortex
28
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LO 2.9
________ is an association area located in the left
temporal lobe that is responsible for understanding the
meaning of language.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Broca’s area
Wernicke’s area
Somatosensory cortex
Corpus callosum
Motor cortex
29
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LO 2.9
________ is an association area located in the left
temporal lobe that is responsible for understanding the
meaning of language.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Broca’s area
Wernicke’s area (p. 76)
Somatosensory cortex
Corpus callosum
Motor cortex
30
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LO 2.10
The area of the brain that connects the two cerebral
hemispheres and is often severed in split brain patients is
called:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Temporal lobe
Parietal lobe
Occipital lobe
Frontal lobe
Corpus callosum
31
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LO 2.10
The area of the brain that connects the two cerebral
hemispheres and is often severed in split brain patients is
called:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Temporal lobe
Parietal lobe
Occipital lobe
Frontal lobe
Corpus callosum (p. 77)
32
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LO 2.11
_________ is a hormone that is implicated in sleep-wake
cycles:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Insulin
Melatonin
Cortisol
Glucagons
Thyroxin
33
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LO 2.11
_________ is a hormone that is implicated in sleep-wake
cycles:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Insulin
Melatonin (p. 80)
Cortisol
Glucagons
Thyroxin
34
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Critical Thinking & Student
Opinion Slides
35
Copyright © Pearson Education, 2009
What do you think?
Should someone who is accused of a
crime be able to plead not guilty on the
grounds of brain dysfunction or
hormone imbalance?
A. Yes
B. No
36
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What do you think?
Should someone who is accused of a
crime be able to plead not guilty
because he or she was under the
influence of drugs?
A. Yes
B. No
37
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With which statement do you agree?
A. Children younger than 10 years old
should be given medications to correct
emotional and/or behavior problems.
B. Most childhood behavior and emotional
problems (like ADHD) are not really
disorders, but are a function of just
being a kid.
38
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With which statement do you agree?
A. Men and women are destined to behave
differently because of differences in
their brains.
B. People can consciously modify their
behavior to overcome sex differences in
the brain.
39
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What do you think?
Should it be legal to perform brain surgery
or to administer electroconvulsive shock
to control behavior in adults?
A. Yes
B. No
40
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What do you think?
Should it be legal to perform brain surgery
or to administer electroconvulsive shock
to control behavior in children?
A. Yes
B. No
41
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What do you think?
Should it be legal to perform brain surgery
or to administer electroconvulsive shock
to control behavior in habitual criminals?
A. Yes
B. No
42
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What do you think?
Should it be permissible to clone animals?
A. Yes
B. No
43
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What do you think?
Assuming we had the technology, should it
be permissible to clone humans?
A. Yes
B. No
44
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What do you think?
Should it be illegal to use animals in
experimental research?
A. Yes
B. No
45
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Hemispheric Lateralization
Demonstration
1. Students get in pairs with Student A facing
the slides, and Student B facing away from
the slides.
2. Student A asks the first slide of questions to
Student B, and notes which way Student B
looks when thinking about the answers.
3. Students switch seats and roles.
46
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First Questions (A asks B)
1.
2.
3.
4.
What does the word “appetite” mean?
What direction does the Statue of Liberty face?
How many straight lines are in a hexagon?
Which word has more letters, “publication” or
“contemplation”?
47
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Students should now
switch places.
48
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Second Questions (B asks A)
1. What is a synonym?
2. Name three states that border Iowa.
3. You are walking north, turn left, then left again,
and then right. What direction are you walking?
4. How many letters are there in the word
“growing”?
49
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For question #1, which way did your
subject look?
A. Left
B. Right
What does the word “appetite” mean?
What is a synonym?
50
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For question #2, which way did your
subject look?
A. Left
B. Right
What direction does the Statue of Liberty face?
Name three states that border Iowa.
51
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For question #3, which way did your
subject look?
A. Left
B. Right
How many straight lines are in a hexagon?
You are walking north, turn left …
52
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For question #4, which way did your
subject look?
A. Left
B. Right
Which word has more letters, “publication” or
“contemplation”?
How many letters are there in the word “growing”?
53
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