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Particle Symbol Relative Charge Relative Mass (proton = 1) Actual Mass (g) Electron e- 1- 1/1840 9.11X10-28 Proton p+ 1+ 1 1.67x10-24 Neutron n0 0 1 1.67x10-24 Subatomic Particles Proton Positively charged particle Equal to the Atomic Number Electron Negatively charged particle Equal to # of protons (in a neutral atom) Neutron Uncharged particle (neutral) Equal to Mass Number – Atomic Number Location of Subatomic Particles Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus Electrons located in energy levels (orbitals) outside of the nucleus Atomic Number Element Name 6 C Chemical Symbol Carbon Atomic 12.011 Mass/Weight Atomic Number Number of protons in atom Number of electrons in atom Mass Number (Atomic Mass rounded) Number of protons plus neutrons Chemical Symbol One or two letters that stand for the element 12 C 6 protons=6 electrons = 6 neutrons=6 (12-6) atomic number mass number (rounded atomic mass) Ions -atoms that have gained or lost electrons (negative particles) Anion: atoms that have gained electrons and have a negative charge Cation: atoms that have lost electrons and have a positive charge Isotopes -Atoms that have the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons -different mass numbers Neon-20 Neon-21 Neon-22 10 neutrons 11 neutrons 12 neutrons (Average) Atomic Mass -isotopes occur in nature in a certain percentage (percent natural abundance) -the atomic mass of an element is a weighted average mass of atoms occurring in nature -see table 4.3 Name Percent Abundance Mass (amu) Carbon-12 98.89 12.000 Carbon-13 1.11 13.003 Carbon-14 ≤.01 14.000 Average Atomic Mass 12.011 (.9889 * 12.000) + (0.0111 * 13.003) = 12.011