Download Properties of Subatomic Particles

Particle
Symbol
Relative
Charge
Relative Mass
(proton = 1)
Actual Mass (g)
Electron
e-
1-
1/1840
9.11X10-28
Proton
p+
1+
1
1.67x10-24
Neutron
n0
0
1
1.67x10-24
Subatomic Particles
Proton
Positively charged particle
Equal to the Atomic Number
Electron
Negatively charged particle
Equal to # of protons (in a neutral atom)
Neutron
Uncharged particle (neutral)
Equal to Mass Number – Atomic Number
Location of Subatomic Particles
Protons and neutrons are found in the
nucleus
Electrons located in energy levels
(orbitals) outside of the nucleus
Atomic
Number
Element
Name
6
C
Chemical
Symbol
Carbon
Atomic
12.011
Mass/Weight
Atomic Number
Number of protons in atom
Number of electrons in atom
Mass Number (Atomic Mass rounded)
Number of protons plus neutrons
Chemical Symbol
One or two letters that stand for the element
12 C
6
protons=6
electrons = 6
neutrons=6
(12-6)
atomic number
mass number (rounded atomic mass)
Ions
-atoms that have gained or lost
electrons (negative particles)
Anion: atoms that have gained electrons
and have a negative charge
Cation: atoms that have lost electrons
and have a positive charge
Isotopes
-Atoms that have the same number
of protons, but different numbers of
neutrons
-different mass numbers
Neon-20
Neon-21
Neon-22
10 neutrons
11 neutrons
12 neutrons
(Average) Atomic Mass
-isotopes occur in nature in a certain
percentage (percent natural abundance)
-the atomic mass of an element is a
weighted average mass of atoms
occurring in nature
-see table 4.3
Name
Percent
Abundance
Mass (amu)
Carbon-12
98.89
12.000
Carbon-13
1.11
13.003
Carbon-14
≤.01
14.000
Average
Atomic Mass
12.011
(.9889 * 12.000) + (0.0111 * 13.003) = 12.011