Download ch1

Exam
Name___________________________________
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) If a response increases a disturbance, the system is classified as a ________ feedback system.
A) deficit
B) polarized
C) neutral
D) negative
E) positive
1)
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Type: MC
2) Which of the following organs is located between the peritoneum and the body wall?
A) kidney
B) spleen
C) stomach
D) urinary bladder
E) large intestine
2)
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Type: MC
3) The serous membrane covering the stomach and most of the intestines is called the
A) pericardium.
B) peritoneum.
C) pleura.
D) abdomen.
E) mediastinum.
3)
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Type: MC
4) Which organ system includes the spleen and the tonsils?
A) nervous
B) lymphoid
C) digestive
D) cardiovascular
E) endocrine
4)
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Type: MC
5) The integrating center for the negative feedback loop that regulates body temperature is the
A) temperature sensor.
B) hypothalamus.
C) thermostat.
D) skin.
E) positive feedback center.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Type: MC
1
5)
6) When body temperature rises, a center in the brain initiates physiological changes to decrease the
body temperature. This is an example of
A) negative feedback.
B) fever.
C) nonhomeostatic regulation.
D) positive feedback.
E) diagnostic regulation.
6)
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Type: MC
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
7) _________________________ regulation occurs when the activities of organs are regulated
locally.
7)
Answer: Intrinsic
Diff: 2
Type: SA
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
8) Which plane divides the body into right and left parts?
A) frontal
B) orthogonal
C) proximal
D) sagittal
E) transverse
8)
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Type: MC
9) Anatomy is to ________ as physiology is to ________.
A) growth; form
B) form; structure
C) structure; function
D) function; form
E) structure; form
9)
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Type: MC
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
10) The common name for the patella is the _________________________.
Answer: kneecap
Diff: 1
Type: SA
2
10)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
11) The quadrants of the abdominopelvic region include all of the following except
A) left lower quadrant (LLQ).
B) right upper quadrant (RUQ).
C) left upper quadrant (LUQ).
D) right lower quadrant (RLQ).
E) pelvic quadrant.
11)
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Type: MC
12) A chemical imbalance in the blood can cause the heart to stop pumping blood, which in turn will
cause other tissues and organs to cease functioning. This observation supports the view that
A) congenital defects can be life-threatening.
B) all organisms are composed of cells.
C) chemical molecules make up cells.
D) all levels of organization within an organism are interdependent.
E) blood has magical properties.
12)
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Type: MC
13) The liver is primarily located in the ________ quadrant.
A) left upper
B) right lower
C) left lower
D) hepatic
E) right upper
13)
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Type: MC
ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.
14) What is homeostatic regulation, and what is its physiological importance?
Answer: Homeostatic regulation refers to adjustments in physiological systems that are responsible for the
preservation of a constant internal environment. This provides a favorable environment for the body's
cells.
Diff: 3
Type: ES
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
15) The study of the function of specific organ systems is called
A) systemic physiology.
B) histology.
C) organ physiology.
D) pathological physiology.
E) cell physiology.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Type: MC
3
15)
16) Cardiovascular physiology is an example of
A) systemic physiology.
B) pathological physiology.
C) physiological chemistry.
D) organ physiology.
E) histophysiology.
16)
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Type: MC
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
17) Homeostatic regulation usually involves a(n) _________________________ that detects a
particular stimulus, and a(n) _________________________ that responds to the stimulus by
communicating with a(n) _________________________ whose activity has an effect on the
same stimulus.
17)
Answer: receptor; integrating center; effector
Diff: 2
Type: SA
18) _________________________ regulation results from the activities of the nervous or
endocrine system.
18)
Answer: Extrinsic
Diff: 1
Type: SA
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
19) An example of a receptor in a negative feedback loop controlling body temperature would be
A) sweat glands that increase secretion.
B) sweat glands that act like effectors.
C) effectors that cause blood vessels to dilate.
D) temperature sensors on the skin that detect a stimulus.
E) regulatory centers that send commands to an effector.
19)
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Type: MC
20) Identify a structure located within the mediastinum.
A) spleen
B) lung
C) small intestine
D) pericardial sac
E) stomach
20)
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Type: MC
21) Lungs are to the respiratory system as the liver is to the ________ system.
A) cardiovascular
B) lymphoid
C) urinary
D) digestive
E) both B and D
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Type: MC
4
21)
22) The right pleural cavity contains the
A) right lung.
B) trachea.
C) both lungs.
D) left lung.
E) heart.
22)
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Type: MC
23) Which of the following is arranged in correct order from the most COMPLEX to the SIMPLEST?
A) molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism
B) organism, system, organ, tissue, cellular, molecular
C) tissue, cellular, molecular, organ, system, organism
D) organ, organism, molecular, cellular, tissue, system
E) cellular, tissue, molecular, system, organ, organism
23)
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Type: MC
24) Visceral pericardium is located
A) on the lung itself.
B) lining the pleural cavity.
C) on the heart itself.
D) lining the pericardial cavity.
E) lining the peritoneal cavity.
24)
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Type: MC
25) The chin is ________ to the nose.
A) superior
B) inferior
C) anterior
D) medial
E) posterior
25)
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Type: MC
ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.
26) Name the organs found in the thoracic cavity.
Answer: lungs, heart, trachea, esophagus, thymus, major blood vessels connected to the heart
Diff: 2
Type: ES
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
27) Identify the correctly spelled term describing the organ that separates the ventral body cavity into
superior and inferior cavities.
A) diaphragm
B) diafragm
C) mediastienum
D) mediastinum
E) diaphram
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Type: MC
5
27)
28) The urinary bladder is found in the ________ quadrant and the ________ quadrant.
A) left upper; right upper
B) right upper; right lower
C) right lower; left lower
D) left upper; left lower
E) right upper; right lower
28)
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Type: MC
29) Which organ system provides support, protection of soft tissue, mineral storage, and blood
formation?
A) muscular
B) endocrine
C) nervous
D) skeletal
E) integumentary
29)
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Type: MC
30) The muscle known as the diaphragm separates the ________ from the ________.
A) thoracic cavity; abdominopelvic cavity
B) pericardial cavity; pleural cavity
C) pleural cavity; mediastinum
D) abdominal cavity; pelvic cavity
E) pericardial sac; pericardial cavity
30)
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Type: MC
31) The pituitary gland and thyroid gland are organs of the ________ system.
A) lymphoid
B) endocrine
C) cardiovascular
D) respiratory
E) digestive
31)
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Type: MC
32) Which of the following is not considered an abdominopelvic region?
A) upper
B) right inguinal region
C) left lumbar
D) left hypochondriac
E) right hypochondriac
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Type: MC
6
32)
33) The maintenance of a constant internal environment in an organism is termed
A) integration.
B) negative feedback.
C) effector control.
D) homeostasis.
E) positive feedback.
33)
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Type: MC
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
34) The branch of biological science that deals with the study of how living organisms perform
their vital functions is called _________________________.
34)
Answer: physiology
Diff: 1
Type: SA
35) _________________________ studies the changes in form that occur between conception
and physical maturity.
35)
Answer: Developmental anatomy
Diff: 2
Type: SA
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
36) While standing in the anatomical position,
A) back refers to posterior.
B) front refers to ventral.
C) front refers to anterior.
D) back refers to dorsal.
E) all of the above
36)
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Type: MC
37) The study of the first two months of development is termed
A) pathology.
B) organology.
C) histology.
D) embryology.
E) cytology.
37)
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Type: MC
38) This type of feedback exaggerates the effects of variations from normal.
A) positive
B) negative
C) depressing
D) neutral
E) all of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Type: MC
7
38)
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
39) The _________________________ serves as a worldwide official standard of anatomical
vocabulary.
39)
Answer: Terminologia Anatomica
Diff: 2
Type: SA
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
40) Which organ system transports nutrients, metabolic wastes, gases, and defense cells?
A) respiratory
B) muscular
C) urinary
D) cardiovascular
E) digestive
40)
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Type: MC
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
41) The tendency for physiological systems to stabilize internal conditions is called
_________________________.
41)
Answer: homeostasis
Diff: 1
Type: SA
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
42) Which of the following regions corresponds to the buttocks?
A) cephalic
B) gluteal
C) thoracic
D) lumbar
E) pelvic
42)
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Type: MC
43) ________ is considered the oldest medical science.
A) Physiology
B) Cytology
C) Biology
D) Anatomy
E) Embryology
43)
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Type: MC
44) Anatomical features that change during illness are studied in ________ anatomy.
A) surface
B) regional
C) gross
D) microscopic
E) pathological
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Type: MC
8
44)
45) The study of the superficial and internal features in a specific area of the body is called ________
anatomy.
A) regional
B) surgical
C) radiographic
D) pathological
E) surface
45)
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Type: MC
46) The two major divisions of the ventral body cavity are the
A) pelvic and thoracic.
B) thoracic and abdominopelvic.
C) lateral and medial.
D) cranial and sacral.
E) dorsal and ventral.
46)
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Type: MC
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
47) A cut parallel to the midsagittal plane would produce a(n) _________________________
section.
47)
Answer: parasagittal
Diff: 2
Type: SA
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
48) The central principle of physiology is
A) reflexes.
B) temperature regulation.
C) stimulation.
D) homeostasis.
E) nutrition.
48)
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Type: MC
49) While standing erect, the direction of caudal is
A) upward.
B) laterally.
C) downward.
D) medially.
E) none of these.
49)
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Type: MC
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
50) The common term for the buccal region is the _________________________.
Answer: cheek
Diff: 1
Type: SA
9
50)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
51) A midsagittal section would pass through the
A) spleen.
B) kidney.
C) leg.
D) lung.
E) heart.
51)
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Type: MC
52) A person is lying on the bed gazing at the ceiling. She is in the ________ position.
A) dorsal
B) caudal
C) supine
D) prone
E) anatomical
52)
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Type: MC
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
53) When homeostatic mechanisms fail, an individual will experience the symptoms of
_________________________.
53)
Answer: disease
Diff: 1
Type: SA
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
54) Which of the following organs is not contained within the abdominal cavity?
A) stomach
B) pancreas
C) spleen
D) small intestine
E) ovary
54)
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Type: MC
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
55) The common name for the pollex is the _________________________.
55)
Answer: thumb
Diff: 2
Type: SA
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
56) The wrist is ________ to the elbow.
A) distal
B) horizontal
C) medial
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Type: MC
10
D) lateral
E) proximal
56)
57) Which of the following terms refers to the foot?
A) femoral
B) cervical
C) pedal
D) brachial
E) antebrachial
57)
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Type: MC
58) In general, the nervous system does each of the following, except
A) responds rapidly to change.
B) directs very specific responses.
C) helps to maintain homeostasis.
D) directs long-term responses to change.
E) both B and D
58)
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Type: MC
59) Organ physiology is to ________ as gross anatomy is to ________.
A) cell physiology; microscopic anatomy
B) imbalance; microscopic anatomy
C) equilibrium; macroscopic anatomy
D) balance; equilibrium
E) macroscopic anatomy; unbalance
59)
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Type: MC
60) The thoracic cavity contains the
A) coelom.
B) pericardial cavity.
C) pelvic cavity.
D) pleural cavities.
E) both B and D
60)
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Type: MC
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
61) A person lying face down is in the _________________________ position.
Answer: prone
Diff: 1
Type: SA
11
61)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
62) A cell or organ that responds to commands of the control center in negative feedback is termed a(n)
A) thermoregulator.
B) hypothalamus.
C) effector.
D) receptor.
E) stimulus.
62)
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Type: MC
63) Terms of anatomical direction are used to describe
A) living matter.
B) a supine position.
C) surgical procedures.
D) the nervous system.
E) one body part in relation to another.
63)
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Type: MC
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
64) The common term for the carpal region is the _________________________.
64)
Answer: wrist
Diff: 1
Type: SA
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
65) If a response decreases a disturbance, the system is classified as a ________ feedback system.
A) negative
B) deficit
C) neutral
D) positive
E) polarized
65)
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Type: MC
66) The kidneys and ureters are organs of the ________ system.
A) respiratory
B) lymphoid
C) digestive
D) endocrine
E) urinary
66)
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Type: MC
67) The heart is ________ to the lungs.
A) proximal
B) distal
C) lateral
D) posterior
E) medial
67)
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Type: MC
68) The study of the general form and superficial markings of an organism is called ________ anatomy.
A) systemic
B) regional
C) surgical
D) surface
E) gross
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Type: MC
12
68)
69) Skin, hair, and nails are associated with the ________ system.
A) skeletal
B) endocrine
C) muscular
D) integumentary
E) both A and B
69)
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Type: MC
70) Which one of the following is not a characteristic of the endocrine system?
A) releases chemical messengers called hormones
B) produces a more rapid response than the nervous system
C) produces an effect that involves several organs or tissues at the same time
D) important homeostatic system
E) produces effects that last for days or longer
70)
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Type: MC
71) A person facing forward with hands at the sides and palms facing forward is in the
A) prone position.
B) anatomical position.
C) frontal position.
D) sagittal position.
E) supine position.
71)
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Type: MC
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
72) The branch of biological science that studies the external and internal structure of the body
and the physical relationship among body parts is called _________________________.
72)
Answer: anatomy
Diff: 1
Type: SA
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
73) Which organ system removes carbon dioxide from the bloodstream?
A) cardiovascular
B) endocrine
C) digestive
D) lymphoid
E) respiratory
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Type: MC
13
73)
74) The mediastinum
A) contains the pleural cavities.
B) separates the pleural cavities.
C) contains the pericardial cavity.
D) both A and C
E) both B and C
74)
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Type: MC
75) An anatomical term that means the same as ventral:
A) superior
B) inferior
C) anterior
D) posterior
E) abdominal
75)
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Type: MC
76) The study of the liver is to gross anatomy as the study of the liver cell is to
A) systemic anatomy.
B) physiology.
C) radiographic anatomy.
D) regional anatomy.
E) cytology.
76)
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Type: MC
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
77) Anatomy uses a special language, called _________________________, that involves the use
of word roots, prefixes, suffixes, and combining forms to construct terms related to the
body in health and disease.
77)
Answer: medical terminology
Diff: 1
Type: SA
ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper.
78) Name the two upper abdominal quadrants and list the organs that lie in each.
Answer: right upper quadrant (RUQ): right lobe of liver, gallbladder, right kidney, portions of stomach, large and
small intestines; left upper quadrant (LUQ): left lobe of liver, stomach, pancreas, left kidney, spleen,
portions of large intestine
Diff: 1
Type: ES
14
79) During exercise, blood flow to skeletal muscles increases. The initial response that increases blood flow is
automatic and independent of the nervous and endocrine systems. Which type of homeostatic regulation is this?
Why?
Answer: The initial increase in blood flow to active muscles is an example of autoregulation. For example, when
oxygen levels decline in a tissue, the cells release chemicals that dilate local blood vessels. This dilation
increases the rate of blood flow and provides more oxygen to the region even before responses from the
nervous or endocrine system take place. Autoregulation does not require the nervous or endocrine
system.
Diff: 3
Type: ES
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
80) The analysis of the internal structure of individual cells is called
A) embryology.
B) cytology.
C) anatomy.
D) histology.
E) physiology.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Type: MC
15
80)
Answer Key
Testname: CH1
1) E
2) A
3) B
4) B
5) B
6) A
7) Intrinsic
8) D
9) C
10) kneecap
11) E
12) D
13) E
14) Homeostatic regulation refers to adjustments in physiological systems that are responsible for the preservation of a
constant internal environment. This provides a favorable environment for the body's cells.
15) A
16) A
17) receptor; integrating center; effector
18) Extrinsic
19) D
20) D
21) D
22) A
23) B
24) C
25) B
26) lungs, heart, trachea, esophagus, thymus, major blood vessels connected to the heart
27) A
28) C
29) D
30) A
31) B
32) A
33) D
34) physiology
35) Developmental anatomy
36) E
37) D
38) A
39) Terminologia Anatomica
40) D
41) homeostasis
42) B
43) D
44) E
45) A
46) B
47) parasagittal
48) D
49) C
16
Answer Key
Testname: CH1
50) cheek
51) E
52) C
53) disease
54) E
55) thumb
56) A
57) C
58) D
59) A
60) E
61) prone
62) C
63) E
64) wrist
65) A
66) E
67) E
68) D
69) D
70) B
71) B
72) anatomy
73) E
74) E
75) C
76) E
77) medical terminology
78) right upper quadrant (RUQ): right lobe of liver, gallbladder, right kidney, portions of stomach, large and small
intestines; left upper quadrant (LUQ): left lobe of liver, stomach, pancreas, left kidney, spleen, portions of large
intestine
79) The initial increase in blood flow to active muscles is an example of autoregulation. For example, when oxygen levels
decline in a tissue, the cells release chemicals that dilate local blood vessels. This dilation increases the rate of blood
flow and provides more oxygen to the region even before responses from the nervous or endocrine system take place.
Autoregulation does not require the nervous or endocrine system.
80) B
17