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21-06-0472-00-0000-Handover_Use_Case_More_IEs IEEE 802.21 MEDIA INDEPENDENT HANDOVER DCN:21-06-0472-00-0000-Handover_Use_Cases_More_IEs Title: Handover Use Cases and Additional IEs Date Submitted: January 2006 Presented at IEEE 802.21 session #12 at Hawaii Authors or Source(s): Dave Wisely, Steve Buttery : British Telecommunications Vivek Gupta: Intel Corporation Abstract: This is an operator’s view point on some use cases for Handovers and need for additional IEs 21-06-0472-00-0000-Handover_Use_Case_More_IEs IEEE 802.21 presentation release statements This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE 802.21 Working Group. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. [The contributor grants a free, irrevocable license to the IEEE to incorporate material contained in this contribution, and any modifications thereof, in the creation of an IEEE Standards publication; to copyright in the IEEE’s name any IEEE Standards publication even though it may include portions of this contribution; and at the IEEE’s sole discretion to permit others to reproduce in whole or in part the resulting IEEE Standards publication. The contributor also acknowledges and accepts that this contribution may be made public by IEEE 802.21.] The contributor is familiar with IEEE patent policy, as outlined in Section 6.3 of the IEEE_SA Standards Board Operations Manual <http://standards.ieee.org/guides/opman/sect6.html#6.3> and in Understanding Patent Issues During IEEE Standards Development <http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat/guide.html> January 2006 21-06-0472-00-0000-Handover_Use_Case_More_IEs Handover Use Cases and Additional IEs (Operator’s View Point) Dave Wisely, Steve Buttery British Telecommunications Vivek Gupta Intel Corporation Slide 3 January 2006 21-06-0472-00-0000-Handover_Use_Case_More_IEs Agenda • Handover: Use Cases • Dynamic Information Elements • Additional Information Elements Slide 4 January 2006 21-06-0472-00-0000-Handover_Use_Case_More_IEs Use case 1 – Cyclist through hot spot • Description – Cyclist on a WiMAX network cycles through a WLAN hotspot • Network Handovers – WiMAX to WLAN to WiMAX (if this can be achieved quickly enough to be of use – eg may be streaming video from bike cam) • Key Information service parameters – – – – • Emergency call support (requires to have this at all times) WLAN power consumption (whether has power saving features enabled) WLAN hand-in and hand-out times Pre-authentication possible at WLAN Value chain relationship – Cyclist is subscriber to Service Provider (SP) A that is also a Network Operator (NO) and has extensive roaming agreements • Handover decision point – SP makes handover decisions and terminal must send parameters about available network – User is unaware of network change and not able to influence handover in any way Slide 5 January 2006 21-06-0472-00-0000-Handover_Use_Case_More_IEs Use case 2 – Business Group on train • Description – A group of businessmen are traveling on a train – they are sharing a single external connection via a PAN (Personal Area Network) • Network Handovers – Currently one is on 3G (data, voice and video) and needs to decide if a handover to the onboard WLAN is sensible (this is hard without knowledge of the train backhaul network characteristics) • Key Information service parameters – – – – • Support for Gold users (eg priority) Broadcast/multicast support (to enable colleagues in other locations to join session) Encryption strength (do we need VPN?) QoS (Max/min/typical bandwidth, latency, jitter) Value chain relationship – Terminals supplied by company – can only connect to approved networks • Handover decision point – All decisions are made by remote corporate server (3G is default) – User agent send info on available networks to corporate server for decision Slide 6 January 2006 21-06-0472-00-0000-Handover_Use_Case_More_IEs Use case 3 – Users on a Bus • Description – A coach is taking holiday makers to the seaside – the coach offers an on-board WLAN but connects to a variety of back haul networks as it finds them • Network Handovers – The Bus is doing the handover and “sees” a variety of WLAN and WiMAX networks as well as universal GPRS – it needs to decide which one(s) to connect to • Key Information service parameters – – – – – • Globally routable IP@ Handover in and out times Coverage extent (no point joining to leave soon after) Maximum speed of mobility support (fast bus!) QoS (Max/min/typical bandwidth, latency, jitter) Value chain relationship – Bus offers internet connectivity free as part of services and connects to cheapest network • Handover decision point – All decisions are made by bus router – See enclosed work on ASCOT project fro more details Slide 7 January 2006 21-06-0472-00-0000-Handover_Use_Case_More_IEs Use case 4 – Orienteering Gamer • Description – A team is playing a game that requires precise location control and very low latency between participants. An external server is controlling the game • Network Handovers – From 3G to WiMAX to WLAN and back to 3G (if WLAN and WiMAX networks can support the game) • Key Information service parameters – – – – – – • Globally routable IP@ (required by game) Firewall and NAT restrictions (game requires open ports) Handover in and out times Latency Packet error rates Location accuracy Value chain relationship – Content provider is being paid by games users – they also need to pay the SP fro network services • Handover decision point – Game installation has installed small control add-on that recovers network info service parameters and decides if networks are suitable for the game Slide 8 January 2006 21-06-0472-00-0000-Handover_Use_Case_More_IEs Use case 5 – Indigent student • Description – Student needs very cheap calls and always lowest price • Network Handovers – WiMAX to WLAN (frequently) • Key Information service parameters – – – – • Cost Current congestion Hand-in and hand-out times Seamlessness of handovers Value chain relationship – Student uses external service (semi-legal) that supplies log-on information about WLAN APs and buys pre-pay WLAN and WiMAX one-time passwords in bulk and re-sells them • Handover decision point – By installed app on terminal that is in constant contact with external server Slide 9 January 2006 21-06-0472-00-0000-Handover_Use_Case_More_IEs Extensions to 802.21 Info services (Dynamic info) Info Service (Static) Future Locations Location Available Networks Possible Networks Possible Networks Congestion information Future Locations Basic Info Service (Static) Client Info Service (Dynamic) Congestion Report Advanced Service Client Slide 10 Third party Server (SP or 3P service) Handover Plan Authentication keys One time vouchers January 2006 21-06-0472-00-0000-Handover_Use_Case_More_IEs Info Service Elements (1) Name of Info Element Description Comments Network Capability list List of common capabilities (presence Mobility etc) 21C is based on CCs – so 21C service will need a sub set to be supported Network Service list Eg could use OMA services that are being specified fro inter -operability Can the service (eg weather) be supported on the local network? Cost of basic services Voice ppm, video, price per MByte data Needs careful definition of basic services Pre-authentication and CAC? Does network offer a pre handover authentication (via SP or NO?) and a session admission Would greatly speed handovers Emergency service support Does the network offer 112/911 support Might be a requirement to always have 1 network with this Slide 11 January 2006 21-06-0472-00-0000-Handover_Use_Case_More_IEs Info Service Elements (2) Name of Info Element Description Comments Proxy terminal network support Allows access to information services – terminal can request info about FUTURE locations Can be used for smart network selection (see slide on dynamic services) Static/dynamic network parameter support Eg is information about congestion available? Need up to date congestion information to make sensible hand-over decisions Class of user supported Eg Gold. Silver, Bronze Gold users might want to only use networks that support min (Gold) service award characteristics Latency Typical, Max,Min Current (Dynamic) Needed for real-time apps Jitter Typical, Max,Min Current (Dynamic) Needed for real-time apps Slide 12 January 2006 21-06-0472-00-0000-Handover_Use_Case_More_IEs Info Service Elements (3) Name of Info Element Description Comments Location information Format Resolution Some Services need very precise location info IP Address V4/v6 Globally routable? Certain apps will require a globally routable address Firewall Restrictions Blocked services Blocked ports No point handing over to a network that blocks your service (eg Voda and VoIP) NAT Does the network use NAT? Certain apps (eg Skype) don’t work properly with NAT Encryption support AES.TKIP etc Key length Tells user if VPN is required on top of encryption Slide 13 January 2006 21-06-0472-00-0000-Handover_Use_Case_More_IEs Info Service Elements (4) Name of Info Element Description Comments Bandwidth Max, Min, Typical (up) Max, Min, Typical (down) Current (dynamic) Need to know what sort of bandwidth a network will offer (preferably in real-time) Power consumption Typical consumption figure for network (say 1 to 10) Some networks of the same type may implement different power saving features Coverage 100%? 90% No point using a network with patchy coverage if continuous connections are required Cell size Typical, Max, Min Handovers can fail and need power/signalling Mobility speed supported Max handover speed Bicycle, fast car … Slide 14 January 2006 21-06-0472-00-0000-Handover_Use_Case_More_IEs Info Service Elements (5) Name of Info Element Description Comments ARQ speed on link layer Eg 2ms Much better on 802.20 – might be needed by some apps Breakout options Eg PSTN or Circuit mobile Terminal might want to break out of IP to PSTN close to destination Multicast support Supported? Needed for group-based services Broadcast support Supported? Eg Tsunami warnings Hand-over times Hand-in and hand-out times (Max,min and typical) Could be too slow to be useful Slide 15 January 2006 21-06-0472-00-0000-Handover_Use_Case_More_IEs Info Service Elements (6) Name of Info Element Description Comments Seamless handovers Supported? Horizontal (eg WLAN to WLAN) and vertical (eg WLAN to WiMAX) Lossless and “speedy” Lossless handovers Supported? Horizontal (eg WLAN to WLAN) and vertical (eg WLAN to WiMAX) No packets lost Priority support Force handover possible Eg in Fusion need to go to Bluetooth as soon as detected – absolute priority. Slide 16 January 2006 21-06-0472-00-0000-Handover_Use_Case_More_IEs Conclusion • Handover decision making requires additional IEs beyond just static Neighbor Graphs – Specially for less managed networks like 802.11 • In some cases this may be Dynamic information – Can be provided separately as a value add feature – Values can be provided as (Typical, Min, Max) to take into account regular/dynamic updates • Most of these IEs need to be computed and are not directly provided even by different access networks – 802.21 can provide additional services above and beyond those provided directly by different access networks Slide 17 January 2006 21-06-0472-00-0000-Handover_Use_Case_More_IEs Feedback? Slide 18