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Department of the Human Anatomy Zhou Hong Ying Abdominal cavity Peritoneum & Peritoneal Cavity • Peritoneum • Peritoneal Cavity • Structures formed by the Peritoneum Peritoneum *Parietal peritoneum *Visceral peritoneum • A potential space • Formed by the parietal and visceral peritoneum • Containing a thin film of serum • Closed in males, communicated with the exterior of the body in females Peritoneal cavity • Intraperitoneal organs • Interperitoneal organs Extraperitoneal organs Structures formed by the Peritoneum • Omenta 网膜 lesser omentum 小网膜 greater omentum 大网膜 omental bursa 网膜囊 epiploic/omental foramen 网膜孔 • Ligament: double layers of peritoneum • Mesentery 系膜 mesentery of small intestine 小肠系膜 transverse mesocolon 横结肠系膜 sigmoid mesocolon 乙状结肠系膜 lesser omentum porta hepatis lesser curvature of stomach proximal part of the duodenum hepatogastric lig. & hepatoduodenal lig. 4 folds of peritoneum from greater curvature of the stomach, descending, greater omentum to the transverse colon covering the small intestine Omental bursa Omental bursa ▪ left border - spleen, gastrosplenic ligament & splenorenal ligament left border of omental bursa (lesser sac): spleen, gastrosplenic lig., splenorenal lig. • Right border: omental foramen Anterior: hepatoduodenal lig. (free edge of lig.) Posterior: peritoneum covering the IVC Superior: caudate lobe of the liver Inferior: superior part of the duodenum Clinic important of the omental foramen Superior Recess of Omental Bursa Lesser Sac & Hepatorenal Recess Peritoneal ligaments: lig. of liver Hepatoduodenal lig. Hepatogastric lig. Hepatorenal lig. Coronary lig. Falciform lig. (ligamentum teres in the free edge) L & R triangular lig. lig. of spleen • gastrosplenic lig. • splenorenal lig. • splenophrenic lig. • splenocolic lig. • hepatogastric lig. • gastrosplenic lig. • gastrocolic lig. lig. of stomach root of the small intestinal mesentery: 15cm in length, from the left side of the LV2 to the right sacroiliac joint Mesentery of the the small intestine *A fan-shaped *Two layer-folds of peritoneum *Attaching the coils of jejunum and ileum to posterior abdominal wall *Root of the mesentery * A triangular mesentery of the vermiform appendix * Blood vessels in its free edge mesoappendix Transverse mesocolon *The root of the transverse mesocolon crosses: Right kidney, descending part of the duodenum, head of the pancreas, left kidney Sigmoid mesocolon The Mesenteric Recesses & Posterior Relations of the Mesenteries • reflection of parietal peritonum raised by underlying vessels, duct, and obliterated fetal vessels • median umbilical fold (allantoic duct) • medial umbilical folds (umbilical a.) • lateral umbilical folds (inferior epigastric a.) Peritoneal fold Gastropancreatic fold • Rectouterine pouch • Vesicouterine pouch • Rectovesical pouch