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AS Biology Unit 2 Module 3: Biodiversity and evolution OCR Classification Classification is an attempt to impose a hierarchy on the complex and dynamic variety of life on Earth. Classification systems have changed and will continue to change as our knowledge of the biology of organisms develops. Key Words Classification. Taxonomy. Phylogeny. Variation. Species. Extinction. Evolutionary distance. Evolution. Monophyletic. Taxon. Kingdom. Nucleus. Prokaryote. Protoctista. Fungi. Plantae. Animalia. Mycelium. Nutrition. Photosynthesis. Heterotroph. Eukaryote. DNA. Organelle. Chromosome. Ribosome. Respiration. Mitochondrion. Parasite. Autotroph. Extracellular. Enzyme. Disease. Polysaccharide. Hyphae. Cellulose. Species. Class. Order. Genus. Domain. Family. Phylum. Binomial system. Dichotomous key. Environmental impact assessment. Substrate. Protein. Amino acid. DNA. RNA. Gene. You should be able to: Define the terms classification, phylogeny and taxonomy. Explain the relationship between classification and phylogeny. Describe the classification of species into the taxonomic hierarchy of domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species. Outline the characteristic features of the following five kingdoms: Prokaryotae (Monera), Protoctista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia. Outline the binomial system of nomenclature and the use of scientific (Latin) names for species. Use a dichotomous key to identify a group of at least six plants, animals or microorganisms. Discuss the fact that classification systems were based originally on observable features but more recent approaches draw on a wider range of evidence to clarify relationships between organisms, including molecular evidence. Compare and contrast the five-kingdom and three-domain classification systems. Recommended reading Core Text Book Toole & Toole, 4th Ed. Pgs 200-209 Pgs 74-75 NAS Genetics, Evolution and Biodiversity Pgs 28-30