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By Isaac, Noah and Nick In one heartbeat, the entire heart contracts in a coordinated manner so blood flows in the correct direction at the right time Have longer refractory period than skeletal muscle Relax long enough so that the hearts chambers can refill with blood Contractile Cells - produce a powerful contraction that propels blood Conducting System – controls and coordinates the activities of the contractile cell Form the bulk of the hearts muscle tissue Forms 99% of all cardiac muscle cells Rapid Depolarization Plateau Voltage gated sodium channels open, and the influx of sodium ions rapidly depolarizes the sarcolemma As the cell begins to actively pump sodium ions out, voltage gated calcium channels open and extracellular calcium ions enter the sarcoplasm Repolarization As the calcium channels begin to close, potassium channels open and potassium ions rush out Conducting Cells – distribute the contractile stimulus to the general myocardium Nodal Cells – responsible for establishing the rate of cardiac contraction Pacemaker Cells – nodal cells that reach threshold first