Download Preparation Work D - Introductory Medicines Management Modules

Yorkshire and the Humber Medicines Management
Training Scheme
Introduction to:
Ward/Clinical Environments
https://www.ewin.nhs.uk/groups/medslearning/activity
Contact: Administration Team
Pharmacy Development Unit
Baines Wing
School of Healthcare
University of Leeds
Leeds LS2 9JT
T: 0113 343 7551
E: [email protected]
Document Reference Number: PDU/MM/012
Review Date: Sept 2017
Version: 1.2
Supersedes: v1.1
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Introduction to Ward/Clinical Environments - Copyright © 2015 Health Education Yorkshire and the
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Contents Page
Contents Page ........................................................................................................... 1
Introduction to the Module .......................................................................................... 2
Aims and Objectives............................................................................................................................ 3
Learning Outcomes ............................................................................................................................. 3
Benefits of a Medicines Management Technician .............................................................................. 4
Stage 1: Preparation Work ......................................................................................... 5
Preparation Work A – Reading ........................................................................................................... 5
Preparation Work B - Procedures and Policies.................................................................................... 8
Preparation Work C – Infection Control and Hand Hygiene ............................................................. 10
Preparation Work D - Introductory Medicines Management Modules ...................... 14
Stage 2: Practical Activities ...................................................................................... 16
A. Ward Based Tasks and Activities .................................................................................................. 16
B. Attendance at Study Days ............................................................................................................. 27
Stage 3 Assessment and Completion ...................................................................... 28
Assessment of Competence for Ward Based Role ........................................................................... 28
Summary of Achievements................................................................................................................ 29
Confirmation of Completion of Module ............................................................................................ 30
Appendix 1 - Common Abbreviations ....................................................................... 31
Appendix 2 – Yorkshire and Humber Medicines Management Training Scheme ..... 34
Appendix 4 - Competency Levels ............................................................................. 35
Appendix 5 - Self Reflective Log .............................................................................. 36
Appendix 6 - Continuing Professional Development ................................................ 38
This document has been produced by the Yorkshire and Humber Pharmacy Development
Unit (Y&H PDU) to assist in the training and development of staff involved in Medicines
Management. It should be read in conjunction with the Medicines Code and Procedures
provided by the employing organisation.
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Introduction to the Module
Pharmacy Technicians are fully involved in medicines management ward-based activities
and these roles are being further developed and reviewed to provide an improved medicines
service to patients and wards.
Medicines management staff improve Medicines Management at ward level, help to reduce
medicines waste, save time, ensure that patients receive the correct medicines, and
maintain appropriate medicines supplies throughout the patients stay in hospital. These
enhanced roles allow pharmacists time to concentrate on clinical duties.
This module provides an overview of the main duties of medicines management staff and
looks at the work they undertake, their responsibilities and how they work with patients and
ward staff to provide an effective medicines management service.
In this module there are a number of tasks which highlight the medicines management role
and functions. The tasks focus on observations of real situations, assessment of risks and
benefits and topics for discussion.
This module is one of three introductory modules that you will need to complete as part of
your preparation and induction to Medicines Management within the Yorkshire and Humber
Medicines Management Training Scheme which includes:
Introduction to: Medicines Calculations
Introduction to: Communication Skills
Pharmacy staff completing work based learning:
1. Will find it helpful to have a nominated learning mentor to support them through this
module. A mentor may be a different member of the pharmacy team for each module.
Your mentor may be a technician or pharmacist.
2. At the end of this workbook there is a final CPD evaluation sheet which you should
complete as evidence for GPhC CPD. It is recommended that you keep up to date with
your skills through CPD.
3. Ask your mentor to complete the Confirmation of Training Package Completion form and
forward it to the Yorkshire and Humber Pharmacy Development Unit (Y&H PDU). A
certificate will be issued to confirm successful completion of modules of the Yorkshire
and Humber Medicines Management Training Scheme.
The information contained in this booklet provides a variety of training and assessment
methods, which may be adapted to address the content and depth of training required.
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Aims and Objectives
Aim
This training programme aims to set out a structured approach to work outside the pharmacy
department. It introduces the candidate to the work of medicines management staff and may
help to prepare them for this extended role. It also looks at what happens at ward level, and
introduces the candidate to problems and risks associated with providing this service.
Objectives
On completion of this package, the candidate will have a basic understanding of and be able
to discuss the varied role of medicines management staff.
Learning Outcomes
Be able to identify and understand common ward abbreviations
To understand the different roles of medicines management staff within Y&H framework
To understand the importance of infection control and good hand hygiene in a clinical setting
Demonstrate an understanding of the procedures and organisational policies when carrying
out ward based duties.
Have a basic understanding of situations when a referral to a pharmacist/senior member of
staff would be required.
Have a basic understanding of and be able to discuss the benefits and risks associated with
the medicines management service provided by pharmacy staff.
For completion of this introductory module the following must be achieved:

Observation and completion of tasks and activities

Testing of Knowledge using questions & answers and discussions

Assessment of competence for ward based role

Completion of 3 self reflective logs
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Benefits of Medicines Management Staff

Allows the ward pharmacist time to concentrate on clinical duties.

Increases patient contact – improved patient experience and care

Reduces the number of drug charts sent to pharmacy, and off the ward

Waste reduction-Cuts down on unnecessary dispensing and cost with the recycling
of PODs

Waste reduction-reduces returns to pharmacy, reduces dispensing time in pharmacy

Reduces number of prescribing discrepancies – accurate drug history obtained

Saves time, money and improves the pharmaceutical care of the patient

Improved relationship with other ward-based health care professional
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Stage 1: Preparation Work
Preparation Work A – Reading
Complete the essential and further reading lists below as appropriate to your role.
Make notes on the most important and relevant points for your learning and understanding.
Discuss these with your mentor.
Essential reading
Date Completed
Medication Errors – Safety in Doses ‘Improving the use of medicines
in the NHS’ (2009)
http://www.nrls.npsa.nhs.uk/resources/?entryid45=61625
Notes for discussion:
Risk Management - Reducing harm from omitted and delayed
medicines in hospital (Feb 2010) Rapid Response Report RRR009.
www.nrls.npsa.nhs.uk
Notes for discussion:
NPC 5 Minute Guide Introduction to Medicines Management
www.npc.nhs.uk/five_min_guides.php (if available -archived website)
Notes for discussion:
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Date Completed
Taking drug histories — an audit of technician accuracy.
Hospital Pharmacist 2007;14:351-352 (November 2007)
Notes for discussion:
Medicines optimisation: the safe and effective use of medicines to
enable the best possible outcomes NICE Guideline 5 (NG5) March
2015 http://www.nice.org.uk/
Notes for discussion:
The candidate has demonstrated learning from this reading
Candidates signature ……………………………
Date ………………………
Mentor signature…………………………………
Date ………..…………….
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Further Reading (suggested content depending on role)
Date Completed
Thomas et al, Empowering technicians to work in extended clinical
roles, Hospital Pharmacist, 2008, Vol 15, p145-146
Notes for discussion:
Acres, S New Professional Body- are technicians in or out? Hospital
Pharmacist, 2008, Vol 15, p107-8
Notes for discussion:
Standards of Conduct, Ethics and Performance see latest edition at
GPhC website http://pharmacyregulation.org/
Notes for discussion:
Communication Skills - Being Open Framework
www.nrls.npsa.nhs.uk/beingopen
Notes for discussion:
The candidate has demonstrated learning from this reading
Candidates signature ……………………………
Date ………………………
Mentor signature…………………………………
Date ………..…………….
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Preparation Work B - Procedures and Policies
List organisational and department procedures relating to wards/clinical environments below.
Read and make notes on areas you think are most important to your understanding and
learning. Discuss these with your mentor (see q&a record sheet below)
Title
Date completed
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Question and Answer Review Form
Student and Mentor to document questions and answers during discussions below:
Q1.
Q2.
Q3.
Q4.
Q5.
Q6.
Q7.
Q8.
Q9.
Q10.
The candidate has demonstrated an understanding of knowledge and learning.
Candidates signature ………………………………… Date………………….……
Mentor signature……………………………………… Date……………………….
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Preparation Work C – Infection Control and Hand Hygiene
Task 1 Hand Hygiene
Task Completed
Read:
Clean hands save lives (Patient Safety Alert 2008) Ref:0773
Clean hands save lives hand cleaning techniques Ref:0773C
Both documents are available to download at
http://www.nrls.npsa.nhs.uk/resources/?entryid45=59848
Read and follow your organisations guidelines on Hand Hygiene
Complete observed hand washing check list (on next page)
Read the information below on Infection Control in Clinical Areas.
Q1. What have you learnt from the hand washing checklist (task 2)
Q2. What have you learnt from the clean hands save lives campaign documents?
Q3.How will you put this into practice?
Q4.What would you do if you saw someone on the wards not washing their hands/following
hygiene procedures correctly?
Q5.List at least four important things to remember when visiting wards in relation to infection
control and hand hygiene.
The candidate has demonstrated an understanding of above task.
Candidates signature ………………………………… Date………………….……
Mentor signature……………………………………… Date……………………….
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Task 2 HAND WASHING
CHECKLIST
Performed
Adequately
and
Completely
Turns the water and adjusts the temperature

Wets hands before applying hand washing agent

Step 1 – PALMS
Rubs palms together to create a lather and spreads the lather throughout hands

Step 2 – BACKS OF HANDS
Rubs right hand over back of left hand with fingers interlaced. Changes hands and
continues
Step 3 - INTERLACED
Rubs palms together with fingers interlaced. Changes hands and continues

Step 4 – CLASPED
Clasps fingers together, interlock and rub back of fingers into palms. Changes
hands and repeats

Step 5 – ROTATE ROUND THUMBS
Rotates right hand around left thumb and thumb tip. Rotates left hand around right
thumb and thumb tip

Step 6 - FINGERTIPS
Uses finger tips to cleanse centre of palms and tips of digits

Step 7 – WRISTS/FOREARMS
Rotates right hand around left writs. Rotates left hand around right wrist

All rings and wrist watches removed from fingers and hand Or
If wearing a plain wedding band; moves band to wash and dry under band



Rinses hands and shakes off excess water

Dries hands thoroughly from hand to wrist

Turns off tap without re-contaminating hands, using elbows or paper towels

Disposes of paper towels in household waste bag using foot pedal

Has taken at least 15 to 30 seconds to complete hand washing
Observation completed and hand washing performed adequately and completely.
Candidates signature ………………………………… Date…………………………
Mentor signature……………………………………… Date………………………...
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Infection Control on wards and in clinical areas
This section provides general information about how to deal with patients at ward level that
have or are vulnerable to infection and how to minimise the risk of spreading infection.
The aim of infection control is to prevent the spread of infection via equipment,
patients, staff and environment.
The following patients are most vulnerable to acquire infections:



Neonates/elderly patients, this is due to them having a less efficient immune system.
Drug therapy – use of immunosuppressive drugs, broad spectrum antimicrobials.
Patients undergoing surgery or instrumentation.
Invasive procedures eg catheterisation.
Likely Sources of Infection




Hands of staff involved with patient.
Objects.
Clothes.
Dust particles and droplets.
What you can do to minimise the risk of infection



Ensure your hands are washed according to hand washing procedures at ward level.
Wear protective clothing when advised to do so.
Use a ‘Non touch’ technique eg not touching bed linen, resting on equipment/
surfaces.
When working at ward level you should be aware of the above and prevent yourself being
put in a compromised position e.g. not intruding on a dressing change or not wearing
appropriate protection if the patient has an infection.
Barrier Nursing/Patient Isolation
On occasions patients are isolated in a side room for either
(a)
barrier nursing
(b)
reverse barrier nursing.
See below for explanation of these two terms.
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Barrier Nursing
The type of patient that would receive barrier nursing are those patients with MRSA,
contagious diseases, e.g. glandular fever and chicken pox.
They are barrier nursed to control the spread of pathogenic organisms. They can transmit
the infection to other patients, visitors and health care staff. The patient can be confined to a
single room with their own washing and toilet facilities where entry to the room is limited.
Staff needing to attend to the patient will need to wear protective clothing such as apron and
gloves (over-shoes and masks if more serious).
The patients file containing the drug chart should be kept outside the room, restricting the
number of staff needing to enter the room.
Look for:
A barrier nursing sign outside the door.
Isolation signs outside the door
Prescription chart outside the room.
Speak to the nurse in charge of that patient before entering the room.
If you do enter the room, ensure you adhere to the ward procedure for that patient.
Reverse Barrier Nursing
Reverse barrier nursing is used to protect the patient from sources of infection. Healthcare
staff attending the patient should wash their hands with a bacterial/cidal hand rub prior to
entry.
Speak to the nurse in charge of that patient before entering the room.
Always remember to:
Wash your hands before and after a ward visit.
If you come into contact with any infected person or immunocompromised patient wash
hands before and after visiting the patient, before you continue with your duties.
Ensure you speak to the nurse in charge if you are not sure what to do.
Follow organisational and department procedures on hand washing and infection control
Each organisation will have its own policies and procedures on infection control and
hand hygiene. These may change or be updated on a regular basis so make sure you
access the latest information for your organisation.
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Preparation Work D - Introductory Medicines Management Modules
Complete or be working towards the completion of the following workbooks from the
Yorkshire and Humber Medicines Management Training Scheme:
Title:
Date
started/completed
Introduction to: Communication Skills
Introduction to: Medicines Calculations
Related training programmes and schemes
Core Skills – Level 1 for National Accreditation
These are covered in three module workbooks within the Y&H Accredited Medicines
Management Training Scheme (AMMTS) which are:
o Module 1: Managing supplies for individual patients
o Module 2: Assessment of Patients own Drugs
o Module 3: Medicines History Taking Training Workbook and Assessment Workbook
To promote development and competence as a safe Registered Pharmacy Technician and
effective Medicines Management Practitioner, the following underpinning skills are also
assessed during accreditation:
o Communication skills
o Professional and interpersonal skills
o Clinical and problem solving skills
Optional Skills – Level 1 Regional Certification
The Y&H Medicines Management Training Scheme has been designed to support the
varied roles involved in medicines management and provides a variety of regional training
modules which are all relevant to the technician role today.
These are covered in module workbooks within the Y&H Medicines Management Training
Scheme which are:
o Inhaled Therapy
o Transcribing
o Anticoagulation
o Assessment for Self Administration
o Patient Counselling and Consultation Skills
o and the three introductory workbooks:
• Communication Skills
• Wards and Clinical Environments
• Medicines Calculations

The Yorkshire and Humber Accuracy Checking Technicians Training (ACT)
Scheme has been developed to train registered pharmacy technicians to confirm the
final accuracy check of dispensed items.
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Visit the MedsLearning website at https://www.ewin.nhs.uk/groups/medslearningresources/activity for more information on these and other training available to you in the
Yorkshire and Humber region.
Certificate in Continuing Professional Development for Pharmacy Technicians.

A level 4 HE qualification available from Huddersfield University. The full programme
supports accuracy checking, medicines management foundation skills and CPD skills.
NHS Pharmacy Education and Development Committee (NHSPEDC)

Nationally Recognised Competency Framework for Pharmacy Technicians: The
Assessment of Medicines Management Skills.

Nationally Recognised Framework for Final Accuracy Checking of Dispensed Items
for Pharmacy Technicians.
Visit the NHSPEDC website at www.nhspedc.nhs.uk for full details.
Y&H Pharmacy Development Unit (PDU) Study Days - Recommended:
Introduction to Medicines Management Study Day
Customer Care and Communications Study Day
For bookings visit https://ewin.nhs.uk/groups/medslearning-resources/events
Medicines Management e-learning modules - Optional
Provided by NHS Yorks & Humber, this is a useful online training programme, which is a
useful introduction to Medicines Management as a whole. There is a knowledge review at
the end of each module with a certificate of completion.
Visit https://www.ewin.nhs.uk/groups/medslearning/resources/item/5216/medicinesmanagement-training
To commence ANY medicines management training within Y&H region candidate induction
process should include:
A structured form of local medicines management induction process must be followed.
Organisational specific documents or Y&H approved documents must be used. Induction
should include:
Medicines Management study day and/or local induction day
CPD/Self reflection preparation
Shadowing Pharmacist/Senior Technician on wards
Online learning
Training and development plans
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Stage 2: Practical Activities
A. Ward Based Tasks and Activities
The following tasks and activities are designed to introduce you to the responsibilities and
work of a medicines management technician in a clinical setting. Most of the activities
involve shadowing a technician or a pharmacist during ward visits. There are also sections
that you are expected to complete on your own.
You will need to make notes, and write down questions and points for discussion throughout.
You will be assessed on these.
Reflection on learning is introduced here and is an important part of the learning cycle. A self
reflective learning log is used to record your thoughts on learning. It is also used throughout
other training programmes and schemes as part of the assessment process.
Here are the tasks you need to complete:
Task 3 Ward Clinical Area Visit
Task 4 Patient Case Study
Task 5 Drug Administration
Task 6 Supply (one-stop and non-stock)
Task 7 Patients own Drugs (PODs)
Task 8 Self Administration (SAM)
Task 9 Patient Counselling (Inhalers and Anticoagulation)
Task 10 Medicines Problems
Task 11 Medicines History Taking
Task 12 Transcribing
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Task 3 Ward Clinical Area Visit
Task Completed
Arrange a ward visit
Ask the ward pharmacist/technician to give you a brief induction to the
ward/clinical area you will be working on, including information
regarding the speciality, layout, and introductions to the different
personnel.
Also when discussing the layout of the area identify where information
regarding the patients is stored (patient notes, care plans and charts
also take a brief look at the different types of charts).
Ask the pharmacist/technician to outline briefly all the equipment
around a patient's bed/clinical area and how each piece of equipment
helps with the care of the patient. In particular identify where the nurse
call button is, so that in the event of an emergency you can call for
help.
Further Learning-Medical abbreviations see local policy
Complete a GPhC CPD record (this should start at reflection)
Q1. What have you learnt from this visit?
Q2. What staff did you meet and what were their roles on the ward?
Q3. How many charts did you identify and what were they?
Q4. What would you do in the event of an emergency on the ward you are visiting?
The candidate has completed the above task
Candidates signature ………………………………… Date………………….……
Mentor signature……………………………………… Date……………………….
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Task 4 Patient Case Study
Task Completed
Prepare information relating to one new patient, their reason for
admission/attendance and subsequent treatment.
Preview their PODs and document this according to organisational
SOPs.
Present this information to the ward clinical pharmacist/technician and
discuss the format of the medical and nursing notes, and the
information contained within them.
Read:
PODs procedures (see Preparation work B)
Q1. What problems did you encounter?
Q2. Did you find any errors? If yes what were they, and how will they be corrected?
Make notes below and discuss with your mentor.
The candidate has completed the above task
Candidates signature ………………………………… Date………………….……
Mentor signature……………………………………… Date……………………….
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Task 5 Drug Administration
Task Completed
Arrange a visit with a nurse
Accompany the nurse during a drug administration round.
Observe with particular reference to:
What problems face a ward nurse during their administration rounds?
How your input can improve the efficiency of this activity.
Identify if doses were given or not, and if not, what record of the
reason is kept.
Following the ward round, talk through your observations with the
medicines management technician/clinical pharmacist.
Read:
Common ward abbreviations (see appendix1)
Reducing harm from omitted and delayed medicines in hospital
(Feb2010) Rapid Response Report RRR009 (from your pre-reading)
NPC 5 Minute Guide Multidisciplinary Team Working in Medicines
Management www.npc.nhs.uk/five_min_guides.php (if available)
Q1. What staff did you meet and what were their roles on the ward?
Q2. What were your main observations?
Q3. What if anything went wrong during the drug round?
Q4. What did you learn from this visit?
The candidate has completed the above task
Candidates signature ………………………………… Date………………….……
Mentor signature……………………………………… Date……………………….
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Task 6 Supply of Medicines
Task Completed
Familiarise yourself with the process for supply of non-stock
medicines and one-stop medicines to the ward/clinical area.
Accompany a medicines management technician on their ward visit to
gain a clear understanding of the process involved before a request
for medicines arrives in pharmacy for supply.
Identify if there are any areas where discrepancies/problems may
occur with medicines getting to the patient accurately and promptly.
Read:
Supply SOPs (including non-stock items and one-stop supply)
Non formulary medicines SOPs
(see Preparation work B)
Y&H Medicines Management Supply Workbook
NPC 5 Minute Guide One Stop Dispensing
www.npc.nhs.uk/five_min_guides.php (if available)
Complete a self reflective log entry
Q1. How can effective management of supplies help patients, ward staff and pharmacy
workload?
Makes notes below and discuss this with your mentor.
Don’t forget to include situations where patients have missed doses
The candidate has completed the above task
Candidates signature ………………………………… Date………………….……
Mentor signature……………………………………… Date……………………….
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Task 7 Patients own Drugs (PODs)
Task Completed
Familiarise yourself with the process for the use of patients own drugs
on the ward/clinical area.
Accompany a medicines management technician on their ward visit to
gain a clear understanding of the process involved.
Identify if there are any areas where discrepancies/problems may
occur with medicines being re-used.
Read:
PODs and RUPO SOPs (see task 4 and preparation work B)
Medicines Management PODs Workbook
NPC 5 Minute Guide One Stop Dispensing & Re-using patients own
drugs www.npc.nhs.uk/five_min_guides.php (if available)
Complete a self reflective log entry.
Q1. Briefly describe the process for PODs below
Q2. Briefly list some of the communication methods used during your observations.
The candidate has completed the above task
Candidates signature ………………………………… Date………………….……
Mentor signature……………………………………… Date……………………….
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Task 8 Self Administration (SAM Scheme)
Task Completed
Familiarise yourself with the process for patients to self administer
medication on the ward/clinical area.
Accompany a medicines management technician on their ward visit to
gain a clear understanding of the process involved.
Identify any areas where discrepancies/problems may occur with
patients self medicating.
Read:
Self Administration of Drugs SOPs (see preparation work B)
Medicines Management Self Administration (SAM) Workbook
NPC 5 Minute Guide Self Administration of Medicines
www.npc.nhs.uk/five_min_guides.php (if available)
Complete a self reflective log entry
Q1. List any problems that were found during the ward visit
Q2. How were these problems solved?
The candidate has completed the above task
Candidates signature ………………………………… Date………………….……
Mentor signature……………………………………… Date……………………….
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Task 9 Patient Counselling
Task Completed
Familiarise yourself with the process for counselling patients.
Accompany a medicines management technician on their ward visit to
gain a clear understanding of the process involved in preparing to
counsel a patient.
Observe a patient counselling session on at least three occasions with
a variety of counselling needs.
Identify areas where problems may occur when counselling patients.
Read:
Patient Counselling SOPs (see Preparation work B)
Y&H Medicines Management: Patient Counselling and Consultation
Skills Module, (also look at Inhalers Module and Anticoagulation
Module if possible)
Y&H Medicines Management Communication Skills Module
Q1. What have you learnt from this visit?
Q2. Were there any problems encountered during the counselling sessions?
The candidate has completed the above task
Candidates signature ………………………………… Date………………….……
Mentor signature……………………………………… Date……………………….
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Task 10 Medicines Problems
Task Completed
Ask a clinical pharmacist/technician/mentor to identify a situation
when you can interact with a patient to resolve a single medicine
related problem.
Prior to this task discuss with the pharmacist /technician/ mentor how
to approach the situation, possible ways to resolve it and required
outcome.
Read:
SOP’s on patient consent, maintaining confidentiality (where
applicable)
NPC 5 Minute Guide Patients and their medicines
NPC 5 Minute Guide Reducing medication errors
www.npc.nhs.uk/five_min_guides.php (if available)
Q1. What have you learnt from this experience?
Q2. How did you prepare for the consultation?
Q3. Were there any other actions that you could have taken?
Q4. How did you feel about the planned interaction with the patient before and after?
The candidate has completed the above task
Candidates signature ………………………………… Date………………….……
Mentor signature……………………………………… Date……………………….
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Task 11 Medicines History Taking
Task Completed
1. Accompany a ward pharmacist /technician/mentor to observe them
interacting with a patient and taking a medication history.
2. Make notes on how they approached the situation, how the session
was conducted including any positive and negative points.
Make your notes
below
3. Comment on how / if you would have done it differently.
4. Identify areas where discrepancies/problems may occur when
taking a medication history.
Read:
Medicines History Taking SOPs (see Preparation work B)
Y&H Medicines Management -Medicines History Taking Training
Module
Q1. Make notes on :Types of patients/communication difficulties
Q2.
Q3.
Q4.
The candidate has completed the above task
Candidates signature ………………………………… Date………………….……
Mentor signature……………………………………… Date……………………….
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Task 12 Transcribing
Task Completed
Assess an example of a transcription where possible. (this could be
paper based or electronic)
Note any amendments, intentional or not and discuss with the clinical
pharmacist/technician.
Identify areas where discrepancies/problems may occur when
transcribing.
Read:
Transcribing SOPs (see Preparation work B)
Y&H Medicines Management Transcribing Module
Q1. What have you learnt from this experience?
Q2. What problems did you encounter?
The candidate has completed the above task
Candidates signature ………………………………… Date………………….……
Mentor signature……………………………………… Date……………………….
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B. Attendance at Study Days
Write down any study days you have attended or will be attending. Also include any CPD
that you have already completed or would like to complete related to medicines
management.
Y&H study day
Title
Date attended/booked
Introduction to Medicines Management
Customer Care and Communications
In-house study days
Title
Date attended/booked
CPD
Title
Date completed/booked
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Stage 3 Assessment and Completion
Assessment of Competence for Ward Based Role
Candidates Name:
Environments
Organisation:
You must demonstrate you have the following skills:
Module: Introduction to Ward/Clinical
Mentor signature
and date
Comments
Communication Skills
 Have appropriate interpersonal skills
(patients/ward staff/other members of multidisciplinary teams)
 Use effective and polite communication skills
 Demonstrate empathy and develop rapport with patients and carers
 Use a range of communication skills
Professional Skills
 Present a professional image
 Demonstrate confidence in work and abilities
 Ability to follow procedures and have safe systems of work
 Ability to work accurately and efficiently
 Demonstrate effective problem solving and decision making skills
 Demonstrate an awareness of ward issues
 Awareness of own limitations and when / how to refer
 Awareness and ability to maintain patient confidentiality
 Awareness of equality and diversity
 Ability to reflect on work and situations
Infection Control
 Identifies infection control hazards and responds accordingly
 Follows good hygiene procedures
I confirm that this candidate has completed the above assessments of competence.
Signed (Senior Technician/Pharmacist):__________________________ Name (Please print):
Signed (Candidate):
___________________ Date: ___________
___________________________________Date: __________________
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Introduction to Ward/Clinical Environments - Copyright © 2015 Health Education Yorkshire and the Humber
Summary of Achievements
Introduction to Ward/Clinical Environments
Candidate name………………………………….Organsiation……………………………………
All of the following criteria must be completed and signed by the authorised clinical
pharmacist or medicines management technician.
Requirement
Signature
Date
Stage 1 Preparatory Work
Essential and further reading
Procedures and Policies
Infection Control and Hand Hygiene (tasks 1+2)
Introductory Meds Management Modules
Stage 2 Practical Activities
Ward Based Tasks and Activities (tasks 3 to 12)
Study Days + CPD booked or completed
Stage 3 Assessments and Completion
Assessment of Competence sign off
Question and Answer Sessions sign off
Discussion sessions sign off
Completion of Self Reflective Logs x 3
I confirm that this candidate has completed the above requirements for this module.
Signed (Senior Technician/Pharmacist):__________________________________
Name (Please print):
_____________________________ Date: ___________
Signed (Candidate):
______________________________Date: ___________
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Confirmation of Completion of Module
Candidate’s Name:
Workplace Address:
Contact Telephone No:
Name of Module:
Comments from Senior Technician/Pharmacist:
I confirm that this candidate has completed the above module and passed all relevant
assessments.
Signed (Senior Technician/Pharmacist): ______________________________
Name (Please print): _____________________________ Date: ___________
Signed (Candidate): ______________________________________________
Please return this sheet to Pharmacy Development Unit, Baines Wing, School of
Healthcare, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9UT
[email protected]
A certificate of completion will be issued to Yorkshire and Humber pharmacy staff on receipt
from a recognised mentor.
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Appendix 1 - Common Abbreviations
Abbreviations are commonly used at ward level they may be used to describe symptoms,
diagnosis, treatments, routes of administration etc.
*This document lists common abbreviations which may be used on wards*
Supply Abbreviations
Supply abbreviations are annotated onto the drug chart by either the ward based pharmacy
technician or the ward pharmacist.
S
TTO
CD
POD
- Stock item on ward
- TTO stock on ward
- Controlled drug item
- Patients own drugs
Route Abbreviations
The table below lists ‘route’ abbreviations; these indicate how the patient will receive their
medication.
PO
- orally
Top
- topically
PR
- rectally
IT
- intrathecally
PV
- vaginally
IA
- intra-articular
IV
- intravenously
Buccal
- (between upper lip and gum)
SC
- subcutaneously
S/L
- sublingually
IM
- intramuscularly
IO
- intra-ocular
Inh
- inhalation
Neb
- nebulisation
Peg
- enteral feeding
NG
- naso-gastric tube
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Administration of treatment abbreviations
Nursing staff will sign the drug chart each time they administer a drug to the patient. If the
drug is not administered then they need to document why by putting a number instead of
their signature. This number should be written red ink and the reason why should be written
in more detail on the back of the drug chart.
The numbers represent the following reasons;
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Patient away from ward
Patient could not take dose
Patient refused
Dose not available
Omitted at nurse’s discretion
Dr requested omission
Self administered
Nil by mouth
Important
Medicines Management Pharmacy Technicians need to take note of any 4. Dose not
available.
The Pharmacy Technician must investigate why the dose was not available.
If the item is on the ward then they must notify the nurse and pharmacist.
If the item was not available on the ward, the Pharmacy Technician must question why and
action. (Is the item a to-follow? Was the item ordered?)
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Below is a list of abbreviations, which are commonly used, that may be useful when
working at ward level.
AF
ARF
Atrial Fibrillation
Acute Renal Failure
HT
IDDM
AML
AXR
Bx
BP
Ca
CABG
Acute Myeloid Leukaemia
Abdominal X-ray
Biopsy
Blood Pressure
Carcinoma
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
IBD
IHD
LFT
LVF
JVP
MI
Hypertension
Insulin Dependent Diabetes
Mellitus
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Ischaemic Heart Disease
Liver Function Test
Left Ventricular Failure
Jugular Venous Pressure
Myocardial Infarction
CCU
CCF
Coronary Care Unit
Congestive Cardiac Failure
MSU
NAD
Mid-Stream urine
Nothing Abnormal Detected
CK
Creatinine Kinase
NIDDM
CNS
CVA
Central Nervous System
Cerebro-Vascular Accident
OA
PC
Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes
Mellitus
Osteoarthritis
Presenting Complaint
CXR
COA(P)D
PE
PEFR
Pulmonary Embolism
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate
CRF
CHD
DH
DU
DVT
ECG
EEG
ESRD
Chest X-ray
Chronic Obstructive Airways
(pulmonary) Disease
Chronic Renal Failure
Coronary Heart Disease
Drug History
Duodenal Ulcer
Deep Vein Thrombosis
Electrocardiograph
Electroencephalogram
End Stage Renal Disease
PMH
RA
SE
SOB
SOBOE
OA
THR
T4
Previous Medical History
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Side Effect
Short of Breath
Shortness of Breath on Exertion
Osteoarthritis
Total Hip Replacement
Thyroxine (Levothyroxine)
etOH
Ethanol
TFT
Thyroid Function Test(s)
FBC
Full Blood Count
TSH
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
Fe
FeSO4
GORD
Iron
Ferrous Sulphate
Gastro-Oesphageal Reflux
Disease
Gastric Ulcer
Heart Rate
U&E
US
URTI
Urea and Electrolytes
Ultrasound
Upper Respiratory Tract
Infection
Urinary Tract Infection
GU
HR
UTI
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Appendix 2 – Yorkshire and Humber Medicines Management
Training Scheme
The Scheme enables pharmacy technicians to ensure the effective use of patient’s own
medication. It also aims to develop a professional interaction between patients, pharmacy
staff and health care professionals in the provision of medicines management.
The pharmacy technician must complete the introductory pre-course workbooks prior to
attending the study days. Following the Introduction to Medicines Management study day
pharmacy technicians will need to complete a portfolio of evidence.
An Introduction to Medicines Management Study Day, is held each October/November.
Stage 1 Introductory Skills/Induction
Introductory 1 - Introduction to ward/clinical environments
Introductory 2 – Communication Skills
Introductory 3 - Medicines Calculations
Stage 2 Core Skills Level 1 National Accreditation
Assessment of patient's own drugs, PODS
Managing Supply of Medicines
Medicines History Taking
Optional Skills Level 1 Regional Certification
Patient counselling & consultation skills
Inhaled Therapy
Transcribing
Anticoagulation
Substance Users – Supervised Administration Needle Exchange (plus interactive program)
Assessment for self-medication, SAM
Stage 3 Advanced - Mentoring
Y&H Mentors - Mentoring trainees (included within Mentor Study Day)
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Appendix 4 - Competency Levels
Organisations may use competency levels to indicate which areas of work could be covered
by appropriately trained medicines management staff.
As the medicines management role is developed in-line with service improvement and
national standards, different skills and expertise are needed to cover these developments.
Full training and competency assessment is given to staff for each area of medicines
management they are responsible for. See appendix 2 for full details of the Yorkshire and
Humber Medicines Management Framework.
The table below shows how 4 competency levels might be used to provide a medicines
management service but it is important to remember that each organisation will have its own
policies and procedures for training and utilising staff in medicines management roles.
Competency Levels-an example
Task/responsibility
Assess Patients Own Medication for re-use
Level 1
*
Annotate drug chart with supply information
*
Create a Pharmacy profile card
*
Maintain sufficient supplies on ward
*
Follow-up transfer of medication and pharmacy
profile card
Obtain Medication History
*
Level 2
*
Inhaler Counselling
*
Anticoagulation Counselling
*
Transcribe-Accurately transcribe items for discharge
onto a discharge prescription
Limitations of Medicines Management staff role
Level 4
*
Medication History –Document in medical notes
Transcribing-Accurately transcribe items onto a
profile card
Transcribing-Liaise with prescriber
Level 3
*
*
*
It is extremely important that the member of staff is aware of their own limitations and must
always refer issues outside of their training and abilities to the ward pharmacist/senior staff
member.
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Appendix 5 - Self Reflective Log
Self Reflective Log
Yorkshire and Humber Medicines Management Training Scheme
Candidates Name:..............................................Organisation:...............................................Module Title:.......................................................................
Log
Number
1.
2.
3.
Date
Reflective log title
Area of practice covered
Page/section/title/activity
reference
Mistake made whilst completing PODs
Communication with patient
NPSA Report RRR009
error
Self improvement
New learning
e.g. task 4
Candidate
Initials
Mentor
Initials
e.g. Preparation Work A
– Reading
4.
5.
6.
You must complete at least three reflective logs for this module.
Please give your reflective log a suitable title and state what area of practice it covers. (Think about how you would fill in your CPD entries)
Area of practice could be a situation or an event involving: errors made, good practice, new learning, peer discussion, new situation, something
you could have done better, something you could improve, a new idea to improve a service, etc.
Please reference the page number, and the section, or the activity the self reflective log refers to.
(Examples in blue type above)
Extract taken from GPhC Plan and Record Guidance for CPD (Version ii)
The GPhC describes reflection as thinking about things: your practice as a pharmacy technician, identifying change, or developing yourself
professionally. It also includes thinking about when things go wrong or not the way you thought they should have: analysing what happened
and thinking about how to prevent it happening again. Reflection can also be thinking about conversations you had with colleagues or
something you have read.
Evaluation of your learning from a situation is also reflection. It means reflecting on (thinking about) what you have learnt and if it has helped
you and benefited what you do in your job and how you work.
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Candidate
Name......................................................Organisation.......................................................................
Reflective Log Title............................................................. Module Title................................................
Date:
The details:
Describe what
happened.
(thinking about
the action)
Writing down the details helps you look back on the situation and clearly
identify what happened. This way you can think about your
understanding of the situation, what you did and what you are learning
as you record it here.
How did it make
you feel?
(thinking about
emotions)
Thinking about your emotions means learning from how you felt at the
time. Did you feel stressed? Or were you anxious? Were you confident
in the situation? Calm? Did you feel happy or relieved that everything
went well?
It’s important to reflect on your emotions because they tell you a lot
about how well you cope in various situations. This often depends on
your knowledge, skills and abilities.
Why was it
important to you?
(thinking about
your
development)
Here you might ask yourself how well you did, what you could have
done better, and how you can improve. You might realise you need to
know more and set in place some more learning.
What have you
learnt?
(Evaluation)
Ask yourself what you have actually learnt from what happened that you
can now use in your day to day work? What can you do better because
of this learning? Have you put in place anything new (either for yourself,
your colleagues or pharmacy services) due to your learning.
Mentors Comments:
Signature of Candidate...................................................................Date...................................................
Mentors Signature..........................................................................Date..................................................
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Appendix 6 - Continuing Professional Development
Evaluation (Reflection on Learning)
Having completed this module you may wish to use this page to reflect on your learning
experience and add it to your GPhC CPD record.
CPD No.:
_____________________________ Entry No.:
Name of Entry:
_____________
___________________________________________________
Date learning undertaken:
_____/_____/_____
Time taken:
_____________
Action:
U1
Please describe the activity you have undertaken
(Describe the activity you carried out, being specific about the details)
U2
To which areas of competence does this learning relate?
(If you cannot find any competences that match, write your own.)
U3
What have you learnt as a result?
(Briefly describe what you learnt from doing the activities.)
Evaluation (Reflection on learning)
U4
Please describe an example of how you have applied this learning.
(Give an example of how you have used what you have learnt.)
U5
Describe any feedback you have had.
(This might include users of your services/products, staff and colleagues. The learning may have had an impact on
you, for example by affecting your confidence or motivation, and you should record this. Feedback may come in
many forms, for example, verbally, through surveys, or through statistics on performance.)
U6
Have you identified any learning needs as a result of undertaking this activity? (Tick box)
(If so, start a new CPD record that starts with Reflection)
 Yes
 No
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