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Network Operating Systems (NOS)
Networking Theory & Applications (CIS 291)
Mourad Bouguerra
[email protected]
University of Fraser Valley (UFV)
September 2016
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Lesson’s Outline
1
Terminology
2
Network Operating Systems (NOS)
3
Utilities
Command Line Tools
Networking Configuration Files
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Program, Process, & Thread
Program
An executable file residing on secondary storage device such
as a Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
4 c:\windows\system32\ping.exe
4 /bin/ping
Process
An executable instance of a program
residing on Random Access Memory
(RAM). It is a self-contained
execution environment with its own
private set of basic run-time
resources: memory space
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Thread
A thread exists within a process.
Every process has at least one thread.
Threads within the same process
share the same memory space
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Class Activity
. What is the relationship between
À program & process
Á process & thread
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Multi-programming, -tasking, -threading, -user & -processing
Multiprogramming
An Operating Systems
(OS) that can load
many programs into
Random Access
Memory (RAM)
Multithreading
An Operating Systems
(OS) that can run
multiple threads of the
same process
concurrently
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Multitasking
An Operating Systems (OS) that can run multiple
tasks concurrently
À Single Core Processor:Parallelism Illusion
Á Multi (Core) Processor: True Parallelism
Multiuser
An Operating Systems
(OS) that allows
multiple users on
different computers or
terminals to access a
single system
Network Operating Systems (NOS)
Multiprocessing
A computer with more
than one central
processor unit (CPU) or
one core processor
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Class Activity
. Which of the following definitions
refer to hardware?
À
Á
Â
Ã
Ä
mulitprogramming
multitasking
multithreading
multiuser
multitprocessing
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Network Operating Systems (NOS)
. Network operating systems (NOS) for
Intermediary Device
A specialized OS embedded
in router or switch
4 Cisco Internetworking
Operating System (IOS)
End Devices
An OS installed in a
computer that provides
networking services
4 Linux Centos
4 Microsoft Windows Server
2012
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Network Operating Systems (NOS)
. Network operating systems (NOS)
Multitasking
capable of
executing multiple
threads or
processes
concurrently
Multiuser
allows access to
shared resources
by a number of
users concurrently
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Multiprocessing
can have more
than one (core)
processor
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Hardware For NOS
. A computer that hosts a NOS should provide additional
RAM
to support multitasking,
multiprogramming
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HDD
to store shared files, and extends
RAM
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Minimum Hardware Requirements
. Specifies the requirements a computer hardware must
at least meet
- to succeed installing an operating system (OS)
RAM
RAM Size
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CPU
CPU Speed
HDD
Graphics
HDD Size Graphics Card
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Windows Server 2012 Minimum Hardware Requirements
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Class Activity
. What are the minimum hardware
requirements for installing Linux
CentOS 7 Server
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Installing Linux CentOs Server
. Start the installation until you reach
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Installing Linux CentOs Server
. Select SOFTWARE SELECTION
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Installing Linux CentOs Server
. You can select the server role
4 Web Server
4 Print Server
4 DNS Server
4 E-Mail Server
4 File Server
4 Backup Server
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Selection Server Role
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Selection Server Role
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Selection Server Role
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Basic Networking Command-Line Tools
Basic Networking Command Line Tools
Linux/Unix
Windows
Used to
display TCP/IP
ifconfig
ipconfig
network configuration
test connectivity
ping
ping
between network devices
view the hops a packet takes
traceroute
tracert
from one device to another
for querying DNS to
nslookup/dig nslookup
obtain specific DNS records
arp
arp
manage the arp cache
display TCP/IP statistics
netstat
netstat
and connections
route
route
manage the routing table
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Networking Configuration Files
Windows
Can be found in c:\windows\system32\drivers\etc
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Networking Configuration Files
File Name
hosts
networks
protocol
services
Description
This file contains the mappings of
IP addresses to host names
This file contains network name/network
number mappings for local networks
This file contains the Internet protocols
This file contains port numbers for
well-known services defined by IANA
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Networking Configuration Files
Linux
. Can be found in
/ /etc
. For Red Hat/Fedora/CentOS
/ /etc/sysconfig/
. For Ubuntu/Debian
/ /etc/network/interfaces
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Networking Configuration Files
File Name
hosts
resolve.conf
nsswitch.conf
network
interfaces
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Description
Lists hosts to be resolved
locally (not by DNS)
List DNS servers for internet
domain name resolution
List order of host name search.
Typically look at local files,
then NIS server, then DNS server
Specify network configuration.
eg. Static IP, DHCP
Specify network configuration
and devices. eg. Static IP
and info, DHCP
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Class Activity
. Check the content of Networking
Configuration files in?
À Linux CentOS
Á Windows
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