Download GST_115_assignment_3_1

Name: Ayeboua Favour
College: Medicine and Health Sciences
Department: Medicine and Surgery
Date:17/10/2016
GST 115
What is meant by the term Connectivity Hardware with atleast
10 examples. Connectivity hardware is the hardware that allows
computer to be physically connected to different types of networks. It
describes the extensive process of connecting various parts of
network to another. Common Connectivity Hardware includes:
1. The network interface card (NIC)
2.The hub
3. The switch
3.The bridge
4. The router
5. The gateway
6. Wi-Fi cards
7. Access points
8. Modems
9. BROUTER
10. Repeaters
NIC
The network interface card (NIC), as its name suggests, is the expansion
card you install in your computer to connect, or interface, your computer
to the network. This device provides the physical, electrical, and
electronic connections to the network media. NICs are either an
expansion card (the most popular implementation) or built in to the
motherboard of the computer. In most cases, a NIC connects to the
computer through expansion slots. An expansion slot connects expansion
cards that are plugged in to a slot in the main computer assembly through
a deceptively simple-looking connector, which is known as a bus. In
some notebook computers, NIC adapters can be connected to the printer
port or through a PC card slot.
Hub
A hub is the device that connects all the segments of that network
together. Every device in the network connects directly to the hub
through a single cable. Any transmission received on one port will be
rebroadcast to all the other ports in the hub. So, if one station sends it, all
the others receive it, but only the intended recipient listens to it.
Switch
It is similar to a hub, though; a switch connects multiple segments of a
network together, with one important difference. Whereas a hub
rebroadcasts anything it receives on one port to all the others, a switch
makes a direct link between the transmitting device and receiving device.
Any party not involved in that communication will not receive the
transmission. The benefit of a switch over a hub is that the switch
increases performance because it doesn’t suffer from the wasted
bandwidth of the extra transmissions.
Bridge
A bridge is a network device that connects two similar network segments
together. The primary function of a bridge is to keep traffic separated on
both sides of the bridge. Traffic is allowed to pass through the bridge only
if the transmission is intended for a station on the opposite side. The main
reason for putting a bridge in a network is to connect two segments
together, or to divide a busy network into two segments.
Router
A router is a network device that connects multiple, often dissimilar,
network segments into an internetwork. The router, once connected, can
make intelligent decisions about how best to get network data to its
destination based on network performance data that it gathers from the
network itself.
Gateways
A gateway is any hardware and software combination that connects
dissimilar network environments. Gateways are the most complex of
network devices because they perform translations at multiple layers of
the OSI model. For example, a gateway is the device that connects a LAN
environment to a mainframe environment. The two environments are
completely different. LAN environments use distributed processing,
baseband communications, and the ASCII character set. Mainframe
environments use centralized processing, broadband and baseband
communications, and the EBCDIC character set. Each of the LAN
protocols is translated to its mainframe counterpart by the gateway
software. Another popular example is the e-mail gateway. Most LANbased e-mail software, such as Novell’s GroupWise and Microsoft’s
Exchange, can’t communicate directly with Internet mail servers without
the use of a gateway. This gateway translates LAN-based mail messages
into the SMTP format that Internet mail uses.
Wi-Fi cards
WIFI is a technology that allows electronic devices to connect to laptops
that have cellular modem card can also act as mobile internet WIFI access
points. Wi-Fi cards are small, easily portable cards that allow your
desktop or laptop computer the capability to connect to the internet
through a wireless network.
ACCESS POINTS
In a wireless local area network (WLAN), an access point is a station that
transmits and receives data it is sometimes referred to as a transceiver. An
access point helps to connect users to other users within the network and
it can also serve as the point of interconnection between the WLAN and a
fixed wire network.
MODEMS
A modem (modulator-demodulator) is a network hardware device that
modulates one or more carrier wave signals to encode digital information
for transmission and demodulates signals to decode the transmitted
information.
BROUTER
It is a network bridge and a router combined in a single product while a
bridge is a device that connects one local area network to another local
area network that uses the same protocol.
REPEATER
Is an electronic device that receives a signal and retransmits they are used
in transmission systems to regenerate analog or digital signals distorted
by transmission loss. In details, a repeater is a device that receives a
digital signals on an electromagnetic or optional transmission medium
and regenerates the signals along the next leg of the medium.