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Virtual Observatory Current trends and development Xiaowei Liu Peking University University College London University College London & Peking University Topics ● ● (Practical) Efforts towards a VO (sci., tech.) European activities and reaction to the concept of VOs ● SRM - conferences on VOs ● Data-mining (a common problem) University College London & Peking University ➔ Archive ➔ Research proposals Legacy Archive Research proposals (cycle 11) – The project should perform a homogeneous analysis of a welldefined subset of data in the HST Archive. – The main goal should be to provide a homogeneous set of calibrated data and/or ancillary data products (catalogs, software tools, web interfaces etc.) to the scientific community. – The results of the project should enable a variety of new and important types of scientific investigations. University College London & Peking University University College London & Peking University Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) ISO carried out 26000 observations during its 28 months lifetime. University College London & Peking University First look Whole archive downloaded twice! University College London & Peking University ESO VLT Approaching space-borne obs. mode: ➢Standardisation of data taking ➢ Service observations ➢ P2PP - Observation blocks University College London & Peking University University College London & Peking University Trends and conclusions ● ● Large data set from space borne mission, Standardisation of ground-based observations and systematically data archiving Data-mining becomes a very important aspect of research New sciences possible VOs University College London & Peking University National Virtual Observatory Graphics from US NVO project University College London & Peking University Astrovirtel An European Project University College London & Peking University Approved Astrovirtel proposals University College London & Peking University First significant discovery based on Astrovirtel First discovered by Millis R., Elliot J. L., Wasserman L H., NOAO PR01-10, 2 July 2001, with an estimated R = 960 km. Latest estimate using Astrovirtel yields: d = 43 AU, R = 1200 km (Hahn G, et al., ESO PR 23 Aug. 2001) University College London & Peking University Astrophysical Virtual Observatory Proposal submitted to EC in February 2001 Consortium: ESO, ESA/ST-ECF, CDS Strassbourg, terapix IAP Paris, Astrogrid UK, Jodrell Bank AVO Science Working Group ➢ Activities - AVO science Piero Benvenuti (ST-ECF) Email: [email protected] - Archive interoperability Deadline: September 21st 2001 - Technological infrastructure ➢ Phase A - Realistic test bed for GRID-type distributed infrastructures - Address and verify against existing archive for: ➢ ➢ Quality and availability of calib. pipelines & calib. data Characterisation of the PSF or seeing over the filed of the images Limiting magnitudes and surface brightness Photometrical conditions, astrometry characterisation - Analysis tools for large distributed data set - Policy: Open on-line facility or Controlled infrastructure with dedicated funds or specialised assistance, selection via standard "Call for proposals" - Phase B design University College London & Peking University UK PPARC -Long Term Science Review University College London & Peking University University College London & Peking University University College London & Peking University AstroGrid project • • • • developed during LTSR proposal to PPARC October 2000 three year project one year Phase A study – – – – community consultation science requirements analysis benchmark tests pilot database federations • we need use-cases.... Andy Lawrence NAM 2001 Cambridge Phase B - preliminary • uniform AstroGrid interface • data-mining machines connected in grid • tool for simultaneous browsing – plus advanced visualisation, links to spectra etc. • tools for advanced database analysis – advanced querying, mixture fitting, statistical manipulations etc. • tools for on-line data analysis – statistics, model fitting • system for uploading code Andy Lawrence NAM 2001 Cambridge Conferences on Virtual Observatories ➢ VOs of the Future (SRM for NVO) (Caltech, Pasadena, June 13 - 16, 2000) - Explore the possibilities for new astronomy with large digital sky surveys - Define the technical needs and the mandate for the future NVO (GVO) Overviews of existing efforts; New science with a VO; Hardware & network; Statistics & data mining; Data format & visualization, archive interoperability; Education & public outreach ➢ Mining the Sky (MPA/ESO/MPE Garching, German, July 31 - August 4, 2000) - Numerical and statistical analysis of large astronomical datasets - Large-scale computer simulations - Data mining ➢ Astronomical Data Analysis Software & Systems X (SAO, Boston, November 12-15, 2000) - Astronomy technologies; Sky surveys; Public outreach - Software development history, methodologies & technologies - Science data pipelines; IRAF, DS9, AIPS++, FITS, IDL, Linux, Cobra University College London & Peking University Conferences on Virtual Observatories ➢ Theoretical Data in Virtual Observatories (Tucson, Mar. 20-21, 2001) ➢ New Astrophysics and Cosmology with a Virtual Observatory Science with Wide-Field Survey Telescopes (Aspen Center for Physics, May 27-June 10, 2001) ➢ Statistical Challenges in Modern Astronomy III (Penn State, July 18-21, 2001) ➢ SPIE 46th Ann. Meeting, Conf. 4477 on Astron. Data Analysis (San Diego, July 29-August 3, 2001) - Data Mining: Sky Survey Data Analysis, Detection, Classification - Data Modeling, Background Estimation, Cosmic Ray Removal, ... - Data Analysis and Statistical Methods - Image Compression, Databases, Information Retrieval,... - Virtual Observatory, Computational Grids - Autonomous Agents, Distributed Computing Environments,... University College London & Peking University Conferences on Virtual Observatories ➢ Joint European and National Astronomical Meeting Joint Discussion 2: Virtual Observatory (Munich, September 10-15, 2001) - What is a virtual observatory? - Why do we need a virtual observatory? - Virtual Observatory activities in Europe, JAPAN, and USA - Oral and Poster Contributions - General Discussion University College London & Peking University University College London & Peking University University College London & Peking University University College London & Peking University University College London & Peking University Virtual Observatories - New Opportunity, New Challenge ● ● The ever-increasing amount of high-quality scientific data stored in various astronomical archives is becoming a `source' that can be utilised by research teams in an equivalent fashion to observing with a `physical' telescope at a ground or spacebased observatory – "Observatory": A connected and interoperating set of astron. archives – "Telescopes": Network of archives – "Instruments": Suite of software tools to query and analyse the data Case for a Chinese National Virtual Observatory – Unavoidable – Observations driven and oriented, more balanced researches – Fast track, Cost-effective – SRM or SWG University College London & Peking University