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Chapter 9: Sediments and
Sedimentary Rocks
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What is Sediment?
What Happens When Sediment is Moved?
How Does Sediment Change Into a
Sedimentary Rock?
What Are the Main Types of
Sedimentary Rocks?
What do Sedimentary Structures Tell Us About?
Depositional Conditions?
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Sediment Particles and
Clastic Sedimentary Rocks
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Table 9.1
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Sorting of Sediment
by a River
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Figure 9.2
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Lithification of Sand Grains
to Become Sandstone
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Figure 9.6
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Accumulation of
Feldspar-Rich Sand
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Figure 9.11
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Poorly Sorted Sediment of Sand Grains
Surrounded by a Matrix of Silt and Clay
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Figure 9.12
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Turbidity Current Flow Downslope
Along the Sea Floor
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Figure 9.13
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Outcrop of Queenston Formation Shale
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Photo by N. Eyles
Figure 9.14
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Lithification of Shale from Compaction
and Cementation of Wet Mud
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Figure 9.15
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Living Coral-Algal Reef Sheds
Bioclastic Sediment into the
Fore-reef and Back-reef Environments
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Figure 9.17
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Chemical Sedimentary Rocks
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Table 9.2
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Bedding and Cross-Bedding
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Photo by N. Eyles
Figure 9.26
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Bedform Stability Diagram for Flows
Approximately 1 m Deep
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Box 9.2 – Figure 1
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Ripples Formed in Fine Sand
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Photo by N. Eyles
Box 9.2 – Figure 2
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Ripples Formed in Coarse-Grained Sands
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Photo by N. Eyles
Box 9.2 – Figure 3
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Horizontally Laminated
Course-Grained Sands
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Photo by N. Eyles
Box 9.2 – Figure 4
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Development of Cross-Bedding in
Wind-Blown Sand (A, B) and
Current-Deposited Sand (C, D)
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Figure 9.28
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Development of Ripple Marks
in Loose Sediment
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Figure 9.28
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Development of a Graded Bed of
Sediment Deposited by a
Turbidity Current
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Figure 9.31
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Geological Formations of Upper
Ordovician to Silurian Age Exposed in
Niagara Gorge, Ontario
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Photo by N. Eyles
Figure 9.31
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Geological Formations of Upper
Ordovician to Silurian Age Exposed in
Niagara Gorge, Ontario
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Photo by N. Eyles
Figure 9.35
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Sediment Deposits Transported
Away from Source Area
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Figure 9.36
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Characteristics of the Salt Wash Member
of the Morrison Formation that Help
Locate Its Source Area
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Figure 9.37
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
The Common Sedimentary
Environments of Deposition
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Figure 9.38
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Sedimentary Basics Associated with
Convergent Plate Boundary
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Figure 9.41
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Divergent Plate Boundary Showing Thick
Wedges of Gravel and Course Sand
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Figure 9.41
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Answers to Selected
Testing Your Knowledge
Questions
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15. B
24. A
16. B
25. B
17. D
26. B
18. B
27. C
19. B
28. A
20. D
21. B
22. B
23. A
Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks
Additional Resources
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Chapter 9: Sediments and Sedimentary
Rocks