Download Warm ocean current that develops off of the western coast of South

Hydrosphere Test Review Terms
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Groundwater
flood
Solution
Runoff
Suspension
Freshwater
Infiltration
Phosphates –
Eutrophication
Salinity
Evaporation
Precipitation
rejuvination
Stream banks
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Condensation
Glaciers and polar ice caps
Carrying capacity
Carbonic acid
Hard water
Headwater erosion
Bed load
Watershed
Lake
Divide
Meander
Aquifer
subsidence
Atmosphere Terms
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Gases
Water vapor
Nitrogen, oxygen, Carbon dioxide
Ozone
Global warming
Temperature inversions
Condensation nuclei
Koeppen System
Ceilometer
Analog
Tornado
Coalescence
Acid precipitation (rain)
Ice age
Climatology
Jet stream
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Storm surge
Radiosonde
Coriolis effect
Dew point
Station model
Weather
Climate
Latent heat
Radiation
Convection
Conduction
Temperate, tropical, and polar zones
Smog
Particulate matter
Source regions (cP, mT, mP, and cT)
Layers of the atmosphere
El Nino
Trade winds, polar easterlies,
prevailing westerlies
A tranfer of energy through
space by electromagnetic waves
radiation
Current short term variations in
the atmosphere
weather
Associated with severe storms
known as supercells
tornado
Increase in temperature with height
in an atmospheric layer and acts as a
lid and worsens air pollution
problems
Temperature inversion
Transfer of energy that occurs
when molecules collide
conduction
Includes annual variations in
temperature and precipitation,
which are influenced by latitude,
closeness of lakes and oceans,
topography, wind patterns, and air
masses
climate
Warm ocean current that develops
off of the western coast of South
America and can cause short-term
climatic changes felt worldwide
El Nino
Winds that lie between 60
degrees latitude and the poles
Polar easterlies
Winds caused by rotation of the
earth on its axis
Coriolis effect
Balloon borne package of sensors
that gathers upper-level
temperature, air pressure, and
humidity
Radiosonde
Small particles of material a such
as ash, dust, pollen and asbestos
Particulate matter
Rise in global temperatures, which
may be due to increases in
atmospheric carbon dioxide from
deforestation and burning of fossil
fuels.
Global warming
Forecasting that compares current
weather patterns to patterns that
took place in the past
analog
Study of Earth’s climate in order to
understand and predict climatic
change, based on past and present
variations in temperature,
precipitation, wind and other
weather variables
climatology
Divides climates into five basic
types, based on the mean monthly
values of temperature and
precipitation and types of vegetation
Koeppen classification system
Period of extensive glacial
coverage, producing long term
climatic changes
Ice age
Yellow-brown haze caused by
chemical reaction of sunlight on
hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides
from auto exhaust systems
smog
Areas of Earth that extend between
23.5 degrees and 66.5 degrees north
and south of the equator and have
moderate temperatures
Temperate zones
Sulfur dioxide emissions from coal
burning power plants combined
with atmospheric moisture
Acid precipitation
Areas on Earth where solar radiation
strikes at a low angle, resulting in
temperatures that are nearly always
cold; extends from 66.5 degrees
north and south of the equator to
the poles
Polar zones
Area of Earth that receives the most
solar radiation, is generally warm
year round, and extends between
23.5 degrees south and 23.5 degrees
north of the equator
tropics
State of matter that is found in
the atmosphere
gases
Source of rain, clouds, and snow
Water vapor
Record of weather data for a
particular site at a particular time
Station model
Gases the atmosphere is mainly
composed
Nitrogen and oxygen
Gas contained in stratopshere which
blocks harmful uv radiation from the
sun
ozone
Small particles in atmosphere
around which droplets form such as
ash, pollen, dust
Condensation nuclei
Measures height of cloud layers and
estimates the amount of sky
covered by clouds
Ceilometer
Process in which cloud droplets
collide to form larger droplets
Coalescence
Mound of water driven toward
coastal areas by hurricane winds
Storm surge
Temperature to which air must be
cooled at constant pressure to reach
saturation, temperature at which
condensation occurs
Dew point
Narrow bands of fast, highaltitude westerly winds
Jet Stream
Heat that is stored in a substance
Latent heat
Transfer of energy by the flow of
a heated substance
convection
Winds that occur 30 degrees
north and south latitude
Trade winds
wind that flows between 30 – 60
degrees north and south latitude
Prevailing westerlies
The ground that borders a stream
and holds the water within the
confines of the channel
Stream banks
Combination of carbon dioxide
and water
Carbonic acid
Water that contains calcium
Hard water
Increased nutrients cause increase
in aquatic plant growht,
decomposition of plants reduces
dissolved oxygen in water causing
fish kill
Eutrophication
Locations where most freshwater
is found on Earth
Glaciers and polar ice caps
Change of state of matter from
gas to a liquid
Condensation
Elevated land that divides one
watershed, or drainage basin from
another
Divide
Affects the density of seawater
Salinity
Too large to be carried in suspension
Rolls along the bottom of the stream
Bed load
Water spills over the sides of a
stream’s banks
flood
3% of earth’s water
Freshwater
Reduction of water pressure by
overuse causing sinking of land
subsidence
Process in which water enters
the earth
Infiltration
Steams ability to transport
sediments
Carrying capacity
A bend or curve in a stream
channel
Meander
Plays an important role in
eutrophication of lakes
Phosphates
Causes lengthening of a steam
Headwater erosion
A stream resumes the process of
downcutting
rejuvination
Small particles such as silt, clay and
sand carried in a stream
Suspension
Natural or man made body of water
that can form when a depression on
land fills with water
Lake
Land area drained by a stream
system
Watershed
permeable rock layers or sediments that
store and transmit groundwater freely
Aquifer
In a stream, created when materials
such as silica, calcium, and sodium
dissolve within the streams water
Solution
Water that flows downslope on
earths surface
Runoff
Major source of freshwater in US
Groundwater
All solid and liquid forms of
water that fall from clouds
Precipitation
Change in state of matter from
liquid to a gas, this occurs to most
precipitation that falls on land
Evaporation