Download Utilization of GIS for Natural Resources and

Utilization of GIS for Natural
Resources and Environmental
Management
Dr Noordin Ahmad
National Space Agency (ANGKASA)
QUESTION:
Can the earth continue to provide and
regenerate the resources we need for
supporting life and encourage
development?…
Natural resources and environment is:
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an economical issue.
a financial issue.
a personal issue
Political!.
Features of Natural Resources
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Source of wealth
Relate to environment
Covers large areas (cross boundaries and
administrative jurisdictions)
Depleting asset and difficult to recover
(Preservation, conservation, protection)
Multidisciplinary, multi agencies
Characteristics of the nature
resource data
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Spatial (distributed over the earth’s surface);
Multiple uses (e.g. mangroves are used for
forestry, fisheries, agriculture, and recreation);
Subject to change with time (retreat and
accretion);
Affected by use (pollution of rivers by untreated
discharge, reduction of water resources, siltation
of rivers and sedimentation in the coastal waters
by excessive land clearing).
Activities and impact on Natural
Resources
(Depletion, Degradation)
Land and Marine based
Natural Resources
Impacts/Effects
Activities using
Resources
Human Settlements /
Development
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Non-Resource-based
Activities
(Pollution. Economic Generation)
Source: IMF Country Reports with Statistics supplements
DID Manual 1973 on river
reserve
GIS Technology
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GIS allows us to measure our natural resource assets
Understand our patterns of change
Better understand the resources we are using
Identify the impact of human-induced geographic
change
GIS provides policy makers and planners with
transparent predictable guide (planning) for
management thus helping to better utilize the
resources and support development
These are not
natural resources
BUT they are
important data to
manage natural
resources, hence
the use of GIS
Existing land use
Geological
Soil type
Administrative
Historical flood
Environmental
management
data
LANDUSE
TRANSPORTATION
Database of River Study (DOE)
Administration Boundary
State
District
Land Use
Existing Landuse
Water Quality
Point Sources
Mukim
Local Authority
Non Point Sources
WQS-ASMA
Parlimentary
Committed Landuse
WQS-Survey
Sub-catchment
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Future Landuse
Road
Railway
Location
WQ-Catchment
WQ-river 240507
Hydrological Information
Taman
Hydrological Station
Biological &
Environmental
Base Map
Protection Zone
Forest Reserve
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Cadastral Lot
Swamp
Satellite Image
River Management
Topo Map
Weir
River
Geographic Features
Contour
River Corridor
Geology
Eco-tourism site
Soil
Cross Section
Mud
Bridge
Lake
Retaining Wall
Water Supply &
Resources
Major River
River Bank
Protection
Sand Mining
Analysis
DEM
Dam
Canal
Water Pipe
Headwater
Reach
Sub-catch-q2k
WHY REMOTE SENSING ?
Remote sensing has
these capabilities !!
1. Quick update
2. High reliability and cover large area
3. Could be used for many applications
MODIS - 19 Aug 2002
NATURAL RESOURCES
AND DISASTER
MANAGEMENT
Smoke
Hot spot
Damage
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING
Use :
Mapping of the extend of flood
Planning of future development site- less
flood prone
Valuation of land
Using radar image - can
penetrate clouds
Concept of Sentinel Asia Step2
Application of WINDS for
Sentinel Asia in Step2
Sentinel Asia
Information-sharing Platform
Information-sharing Platform
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Digital Asia (Internetbased Web-GIS) is used
satellite images overlaid
on maps with disasterrelated information on the
Internet
upload data by putting
them on a Digital Asia
server (OGC-based)
Content (Sharing Data)
• Satellite images from space
organizations
• On-site digital camera
images
• Fine regional digital maps
from national geography
organizations, etc.
• Detailed disaster
information
• Regional social / economic
data
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ALOR SETAR, KEDAH
SPATIAL ANALYSIS CRITERIA
(example)
SPATAIL MODELLING
(CELLULAR AUTOMATA)
Unit analysis, based on pre-defined
neighbourhood functions.
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state at
t1
state at
t2
URBAN GROWTH MODELING
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Using various settings of
the growth rate factor
until a target of urban
growth is met