Download Napoleonic Code - MrGleasonSocialStudies

TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Bellringer
Who led the Committee of Public Safety? A)Louis XVI
b)Maximilien Robespierre c)Napoleon Bonaparte
d)Jean-Paul Marat
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Bellringer
Who led the Committee of Public Safety? A)Louis XVI
b)Maximilien Robespierre c)Napoleon Bonaparte
d)Jean-Paul Marat
What happened to each
Of them?
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
What happened to each
Of them?
Louis XVI
Guillotined
Maximilien
Robespierre
Guillotined
Napoleon
Exiled to Saint Helena an
island in the South Atlantic
Jean-Paul Marat
Stabbed in the chest
While soaking in the bath
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Today- Objective- The Age of Napoleon Part 1
• Understand
Napoleon’s rise to
power and why the
French strongly
supported him.
• Explain how
Napoleon built an
empire and what
challenges the
empire faced.
• Primary Sources:
Reign of Terror
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Terms and People
• plebiscite – a popular vote by ballot
• Napoleonic Code – the code of laws created
under Napoleon that embodied enlightenment
principles of equality, tolerance, and freedom
• annex – add territory to an existing state,
country, or empire
• Continental System – a form of economic
warfare that closed European ports to British
goods; the foreign policy in which Europe
adopted Napoleon’s reforms
• Rosetta Stone- a stele/slab found in Egypt by
Napoleon’s troops that led to the translation of
hieroglyphics
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Terms and People (continued)
• guerrilla warfare – a form of warfare using
hit-and-run raids
• scorched-earth policy – when the movement of
an army includes burning crops and villages to
make it difficult for the enemy to follow
• abdicate – step down from power
• Congress of Vienna – a meeting of heads of
state within Europe after Waterloo to restore
stability and order in Europe
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
This Napoleon
Not This Napoleon
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Explain Napoleon’s rise to power
in Europe, his subsequent
defeat, and how the outcome
still affects Europe today.
Napoleon rose to power in the midst of
near-chaos in France. His successes on
the battlefield along with his strong
governmental control encouraged a
French nationalism that brought Europe
to its knees.
Napoleon’s laws were spread
throughout Europe during the
expansion and remain important in
many countries today.
The Directory
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
•1795- new plan of
government created
•Upper-middle class
with a two house
legislature & an
executive body of
five men
• Napoleon Bonaparte
part of that executive
body
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Napoleon Bonaparte was a military hero who rose
quickly through the army. He favored republican rule
and the Jacobins.
1793
1798
1799
• Drove British forces from Toulon
• Won victories against the Austrians
• Captured most of northern Italy
• Lost in Egypt, but hid news of his worst
losses by censoring the press
• Overthrew the Directory and set up a
three-man governing board known as
the Consulate
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
The Rosetta Stone was discovered
by French troops under Napoleon
in Egypt
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
When Napoleon helped create
the Consulate, he became First Consul.
• In 1802, Napoleon
became consul for life.
• Two years later, he
crowned himself Emperor
of the French.
• At each step, Napoleon
had held a plebiscite and
been strongly supported
by the French people.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
What is a plebiscite?
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
What is a plebiscite?
a popular vote
by ballot
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Napoleon restored
order and
prosperity and
strengthened
the central
government. He:
His policies gained
him support
among all social
classes. He:
• Made peace with the
Church(concordat)
• Controlled prices
• Encouraged émigrés to return
• Encouraged industry
• Recognized peasants’ right
to lands they had gained
• Built roads and canals
• Set up public schools
• Opened jobs to all based on
talent
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
His most lasting reform was a new code
of laws known as the Napoleonic Code.
Napoleonic Code
• Equality of all
male citizens
before the law
• Religious
toleration
• Abolition of
feudalism
• The code embodied
Enlightenment
principles.
• But women lost
most of their rights
of citizenship.
Napoleonic Code – the code
of laws created under
Napoleon that embodied
Louisiana is the only
enlightenment principles of
US state that has been
equality, tolerance, and freedom
Influenced by the Napoleonic Code.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
From 1804 to 1812, Napoleon successfully
battled most of Europe and created an empire.
• France annexed the
Netherlands,
Belgium, and parts of
Italy and Germany.
• Napoleon cut
Prussian territory
in half and abolished
the Holy Roman
Empire.
• He placed his own
relatives on some
European thrones.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Napoleon’s greatest victory was at
the Battle of Austerlitz
Napoleon defeated a
Russo-Austrian army
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Britain was the only major European power to
remain outside of Napoleon’s empire.
• The British navy smashed the French fleet in the
Battle of Trafalgar in 1805, ending Napoleon’s
plans to invade Britain.
• The British were under the command of
Admiral Horatio Nelson
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
• Napoleon then
imposed the
Continental System
to close European
ports to British
goods.
• The blockades
created some
hardships but Britain
was able to maintain
its trade routes in
India and the
Americas.
• Continental System
– a form of economic
warfare that closed
European ports to
British goods; the
foreign policy in
which Europe adopted
Napoleon’s reforms
The Peninsular War- Spain
&Portugal
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Many Europeans who had welcomed the
ideas of the French Revolution saw
Napoleon and his army as oppressors.
• In Spain, people resisted reforms that undermined the king
and the Catholic Church.
• Napoleon placed his brother Joseph on the Spanish throne
• Nationalism in occupied countries created revolts and
patriotic resistance through
guerrilla warfare.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Next
The painting is entitled the Third of May by Francisco de Goya. Goya
sought to commemorate Spanish resistance to Napoleon's armies during
the occupation of 1808 in the Peninsular War
What do you think
the painting is
communicating?
Francisco de Goya
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
View the video. Write down
insights about the painting.
What impact do you think
the painting had towards
Spanish nationalism?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bIUA74w1tSU
Bellringer
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
What was Napoleon’s greatest victory?
a)Austerlitz b)Trafalgar c)Toulon d)Waterloo
Bellringer
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
What was Napoleon’s greatest victory?
a)Austerlitz b)Trafalgar c)Toulon d)Waterloo
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Trafalgar Square, London
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Today-Objective: The Fall of
Napoleon
1.What was Napoleon’s greatest mistake?
2.What was the Hundred Days?
3.What was Napoleon’s final battle?
4. What was the Congress of Vienna?
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
French Revolution in a
nutshell
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VEZqarUnVpo
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Napoleon’s disastrous
invasion of Russia in 1812
was a turning point in the
Napoleonic Wars.
The tsar initially supported Napoleon but ended
up withdrawing from the Continental System.
When Napoleon attacked, the retreating Russian army
used a scorched-earth policy that made it impossible
for Napoleon’s army to survive on what they left.
Faced with the brutal Russian winter, Napoleon
retreated, losing most of his army. Russia, Britain,
Prussia, and Austria formed an alliance against France.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
In 1813, the newly created alliance defeated
Napoleon in the Battle of the Nations.(or
Leipzig)
Napoleon abdicated in 1814 and Louis XVIII
was recognized as king of France.
Napoleon was exiled to the island of Elba. A tiny
island in the Mediterranean
Napoleon was exiled to the island of
Elba. A tiny island in the
Mediterranean
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
After a year in Elba Napoleon returned
to Paris
Napoleon’s return to power lasted only 100 days.
The Hundred Days was a brief period of renewed
glory for Napoleon & return to power after exile
• On June 18, 1815, British and Prussian
forces dealt him a crushing blow at the
Battle of Waterloo in Belgium
• Napoleon was forced to abdicate a second
and final time.
• The final defeat and exile of Napoleon
ended the period of the French Revolution.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
The 100 Days
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Napoleon was defeated at The
Battle of Waterloo
The final battle saw
Napoleon against
British troops led by
the Duke of
Wellington
Napoleon was exiled
to the tiny island of
Saint Helena in the
South Atlantic
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Napoleon was exiled to St. Helena
an island in the South Atlantic
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Napoleon’s legacy affected
not only France, but the rest
of Europe and the Americas.
Within France
Abroad
•
Created Napoleonic
Code
•
Failed to make Europe into a
French empire
•
Expanded suffrage
•
•
Ensured rights to
property and
education for more
citizens
Sparked nationalist feelings
across Europe
•
Created a new Germany
•
Sold the Louisiana Territory
and doubled the size of the
United States
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Video: Napoleon: Life in Cartoon
https://www.youtube.c
om/watch?v=t05OiVx2R8
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
After the Battle of Waterloo, diplomats and
heads of state at the Congress of Vienna redrew
the map of Europe.
Their chief goal
was to create a
lasting peace
while preserving
the old order.
They wanted to:
• Create a balance
of power
• Protect the system
of monarchy
• Prevent French
expansion
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
The architects of peace promoted the
principle of legitimacy and restored
monarchies in nations throughout
Europe.
• Austria, Russia, Prussia, and Britain formed the
Quadruple Alliance to protect the new order.
• They pledged
to act together
to maintain the
balance of
power and
suppress
revolutionary
uprisings.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
The Congress of Vienna
Negotiators
•
•
•
•
Lord Castlereagh of Great Britain
Czar Alexander I of Russia
Prince Klemens von Metternich of Austria
Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand of France
Metternich
• Distrusted democracy and political change
• Dominated the congress, wanted to restore the balance of
power
Goals for Other Decision Makers
• Make sure France could not rise again to such power
• Put down revolution wherever it might appear
• Remove traces of French Revolution and Napoleon’s rule
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Redrawing the Map
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
National borders
• Congress changed many
borders
• Wanted to strengthen
nations surrounding France
Process
• Countries that aided France
lost territory
New Countries
• Union of the Dutch Republic
and the Austrian
Netherlands as the
Kingdom of the Netherlands
• Austria and 38 German
states in German
Confederation
France’s loss
• Countries that fought
France gained territory
• Was not allowed to keep
any conquered territory
• Talleyrand arranged trades
• Boundaries back to 1792
• Forced to pay indemnity, or
compensation for damages
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
TEKS 8C: Calculate percent composition and empirical and molecular formulas.
Metternich
Talleyrand
The creation of the Concert of Europe enabled the
powers to meet periodically to address any new
problems affecting the peace of Europe.
• The Vienna statesmen created a general European
peace that lasted for 100 years.
• However, they did not foresee how nationalism
would shake the foundations of Europe and Latin
America in the next decades.