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Chapter 11 A New Civilization Emerges in Western Europe Multiple-Choice Questions 1) The _______ began to raid Europe from the north in the eighth century. A) Magyars B) Germanic peoples C) Vikings D) Muslims Page Ref: 243 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Remember the Facts 2) Manorialism was the ________ of the Middle Ages. A) feudal system B) monetary system C) rural economy D) dominant family pattern Page Ref: 243 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Remember the Facts 3) The ________ of Europe provided most of the necessary rural labor. A) free peasants B) serfs C) slaves D) immigrants Page Ref: 243 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Remember the Facts 4) The three-field system improved European agricultural yield through ________. A) crop rotation B) chemical fertilizer C) new crops D) better plowing techniques Page Ref: 244 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Remember the Facts 139 Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. 5) Charles Martel’s most famous victory was over ________. A) the Almoravids B) Germanic invaders C) the Huns D) Arab Muslims Page Ref: 245 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Remember the Facts 6) Which of these men ruled the Frankish kingdom in 800? A) Charles Martel B) Charlemagne C) Louis XI D) William the Conqueror Page Ref: 245 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Remember the Facts 7) The rulers of Germany in the Middle Ages and after were titled the ________. A) dukes of Aquitaine B) Holy Roman emperors C) emperors of the Second Reich D) popes Page Ref: 246 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Remember the Facts 8) William the Conqueror became king of _________ in 1066. A) Normandy B) France C) England D) Ireland Page Ref: 248 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Remember the Facts 140 Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. 9) Which of these describes the Magna Carta? A) a law code B) a land grant C) a charter founding parliament D) a legal agreement Page Ref: 249 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Remember the Facts 10) The three estates were the ________. A) clergy, nobility, town dwellers B) monarchs, nobility, vassals C) merchants, guild members, land owners D) monarchs, nobles, clergy Page Ref: 249 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Remember the Facts 11) What two countries fought during the Hundred Years’ War? A) the Holy Roman Empire and France B) Spain and England C) France and England D) Italy and the Holy Roman Empire Page Ref: 249 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Remember the Facts 12) Urban II is best known for what action? A) defeating Henry IV in the investiture controversy B) launching the Crusades C) invading England D) founding the Franciscan order Page Ref: 250 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Remember the Facts 141 Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. 13) A new religious order was founded by _________ in the early thirteenth century. A) Benedict of Nursia B) Peter Abelard C) Bernard of Clairvaux D) Saint Francis Page Ref: 252 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Remember the Facts 14) Important reforms were implemented in the Catholic church during the eleventh century by ________. A) Gregory VII B) Thomas Aquinas C) Urban II D) Pius XII Page Ref: 252 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Remember the Facts 15) Which of these men challenged church traditions through his application of logic? A) Peter Abelard B) Francis of Assisi C) Bernard of Clairvaux D) Jacques Coeur Page Ref: 254 Topic: Western Culture in the Postclassical Era Skill Level: Remember the Facts 16) ________ was a proponent of Christian mysticism. A) Peter Abelard B) Saint Clare C) Bernard of Clairvaux D) Gregory VII Page Ref: 254 Topic: Western Culture in the Postclassical Era Skill Level: Remember the Facts 142 Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. 17) The Summas of Christian philosophy were written by ________. A) Roger Bacon B) Ibn-Rushd C) Bernard of Clairvaux D) Thomas Aquinas Page Ref: 255 Topic: Western Culture in the Postclassical Era Skill Level: Remember the Facts 18) Which of these was the mainstream philosophy of Christianity in the later Middle Ages? A) realism B) scholasticism C) mysticism D) rationalism Page Ref: 255 Topic: Western Culture in the Postclassical Era Skill Level: Remember the Facts 19) The dominant architectural style of the twelfth century and after was ________. A) Gothic B) Romanesque C) Baroque D) Rococo Page Ref: 256 Topic: Western Culture in the Postclassical Era Skill Level: Remember the Facts 20) Which of these became an important center of cloth production in the Middle Ages? A) Ireland B) France C) Spain D) the Low Countries Page Ref: 257 Topic: Changing Economic and Social Forms in the Postclassical Centuries Skill Level: Remember the Facts 143 Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. 21) The purpose of the Hanseatic League was ________. A) defense B) cultural exchange C) protecting skilled crafts D) supporting commerce Page Ref: 258 Topic: Changing Economic and Social Forms in the Postclassical Centuries Skill Level: Remember the Facts 22) Which of these emerged with the revival of trade in the later Middle Ages? A) manorialism B) capitalism C) serfdom D) monasticism Page Ref: 258 Topic: Changing Economic and Social Forms in the Postclassical Centuries Skill Level: Remember the Facts 23) Guilds were groups organized by ________. A) class B) faith C) region D) occupation Page Ref: 259 Topic: Changing Economic and Social Forms in the Postclassical Centuries Skill Level: Remember the Facts 24) Which of these first hit Europe in the 1340s? A) the Norman conquest B) the Black Death C) Viking raids D) the Crusades Page Ref: 261 Topic: The Decline of the Medieval Synthesis Skill Level: Remember the Facts 144 Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. 25) In the later Middle Ages, the papacy took up residence in ________. A) France B) the Byzantine Empire C) Spain D) the Holy Roman Empire Page Ref: 261 Topic: The Decline of the Medieval Synthesis Skill Level: Remember the Facts 26) In the Middle Ages, most literate Europeans were members of what group? A) the nobility B) merchants C) the clergy D) farmers Page Ref: 243 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Understand the Connections 27) Manorialism was above all a(n) ________ economy. A) international B) local C) monetary D) industrial Page Ref: 243 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Understand the Connections 28) Serfs are best characterized as ________. A) slaves used for farm labor B) war captives C) peasants D) semi-free rural laborers Page Ref: 243 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Understand the Connections 145 Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. 29) The administrative organization of the Roman Empire was most clearly seen in what medieval institution? A) universities B) the Holy Roman Empire C) the church D) guilds Page Ref: 244 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Understand the Connections 30) Which of these was arguably the only state in Europe prior to the Carolingian dynasty? A) the Holy Roman Empire B) the Catholic church C) Normandy D) monasteries Page Ref: 244 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Understand the Connections 31) From around 500 to around 1000, the Catholic church can be said to have been ________. A) growing in power B) lacking in influence C) a local authority D) defunct Page Ref: 244 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Understand the Connections 32) The Carolingian Empire represented a ________ shift in power in Europe. A) westward B) eastward C) southward D) northward Page Ref: 245-246 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Understand the Connections 146 Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. 33) The title of Holy Roman emperor, as used in the Middle Ages, represented which of these? A) the revival of the Roman Empire B) the partial revival of the Roman Empire C) the utter collapse of the Roman Empire D) the aspirations of German rulers Page Ref: 246 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Understand the Connections 34) In the later Middle Ages, the serfs of Europe were becoming ________. A) slaves B) landless laborers C) freer D) more oppressed Page Ref: 247 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Understand the Connections 35) Which of these was increasing in Europe around 1200? A) manorialism B) urbanization C) feudalism D) invasions Page Ref: 247 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Understand the Connections 36) Both cathedral schools and universities were ________. A) run by the Catholic church B) dedicated to Roman law C) centered on secular learning D) urban institutions Page Ref: 248 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Understand the Connections 147 Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. 37) The political system of Europe up to about 1200 can be characterized as ________. A) networks of personal loyalties B) strongly centralized monarchies C) emerging states D) a system of republics Page Ref: 248 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Understand the Connections 38) The medieval parliaments represented Europe’s ________. A) elites B) commoners and nobles C) monarchs D) workers Page Ref: 249 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Understand the Connections 39) The Crusades can be characterized as ________. A) voyages of discovery B) holy war C) folk migrations D) popular wars Page Ref: 250 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Understand the Connections 40) Which of these best evaluates the results of the Crusades? A) completely unsuccessful B) unimportant C) successful only in the short term D) partially successful in the long term Page Ref: 252 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Understand the Connections 148 Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. 41) Under Gregory VII, a new division emerged between ________. A) Catholicism and Byzantine Orthodoxy B) eastern and western Europe C) mysticism and popular religion D) secular and religious authority Page Ref: 252 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Understand the Connections 42) Peter Abelard’s Yes and No represents which of these? A) the triumph of faith over reason B) the scholastic dominance C) the emergence of the universities D) a new application for classical rationalism Page Ref: 254 Topic: Western Culture in the Postclassical Era Skill Level: Understand the Connections 43) Scholasticism can be understood as a reconciliation of Europe’s ________ heritage. A) German and Celtic B) Roman and Germanic C) Christian and classical D) artistic and intellectual Page Ref: 255 Topic: Western Culture in the Postclassical Era Skill Level: Understand the Connections 44) Around 1400, contact between Europe and neighboring world regions was ________. A) stagnant B) beginning C) increasing D) declining Page Ref: 258 Topic: Changing Economic and Social Forms in the Postclassical Centuries Skill Level: Understand the Connections 149 Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. 45) Medieval guilds were formed for what purpose? A) to control trade B) to promote the interests of a particular occupation C) to encourage handicrafts D) to respond to the threat of royal power Page Ref: 259 Topic: Changing Economic and Social Forms in the Postclassical Centuries Skill Level: Understand the Connections 46) The Black Death had the greatest impact on Europe in what domain? A) society B) politics C) economy D) the arts Page Ref: 261 Topic: The Decline of the Medieval Synthesis Skill Level: Understand the Connections 47) The most important result of the Avignon papacy was the churches loss of ________. A) revenue B) land C) control over education D) authority Page Ref: 261 Topic: The Decline of the Medieval Synthesis Skill Level: Understand the Connections 48) Like Alexander’s empire, the Carolingian Empire was ________. A) enduring B) shortlived but influential C) composed of two ethnic groups D) the product of marriage alliances Page Ref: 245-246 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development Skill Level: Analyze the Past 150 Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. 49) Like Daoism and Confucianism, Peter Abelard and Bernard of Clairvaux represented ________. A) two distinct philosophical approaches B) two strands of the same philosophy C) religious and secular philosophy, respectively D) a philosophy and one of its branches, respectively Page Ref: 254 Topic: Western Culture in the Postclassical Era Skill Level: Analyze the Past 50) By around 1500, the nobility of Europe had arguably become ________. A) national armies B) Europe’s intellectual class C) an obsolete urban class D) farmers Page Ref: 261 Topic: The Decline of the Medieval Synthesis Skill Level: Analyze the Past Essay Questions 51) Manorialism resembles what other culture discussed in the text so far? Compare the two in detail, considering what caused the two to emerge. Page Ref: 243-244 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development 52) When did true states emerge in medieval Europe? In your answer, include what you consider the key elements in the definition of a state. Page Ref: 244-253 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development 53) What was the role of the church in medieval culture? Page Ref: 244-256 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development, Western Culture in the Postclassical Era 54) Did economic changes in the later Middle Ages drive social and political changes, or were they all part of the same development? Support your answer. Page Ref: 257-260 Topic: Changing Economic and Social Forms in the Postclassical Centuries 55) Comparing the early and late medieval periods, what do you consider the most important developments? Why? Page Ref: 243-253; 260-263 Topic: Stages of Postclassical Development, The Decline of the Medieval Synthesis 151 Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved.
