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Muscle Group SHOULDER Extrinsics Deep extrinsics Intrinsic Deep intrinsics Rotator cuff UPPER LIMB Anterior arm flexor Anterior forearm flexor Superficial Middle Deep Posterior arm extensor Post. forearm extensor Superficial Muscle Innervation Action/Comments Pectoralis major Serratus anterior Lateral/medial pectoral Long thoracic nerve Trapezius Spinal accessory (XI) Latissimus dorsi Levator scapulae Rhomboideus maj/min Deltoid Teres major Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres minor Subscapularis Thoracodorsal C3, 4, 5 (dorsal scapular) Dorsal scapular (C5) Axillary (C5, C6) Lower subscapular Suprascapular (C5, 6) Suprascapular Axillary (C5, 6) Upper/lower subscapular Adducts, medially rotates humerus; clavicular head flexes, sterno extends Pulls scapula forward against back of thorax; rotate scapula upward; abduct arm passed level Upper-scapula up, elevate shoulder; middle-retract scapula; lower-scapula down, lower shoulder; abduct arm passed level Extends, adducts, medially rotates arm (swimmer’s muscle) Elevate, rotate down scapula Retract, rotate down scapula Abducts, flexes, extends at shoulder Adducts, extends, medially rotates arm Initiates abduction arm Laterally rotate arm Laterally rotate arm Medially rotate arm Biceps brachii Coracobrachialis Brachialis Musculocutaneous “ “ Long/short heads; flex forearm; supinator with elbow flexed; weak arm flxr Flex and adduct arm Flexor of forearm; deep to biceps Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus Pronator teres Flx. digitorum superficalis Flx. digitorum profundus Flexor pollicis longus Pronator quadratus Tricep Ulnar Median “ “ “ “ “ “ Radial Wrist flexion; adducts wrist; fixes pisiform; two heads to 5 th metacarpal Wrist flexor and abductor; to base of 2nd, 3rd metacarpal Flx wrist; tightens deep fascia of palm; missing in 14%; small; long tendon Flexes, pronates forearm; 2 heads to radius; median n. btwn, ulnar a. below Flex fingers, wrist; middle phalanges of each finger; thru carpal tunnel Flex fingers, wrist; distal phalanges of each finger; deep to superficialis tdn. Flex thumb; wrist flexion; inserts on distal phalanx of thumb Pronation of forearm; deepest; square shaped Long head extend arm; collectively extend forearm Brachioradialis Extsor carpi radialis longus Extsor carpi radialis brevis Extensor digitorum Deep radial “ “ “ Flexor of forearm btwn pronation & supination; handshake muscle Extension, abduction of wrist; inserts 2nd metacarpal Extension, abduction of wrist; inserts 3rd metacarpal Extensor of fingers; weak flexor of wrist; extensor hood Muscle Group Superficial Deep HAND Thenar comp. of hand Hypothenar comp. Central compartment HIP & GLUTS Extrinsic hip muscles Gluteal Compartment LOWER LIMB Anterior comp. thigh Quadricep femoris Muscle Innervation Action/Comments Extensor digiti minimi Extensor carpi ulnaris Supinator Extensor indicis Extensor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Abductor pollicis longus Deep radial Deep radial Posterior interosseus “ “ “ “ Extending little finger; proximal 5th phalanx Extends, abducts wrist; inserts on base of 5 th metacarpal Supination w/ forearm extended Extend index finger, wrist Extends thumb, wrist; base of distal phalanx of thumb Extend thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint, wrist; proximal phalanx Abduct thumb, wrist; base of first metacarpal Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor pollicis brevis Opponens pollicis Adductor pollicis Abductor digiti V Flexor digiti V Opponens digiti V Lumbrical Interossei Median (C8, T1) “ “ Deep ulnar Deep ulnar (C8, T1) “ “ Median (2.3), Ulnar (4,5) Deep ulnar Abducts thumb and helps oppose it Flexes thumb Opposes thumb toward center of palm and rotates it medially Adducts thumb toward middle digit; oblique and transverse head Abducts little finger Flexes proximal phalanx of little finger Draws 5th metacarpal in to oppose thumb Flexes digits at metacarpophalangeal and extends interphalangeal joints Dorsal abducts digits; palmar adducts digits Iliacus Psoas Gluteus maximus Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus Tensor fasciae latae Piriformis Superior gemellus Obturator internus Inferior gemellus Quadratus femoris Obturator externus Femoral Lumbar plexus Inferior gluteal Superior gluteal “ “ Nerve to piriformis Nerve to obturator intern “ “ Nerve to quadratus fem. Obturator Flexes hip Flexes hip Extends and laterally rotates thigh Abducts and rotates thigh medially Abducts and rotates thigh medially Flexes and rotates thigh medially Laterally rotates thigh “ “ “ “ “ Sartorius Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis Femoral “ “ Flexes hip and knee (PA) Extends knee “ Muscle Group Quadricep femoris Adductor (medial) Posterior thigh flexors Anterior leg comp Lateral leg comp Posterior leg comp Superficial Deep FOOT Dorsum of foot Sole of foot Medial intrinsic Muscle Innervation Action/Comments Vastus medialis Vastus intermedius Articularis Genus Pectineus Adductor longus Adductor brevis Gracilis Adductor magnus Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Biceps long head Biceps short head Tibialis anterior Extensor hallicus longus Extensor digitorum longus Fibularis tertius Fibularis longus Fibularis brevis Femoral “ “ Femoral (Obdurator) Obturator “ “ “ Sciatic-Tibial “ “ Sciatic-common fibular Deep fibular “ “ “ Superficial Fibular “ Extends knee “ Pulls capsule upward as knee extends Flexes hip Adducts thigh; flex hip Adducts thigh; flex hip Adducts and medial rotate thigh; flex knee (PA) Adducts thigh; extends thigh (posterior part); flex hip (anterior part) Flexes knee; extends thigh “ “ Flexes knee Dorsiflex ankle; invert foot Extend big toe; weak dorsiflex; invert ankle; inserts distal phalanx Extend toes 2-5; dorsiflex ankle; weak invertor; inserts middle/distal phal Evertor of foot; dorsiflex ankle Evertor of foot; weak plantar flexor of ankle; inserts base first metatarsal Evertor of foot; weak plantar flexor of ankle; dorsal base fifth metatarsal Gastrocnemius Tibial Plantar flexor of ankle; unfixed foot flexes knee; two heads; w/ soleus called tricep surae to Achilles tendon (tendo calcaneus) Plantar flexor of ankle Not significant Internally rotates tibia on femur to unlock knee during flexion Flex big toe; weak plantar flexor of ankle; to distal phalanx of big toe Flex four lateral toes; weak plantarflexor of ankle; to distal phalanges 2-4 Plantarflex foot; adduct forepart of foot; assist inversion; to plantar base of 2-4 metatarsal Soleus Plantaris Popliteus Flexor hallucis longus Flexor digitorum longus Tibialis posterior “ “ “ “ “ “ Extensor digitorum brevis Extensor hallicis brevis Deep fibular “ Extend toes 2-4 Extends big toe; to proximal phalanx Abductor hallucis Flexor hallucis brevis Medial plantar “ Flexes and abducts big toe Flexes big toe Muscle Group Medial intrinsic Lateral intrinsic Middle intrinsic Muscle Flexor digitorum brevis Adductor hallucis Abductor digiti minimi Flexor digiti minimi Quadratus plantae Lumbricals Interossei Innervation Medial plantar Lateral plantar “ “ “ “ “ Mnemonics Hand: All For One And One For All Carpals: Scared Lovers Try Positions That They Can’t Handle Action/Comments Adduct big toe; oblique (2-4) and transverse (3-5) heads Abduct and flex little toe Flex little toe Helps flexor digitorum longus flex toes From flexor digitorum tendon to toes; flex toes Abduction and adduction of toes; deep