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Muscle Group
SHOULDER
Extrinsics
Deep extrinsics
Intrinsic
Deep intrinsics
Rotator cuff
UPPER LIMB
Anterior arm flexor
Anterior forearm flexor
Superficial
Middle
Deep
Posterior arm extensor
Post. forearm extensor
Superficial
Muscle
Innervation
Action/Comments
Pectoralis major
Serratus anterior
Lateral/medial pectoral
Long thoracic nerve
Trapezius
Spinal accessory (XI)
Latissimus dorsi
Levator scapulae
Rhomboideus maj/min
Deltoid
Teres major
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis
Thoracodorsal
C3, 4, 5 (dorsal scapular)
Dorsal scapular (C5)
Axillary (C5, C6)
Lower subscapular
Suprascapular (C5, 6)
Suprascapular
Axillary (C5, 6)
Upper/lower subscapular
Adducts, medially rotates humerus; clavicular head flexes, sterno extends
Pulls scapula forward against back of thorax; rotate scapula upward; abduct
arm passed level
Upper-scapula up, elevate shoulder; middle-retract scapula; lower-scapula
down, lower shoulder; abduct arm passed level
Extends, adducts, medially rotates arm (swimmer’s muscle)
Elevate, rotate down scapula
Retract, rotate down scapula
Abducts, flexes, extends at shoulder
Adducts, extends, medially rotates arm
Initiates abduction arm
Laterally rotate arm
Laterally rotate arm
Medially rotate arm
Biceps brachii
Coracobrachialis
Brachialis
Musculocutaneous
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Long/short heads; flex forearm; supinator with elbow flexed; weak arm flxr
Flex and adduct arm
Flexor of forearm; deep to biceps
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Pronator teres
Flx. digitorum superficalis
Flx. digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus
Pronator quadratus
Tricep
Ulnar
Median
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Radial
Wrist flexion; adducts wrist; fixes pisiform; two heads to 5 th metacarpal
Wrist flexor and abductor; to base of 2nd, 3rd metacarpal
Flx wrist; tightens deep fascia of palm; missing in 14%; small; long tendon
Flexes, pronates forearm; 2 heads to radius; median n. btwn, ulnar a. below
Flex fingers, wrist; middle phalanges of each finger; thru carpal tunnel
Flex fingers, wrist; distal phalanges of each finger; deep to superficialis tdn.
Flex thumb; wrist flexion; inserts on distal phalanx of thumb
Pronation of forearm; deepest; square shaped
Long head extend arm; collectively extend forearm
Brachioradialis
Extsor carpi radialis longus
Extsor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor digitorum
Deep radial
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Flexor of forearm btwn pronation & supination; handshake muscle
Extension, abduction of wrist; inserts 2nd metacarpal
Extension, abduction of wrist; inserts 3rd metacarpal
Extensor of fingers; weak flexor of wrist; extensor hood
Muscle Group
Superficial
Deep
HAND
Thenar comp. of hand
Hypothenar comp.
Central compartment
HIP & GLUTS
Extrinsic hip muscles
Gluteal Compartment
LOWER LIMB
Anterior comp. thigh
Quadricep femoris
Muscle
Innervation
Action/Comments
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Supinator
Extensor indicis
Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Abductor pollicis longus
Deep radial
Deep radial
Posterior interosseus
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Extending little finger; proximal 5th phalanx
Extends, abducts wrist; inserts on base of 5 th metacarpal
Supination w/ forearm extended
Extend index finger, wrist
Extends thumb, wrist; base of distal phalanx of thumb
Extend thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint, wrist; proximal phalanx
Abduct thumb, wrist; base of first metacarpal
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis
Adductor pollicis
Abductor digiti V
Flexor digiti V
Opponens digiti V
Lumbrical
Interossei
Median (C8, T1)
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Deep ulnar
Deep ulnar (C8, T1)
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Median (2.3), Ulnar (4,5)
Deep ulnar
Abducts thumb and helps oppose it
Flexes thumb
Opposes thumb toward center of palm and rotates it medially
Adducts thumb toward middle digit; oblique and transverse head
Abducts little finger
Flexes proximal phalanx of little finger
Draws 5th metacarpal in to oppose thumb
Flexes digits at metacarpophalangeal and extends interphalangeal joints
Dorsal abducts digits; palmar adducts digits
Iliacus
Psoas
Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Tensor fasciae latae
Piriformis
Superior gemellus
Obturator internus
Inferior gemellus
Quadratus femoris
Obturator externus
Femoral
Lumbar plexus
Inferior gluteal
Superior gluteal
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Nerve to piriformis
Nerve to obturator intern
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Nerve to quadratus fem.
Obturator
Flexes hip
Flexes hip
Extends and laterally rotates thigh
Abducts and rotates thigh medially
Abducts and rotates thigh medially
Flexes and rotates thigh medially
Laterally rotates thigh
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Sartorius
Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Femoral
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Flexes hip and knee (PA)
Extends knee
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Muscle Group
Quadricep femoris
Adductor (medial)
Posterior thigh flexors
Anterior leg comp
Lateral leg comp
Posterior leg comp
Superficial
Deep
FOOT
Dorsum of foot
Sole of foot
Medial intrinsic
Muscle
Innervation
Action/Comments
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius
Articularis Genus
Pectineus
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Gracilis
Adductor magnus
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus
Biceps long head
Biceps short head
Tibialis anterior
Extensor hallicus longus
Extensor digitorum longus
Fibularis tertius
Fibularis longus
Fibularis brevis
Femoral
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Femoral (Obdurator)
Obturator
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Sciatic-Tibial
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Sciatic-common fibular
Deep fibular
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Superficial Fibular
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Extends knee
“
Pulls capsule upward as knee extends
Flexes hip
Adducts thigh; flex hip
Adducts thigh; flex hip
Adducts and medial rotate thigh; flex knee (PA)
Adducts thigh; extends thigh (posterior part); flex hip (anterior part)
Flexes knee; extends thigh
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Flexes knee
Dorsiflex ankle; invert foot
Extend big toe; weak dorsiflex; invert ankle; inserts distal phalanx
Extend toes 2-5; dorsiflex ankle; weak invertor; inserts middle/distal phal
Evertor of foot; dorsiflex ankle
Evertor of foot; weak plantar flexor of ankle; inserts base first metatarsal
Evertor of foot; weak plantar flexor of ankle; dorsal base fifth metatarsal
Gastrocnemius
Tibial
Plantar flexor of ankle; unfixed foot flexes knee; two heads; w/ soleus
called tricep surae to Achilles tendon (tendo calcaneus)
Plantar flexor of ankle
Not significant
Internally rotates tibia on femur to unlock knee during flexion
Flex big toe; weak plantar flexor of ankle; to distal phalanx of big toe
Flex four lateral toes; weak plantarflexor of ankle; to distal phalanges 2-4
Plantarflex foot; adduct forepart of foot; assist inversion; to plantar base of
2-4 metatarsal
Soleus
Plantaris
Popliteus
Flexor hallucis longus
Flexor digitorum longus
Tibialis posterior
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Extensor digitorum brevis
Extensor hallicis brevis
Deep fibular
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Extend toes 2-4
Extends big toe; to proximal phalanx
Abductor hallucis
Flexor hallucis brevis
Medial plantar
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Flexes and abducts big toe
Flexes big toe
Muscle Group
Medial intrinsic
Lateral intrinsic
Middle intrinsic
Muscle
Flexor digitorum brevis
Adductor hallucis
Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi
Quadratus plantae
Lumbricals
Interossei
Innervation
Medial plantar
Lateral plantar
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Mnemonics
Hand: All For One And One For All
Carpals: Scared Lovers Try Positions That They Can’t Handle
Action/Comments
Adduct big toe; oblique (2-4) and transverse (3-5) heads
Abduct and flex little toe
Flex little toe
Helps flexor digitorum longus flex toes
From flexor digitorum tendon to toes; flex toes
Abduction and adduction of toes; deep