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1) When a test is divided in two and given at the same time and an estimate of equivalence is
computed, this is being done to determine the__________ of the test.
a) inter-rater reliability
b) test-retest reliability
c) convergent validity
d) split-half reliability
2) You administer a test to and individual who achieves a score of 62. The test manual contains
information that the test has an SEM of 2.2 points. Between what two scores would the true
score be found 99.5% of the time?
You are given two distributions of test scores as follows:
Score for test X: 6, 7, 2, 8, 8, 8, 4, 7, 6, 3, 5, 5
Score for test Y: 8, 4, 2, 5, 6, 3, 7, 6, 7, 8, 8, 1
3. What is the Mean for distribution X?
4. What is the Mode for distribution X?
5. What is the Median for distribution X?
6. What is the exclusive range and the inclusive range for distribution X?
7. You administer a test to an individual. You score the test using the test manual and the
manual instructions lead you to a Z Score of -1.5. You are concerned that the individual may not
fully understand the meaning a negative number as a score so you would like to convert that
number into a T score. What is the individual's T Score?
a) 55
b) 35
c) 35.5
d) 45
8) You are now a licensed counselor. Of your clients you are seeing one who is struggling with
identifying his interests and values. You test him with an assessment tool which utilizes the
model for scoring tests that will indicate to you how your client has performed by comparing
scores between sub-scales of the measure. Which model for test scoring are you using?
a) Cumulative
b) Ipsative
c) Ordinal
d) Proactive
9) _____________ is the extent to which a test measures a defined body of knowledge
(fill in the blank):
a) content validity
b) reliability
c) concurrent validity
d) SEM
You are given a set of scores that are normally distributed. The mean of this distribution is 107
with a standard deviation of 7. Emily scores a 100 and Danielle scores a 128. Please provide a
correct answer for each of the questions below.
10) What is Danielle's percentile rank?
a) 99%
b) 75%
c) 68%
d) 34%
11) Within which quartile interval does Emily's score fall?
a) Q1
b) Q2
c) Q3
d) Q4
12) Within which quartile interval does Danielle's score fall?
a) Q1
b) Q2
c) Q3
d) Q4
13) What percent of all students' scores would you expect to fall between Emily's score and
Danielle's score?
a) 99%
b) 34%
c) 68%
d) 84%
Answers:
1) d) split-half reliability
2) 55.4 and 68.6
3) 5.75
4) 8
5) 6
6) Exclusive Range = 6
Inclusive Range =7
7) b) 35 Item 7 explained: The mean of a T score is 50 and has a standard deviation of 10.
The Z Score is has a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1. Since the standard deviation is for
a T score is 10 times that as a Z score you can simple convert a Z to a T by multiplying by ten
(10 x -1.5 = -15) the apply that to the T score mean 50 +(-15) = 35.
8) The answer is B. The ipsative model indicates how an individual has performed on a set of
variables or scales. It is used as the model in some personality, interest, and value tests.
9) The answer is A. Content validity speaks to the fact that the content of the test does in fact
reflect the elements that the test purports to measure.
To derive the answers for these questions you must combine several concepts that we have
covered. First you must think about the scores in terms of where they will fall in within all the
cases under a normal curve. In Emily’s case, her score falls exactly one standard deviation
below the mean. Danielle’s score fall three standard deviations above the mean. Finding the
location of each of these scores allows you to determine what percent of scores fall below each
of these scores. Once this has been determined you can then make a conversion to percentile
ranks and where the score fall in specific quartiles.
10) 99% Danielle’s score is three standard deviations above the mean so she scored at or above
99% of the group who completed the test
11) Q1 - Emily score falls one standard deviation below the mean with means that there are just
15.75% of the cases below her score. Since the 1st quartile encompasses 25% of the scores in a
distribution Emily’s score falls inside that band.
12) Q4 Danielle’s score falls in the upper reaches of the distribution and thus is in the 4th
quartile with holds the top 25% of scores.
13) 84% Emily’s score fall one standard deviation below the mean – this accounts of 34% of the
scores. Danielle’s score fall three standard deviations about the mean – this accounts for 34% +
13.5% + 2.25% (standard deviations 1 – 3) or 49.75%. So is you add the percent of cases
between Emily’s score and Danielle’s score (34% + 49.57%) you arrive at 83.75 – and round to
84%
Suggested Topics for Review and Study
Measures of central tendency and their uses
Measures of variability and their uses
Measure of relationship and the meanings of how it is expressed
Types of validity and how they are established
Test reliability and method for determining it.
Major historical figures in testing
Types of tests and their uses
The concepts behind IQ scoring and other types of standards scores
The concepts of True and Observed scores and how they relate to the Standard Error of
Measure and confidence intervals