Download Electrical Energy Storage and Standards –the SMART Future.

Electrical Energy Storage and
Standards
–the SMART Future.
Bill Wright
Head of Energy Solutions
ECA
April 21st 2016
Networks
• The Electricity Distribution network is changing
rapidly
• No longer central power plants supplying out to hub
• Local generation now feeds in to network
• Potentially unstable
• Energy Storage will become increasingly important
• How do we manage this?
New standards
• IEC 60364-8-2 Smart Low-Voltage Electrical
Installations
• This will ultimately form part of IET Wiring regulations
• It lays down basic requirements for connections of
renewable energy systems, associated loads and
electrical storage to existing grid and requires
systems to be adequately protected
• Further work on battery standards and descriptions is
also underway
• The drawings in this presentation taken from this
draft standard
Additional Guidance and Standards
• IET producing :
• Code of Practice for Electrical Energy Storage
Systems
• REA and others have also produced basic guidance
• IEC producing further guidance on battery systems
• Guidance urgently required for mass installation of
storage units
Electricity Users
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Consumers are now also producers of power
New term –PROSUMER
New network control is required – SMART GRID
Form of automatic control and protection required –
EEMS (Electrical Energy Management system)
Has to cope with a variety of conditions
Must be electrically safe
Can it be used for ‘Off Grid’ use?
Must be capable of being isolated from Grid
Grid system of distribution
Grid Requirements
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Stability
Voltage Control
Active and Reactive control
Frequency Control
Load Shedding Capability
Coping with remote storage
New conditions
• Buildings may incorporate:
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Generation (Renewable energy source)
Storage capacity to store unused power
Load
Generally cannot work if grid fails.
Energy Storage – Game Changing
• Tesla have announced 7KWH and 10KWH batteries
for connection to PV systems.
• Many others entering the market.
• Payback approx. 10 years depending on power cost
and displacement
• Will not provide standby power off grid
• Larger systems being developed at cost down to
$150/kwh
• Beware connections – fault levels could be high
• Mass power storage = a real game changer
Energy Storage – Tesla version
Smart Grid
• Balances needs between consumption and
production of ‘Smart Electrical Installations’
• Manages data between consumers, prosumers and
network operator
• User should still be able to decide between local and
/ or grid supply
Modes of Operation
• Direct connection and supply from network
• Autonomous – ‘off grid’
• Reverse Feeding- power being fed back into the
network
Basic Domestic generation system
(Individual SEI) with storage
Single Smart Electrical Installation
SEI
Key
Multiple buildings with local generation and
storage (Collective SEI)
Shared Smart Electrical Installation (SEI)
Systems have to be protected
How to protect battery
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Battery storage brings electrical and safety hazards
Fault currents can be very high
Where is battery mounted
What electrical and mechanical protection is
required?
• Ventilation?
• Tesla incorporates short circuit protection but do
other systems?
Finally
• Who will control the grid and production of electricity
when there are many ‘prosumers’ and large amounts
of storage?
• Grid control should be responsible for it – but how?
• We are just at the beginning of Storage revolution.