Download Section 3 Practice Test

Section 3 Practice Test
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____
1. The color of a star depends on its
a. size.
b. temperature.
c. shape.
d. magnitude.
____
2. The H-R diagram shows the relationship of a star’s surface temperature and its
a. color.
c. apparent magnitude.
b. size.
d. absolute magnitude.
____
3. All of the following are major types of galaxies EXCEPT
a. spiral galaxy.
c. elliptical galaxy.
b. irregular galaxy.
d. triangular galaxy.
____
4. Scientists think that the universe will
a. end someday.
b. expand forever.
c. eventually shrink.
d. expand and shrink on a regular basis.
5. What does a star’s color indicate?
a. its size
b. its age
c. its temperature
d. its shape
____
____
6. Scientists think that the Milky Way probably is
a. an irregular galaxy.
c. a spiral galaxy.
b. an elliptical galaxy.
d. a nebula.
____
7. Which of the following are large clouds of gas and dust?
a. a nebula
c. a neutron star
b. a galaxy
d. a globular cluster
____
8. What binds a galaxy together?
a. stars
b. gravity
____
c. brightness
d. dust
9. Which of the following big bang theories explains how the universe began?
a. as a cloud of gases
c. with a small explosion
b. as a sea of gases
d. with a big explosion
____ 10. What happens during nuclear fusion in the sun?
a. Oxygen nuclei combine to form helium.
b. Helium nuclei combine to form oxygen.
c. Helium nuclei combine to form hydrogen.
d. Hydrogen nuclei combine to form helium.
____ 11. The famous scientist who made important discoveries about the motion of planets around the sun was
a. Albert Einstein.
c. Johannes Kepler.
b. Tycho Brache.
d. none of the above
____ 12. The majority of stars in our galaxy are
a. blue.
c. main-sequence stars.
b. white dwarfs.
d. red giants.
____ 13. A cluster of stars forms in a nebula. There are red stars, blue stars, yellow stars, and white stars. Which stars
are most like the sun?
a. red
c. blue
b. yellow
d. white
____ 14. In which part of a spiral galaxy do you expect to find nebulas?
a. the spiral arms
c. the halo
b. the central region
d. all parts of the galaxy
____ 15. Which of the following magnitudes indicates the brightest star?
a. –1
c. –0.11
b. 0
d. +4
____ 16. Which of the following is the hottest?
a. a red supergiant star
c. a main-sequence yellow star
b. a small black-dwarf star
d. a main-sequence blue star
____ 17. Which flame color burns the hottest?
a. red
c. yellow
b. orange
d. blue
____ 18. Which flame color burns the coolest?
a. red
c. yellow
b. orange
d. blue
____ 19. If two stars are different colors, we can infer that they have different
a. masses.
c. temperatures.
b. shapes.
d. chemical compositions.
____ 20. When you look at white light through a glass prism, you see a rainbow of colors called
a. parallax.
c. an apparent magnitude.
b. a spectrum.
d. an absolute magnitude.
Suppose you are walking along a street after sunset in a heavy snowfall. You know that the next street lamp is
10 m away. You also know that this particular city spaces their street lamps 10 m apart.
____ 21. You can estimate how far away each street light is by looking at its
a. relative brightness.
c. apparent magnitude.
b. absolute magnitude.
d. parallax.
____ 22. The actual brightness of a star is called its
a. relative brightness.
c. absolute magnitude.
b. apparent magnitude.
d. parallax.
____ 23. The H-R diagram has become a tool for studying the nature of stars because it shows how stars
a. are classified by temperature.
c. change over time.
b. are classified by brightness.
d. All of the above
____ 24. Our sun has an absolute magnitude of +5. Compare this with a star that has an absolute magnitude of –7. The
sun is ____ the –7 star.
a. brighter than
c. the same brightness as
b. not as bright as
d. larger than
____ 25. When our sun runs out of hydrogen in its core, its center will shrink inward and the outer parts will expand
outward. The atmosphere will grow very large and cool, and the sun will become a
a. white dwarf.
c. red giant.
b. red dwarf.
d. supergiant.
Examine the illustrations of galaxies below, and answer the questions that follow.
____ 26. Illustration A is a(n)
a. spiral galaxy.
c. irregular galaxy.
b. elliptical galaxy
d. quasar.
____ 27. Illustration B is a(n)
a. spiral galaxy.
c. irregular galaxy.
b. elliptical galaxy
d. quasar.
____ 28. Illustration C is a(n)
a. spiral galaxy.
c. irregular galaxy.
b. elliptical galaxy.
d. quasar.
____ 29. In space, ____ are giant clouds of gas and dust.
a. nebulas (or nebulae)
c. open clusters
b. globular clusters
d. quasars
____ 30. A star is most likely born in a
a. globular cluster.
c. black hole.
b. nebula.
d. giant cluster of old stars.
____ 31. How does a star die?
a. in a supernova explosion
c. when it enters a spiral galaxy
b. in a globular cluster
d. always in a nebula
____ 32. Which of the following could be formed as a result of a supernova?
a. a black hole
c. a pulsar
b. a neutron star
d. all of the above
____ 33. A ____ forms when the leftovers of a supernova are so massive that they collapse to form a dense object with
gravity so strong that light cannot escape it.
a. black hole
c. quasar
b. red giant
d. pulsar
Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.
34. A star's ____________________ magnitude does not depend on its distance form Earth. (apparent or
absolute)
35. Our sun is located in the arm of a pinwheel-shaped ____________________ galaxy in the Milky Way. (spiral
or elliptical)
36. A ____________________ is so small and massive that not even light can escape its gravitational pull. (black
hole or neutron star)
37. A ____________________ is the distance that light travels in one year.
38. The ____________________ is a graph showing the relationship between a star's surface temperature and its
absolute magnitude.
39. A ____________________ is basically the death of a large star by explosion.
Matching
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. light-year
d. apparent magnitude
b. spectrum
e. absolute magnitude
c. parallax
____
____
____
____
____
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
the brightness of a star at a distance of 32.6 light-years from Earth
the brightness of a star as it appears to an observer on Earth
an apparent shift in an object’s position when viewed from different locations
the distance that light travels in one year
the band of color produced when white light passes through a prism
Section 3 Practice Test
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
B
D
D
B
C
C
A
B
D
D
C
C
B
A
A
D
D
A
C
B
C
C
D
B
C
C
B
A
A
B
A
D
A
COMPLETION
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
absolute
spiral
black hole
light-year
H-R diagram
39. ANS: supernova
MATCHING
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
E
D
C
A
B