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DTT Booster – Edexcel Additional
Motion and Forces
THERAPY Topic P2.3 P2.4
Commissioned by The PiXL Club Ltd. February 2016
© Copyright The PiXL Club Ltd, 2016
How to deliver the DDT Booster
• Administer the short diagnosis test.
Student name:
• Mark the test.
DTT Booster - Edexcel Additional
Motion and Forces
Diagnosis Test –Therapy Topic P2.3 P2.4
Question
Topic
Total
Marks
1
1a
Forces
1b
1
2
Velocity and
acceleration
Force and stopping
3
PE and KE
3
4 - QWC
Change of
momentum
6
My Mark
R
A
G
4
• Work through the therapy slides
completing the model questions and
15
answers.
Areas to improve:
• Complete the question slides for
Commissioned by The PiXL Club Ltd. February 2016
© Copyright The PiXL Club Ltd, 2016
This resource is strictly for the use of member schools for as long as they remain members of The PiXL
Club. It may not be copied, sold nor transferred to a third party or used by the school after membership
ceases. Until such time it may be freely used within the member school.
students to self or peer assess.
All opinions and contributions are those of the authors. The contents of this resource are not connected with
nor endorsed by any other company, organisation or institution.
www.pixl.org.uk
www.pixl.org.uk
The PiXL Club Ltd, Company number 07321607
The PiXL Club Ltd, Company number 07321607
• Administer the final test.
Edexcel Motion and Forces P2.3 P2.4 - Forces
Forces cause or try to cause motion.
Forces are measured in Newtons N.
Forces are usually found in pairs which can
be either balanced or unbalanced.
There are two sets of force pairs in the
diagram above : Lift and Weight
Thrust and Drag
Lift is a result of air passing over the wings.
Weight is due to gravity.
Thrust is the forward driving force of the
propeller.
Drag is a result of air friction.
In a jet engine the jet provides the forward
thrust.
Model Questions
1. If two equal and opposite forces
(balanced) are acting on an object,
describe its motion.
2. In the diagram opposite, if the engine
thrust was reduced, what effect will this
have on the plane?
3. Describe briefly how a jet engine
produces thrust.
Model Answers
1. It could be stationary or moving with
constant motion.
2. The plane will slow down and lift will
reduce so the plane will descend.
3. Hot gases under pressure are forced out
of the back of the jet, causing an equal
and opposite reaction to push the jet
forwards.
CLICK to reveal
MODEL ANSWER
Edexcel Motion and Forces P2.3 P2.4 - Forces
Resultant Forces
This is a single force that has the same
effect on an object as all the individual
forces acting together.
http://www.expertsmind.com/CMSImages/887_Force%20Diagrams
Remember: force is measured in
Newtons, so if mass is given and the
force is due to gravity, it must be
changed to force (weight).
Weight = mass x gravity
gravity = 10N/kg
Model Question
The bar and weights have a
downward force of 800N.
The weightlifter is lifting with
a force of 1000N.
a. What is causing the downward force?
b. Calculate the resultant force and
direction.
c. In reality, why would they need to exert
a force greater than that calculated?
Model Answers
a. Gravity.
b. 1000 – 800 = 200N upwards.
c. Also has to lift the weight of their arms.
CLICK to reveal
MODEL ANSWER
Edexcel Motion and Forces P2.3 P2.4– Velocity and Acceleration
Speed is the distance an object moves in a
given time. Speed = distance (m) = m/s
Distance/time Graph
time(s)
Slope of graph = speed.
Velocity is like speed but
in a given direction.
Acceleration is how quickly speed changes.
Acceleration = change in speed(m/s) = m/s2
time for change(s)
Velocity/time graph
Slope is the acceleration.
Area under the graph is
the distance covered.
If the line goes below
zero on this graph, the
velocity is negative.
Model Questions
1. Calculate the speed of a bullet which
travels 1.5km in 4s (give the answer in
m/s).
2. If the slope on a distance time graph is
steeper, what does this tell you about
the motion of the object?
3. What does the flat section on the
velocity/time graph opposite mean?
Model Answers
1. S = d
= 1500 = 375m/s
t
4
2. Object is moving at a higher speed.
3. Constant velocity.
CLICK to reveal
MODEL ANSWER
Edexcel Motion and Forces P2.3 P2.4 – Force and Stopping
Stopping distances of cars.
Thinking distance
It takes a certain amount of time for a driver
to react to a hazard and start applying the
brakes. During this time, the car is still
moving. The faster the car is travelling, the
greater this thinking distance will be.
The thinking distance will also increase if the
driver's reactions are slower because they
are:
under the influence of alcohol drugs or tired.
Braking distance
The braking distance is the distance the car
travels from where the brakes are first
applied to where the car stops. The faster
the car is travelling, the greater the braking
distance will be.
The braking distance will also increase if:
The brakes or tyres are worn.
The weather conditions are poor, such as an
icy or wet road or debris on the road.
Model Question
1. Each of the factors in the sentences
below affects the thinking distance or
the braking distance of a vehicle. Which
of these two distances is affected in
each case?
(a) The road surface condition affects the
……………………………………... distance.
(b) The tiredness of a driver affects his or
her ……………………………………….. distance.
(c) Badly worn tyres affects the
…………………………………………….. distance.
Model Answer
1. (a) braking
(b) thinking
(C) braking
CLICK to reveal
MODEL ANSWER
Edexcel Motion and Forces P2.3 P2.4 - Momentum
Model Questions
1. Calculate the momentum of a 0.02kg
bullet travelling at 400m/s.
2. Why does a crumple zone in a car
help to reduce injury in a crash?
A large mass moving fast has a lot of momentum
3. A man of 80kg mass is in a car
and so a large force is needed to stop it.
accident.
Without a seatbelt he stops in 0.2s.
Force (N)
= mass (kg) x acceleration m/s2
With a seatbelt the time to stop
increases to 0.8s.
This shows that an increase in the time to change
Calculate the force needed to stop
the momentum (stop an object) results in much
him in each situation.
less force being applied.
Model Answers
This is important for road safety as lots of safety
1. Momentum = m x v = 0.02 X 400
features in cars rely on increasing the time to stop
= 8kgm/s
in a collision.
2. Increases the time to change the
e.g. seat belts, crumple zones and airbags.
momentum and so the force is
reduced.
3. No seatbelt 80/0.2 = 400N
With seatbelt 80/0.8 = 100N
The momentum of an object depends on its mass
and its velocity
Momentum (kgm/s) = Mass (kg) x Velocity (m/s)
CLICK to reveal
MODEL ANSWER
Edexcel Motion and Forces P2.3 P2.4 –Potential and Kinetic Energy
Gravitational potential energy is gained by
raising an object against the force of gravity.
PE (J)= mass(kg) x gravity(10) x height(m)
Kinetic energy is the energy of moving objects
KE(J) = mass(kg) x velocity(m/s)2
2
As the boy climbs the
slide he does work to
gain GPE.
Work(J) = force(N) x distance(m)
As he descends the
slide, all this GPE is
changed into KE. This ignores friction and air
resistance.
Air resistance limits the speed of a falling
object to its terminal velocity. For a skydiver,
this is about 200km/h
Model Questions
1. The boy has a mass of 24kg.
Gravity = 10N/kg
Height of slide = 2m.
a. Calculate the work he does climbing to
the top of the slide.
b. How much GPE will he have at the top
of the slide?
c. How much KE will he have as he
reaches the ground? (ignore friction and
air resistance).
Model Answers
1a. W = f x d = (24 x 10) x 2 = 480J
b. Same as the work
= 480J
c. Same as GPE
= 480J
CLICK to reveal
MODEL ANSWER
P2.3 P2.4 Motion and Forces - Questions
The graph shows a d/t graph for a rambler.
1. What is the speed for the first 10
hours?
2. What is the average speed for the
whole walk?
3. How long did the rambler rest for?
A v/t graph for a fairground ride
1. What is the initial acceleration of the
ride?
2. What was happening between 5s
and 8s?
3. What happened after 8 s?
P2.3 P2.4 Motion and Forces - Answers
The graph shows a d/t graph for a rambler.
1. What is the speed for the first 10 hours?
Speed = distance/time = 10km/10h =
1km/h
2. What is the average speed for the whole
walk?
Total distance/total time = 14km/16h
= 0.875km/h
3. How long did the rambler rest for?
2 hours
A v/t graph for a fairground ride
1. What is the initial acceleration of the ride?
acceleration = change in velocity/time = 8/2 =
4m/s2
2. What was happening between 5s and 8s?
The ride is travelling at constant speed.
3. What happened after 8 s?
The ride decelerated to a stop.
Final test DTT Booster
Student name:
DTT Booster - Edexcel Additional
Motion and Forces
Final Test –Therapy Topic P2.3 P2.4
Question
Topic
Total Marks
1a
Forces
1
1b
Velocity and
acceleration
Force and
stopping
PE and KE
1
Change of
momentum
6
2
3
4 QWC
My Mark
R
A
G
4
3
15
Areas to improve:
Commissioned by The PiXL Club Ltd. February 2016
© Copyright The PiXL Club Ltd, 2016
This resource is strictly for the use of member schools for as long as they remain members of The PiXL
Club. It may not be copied, sold nor transferred to a third party or used by the school after membership
ceases. Until such time it may be freely used within the member school.
All opinions and contributions are those of the authors. The contents of this resource are not connected with
nor endorsed by any other company, organisation or institution.
www.pixl.org.uk
www.pixl.org.uk
The PiXL Club Ltd, Company number 07321607
The PiXL Club Ltd, Company number 07321607
• Students now complete the
final test.
• Compare this to what they
achieved in the diagnostic
test.