Download PowerPoint

Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION TO THE
STRUCTURAL UNITS
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
• Branches of Anatomy
– Gross Anatomy
– Microscopic Anatomy
– Developmental Anatomy
– Comparative Anatomy
– Systematic Anatomy
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
ANATOMIC TERMINOLOGY
• Terms Referring to Location or
Position and Direction
– Anterior or ventral
– Posterior or dorsal
– Cranial and caudal
– Superior and inferior
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
ANATOMIC TERMINOLOGY
• Terms Referring to Location or
Position and Direction
– Medial and lateral
– Proximal and distal
– Superficial or external
– Deep or internal
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
ANATOMIC TERMINOLOGY
• Terms Referring to Body Planes and
Sections
– Sagittal plane
– Mid-sagittal plane
– Coronal (frontal) plane
– Transverse plane
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
ANATOMIC TERMINOLOGY
• Terms Referring to Cavities of the
Body
– Dorsal cavity
– Cranial cavity
– Spinal cavity
– Thoracic cavity
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
ANATOMIC TERMINOLOGY
• Terms Referring to Cavities of the
Body
– Abdominopelvic cavity
– Abdominal cavity
– Pelvic cavity
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
ANATOMIC TERMINOLOGY
• Terms Referring to Regions in the
Abdominopelvic Cavity
– Upper or epigastric region
– Right hypochondriac region
– Left hypochondriac region
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
ANATOMIC TERMINOLOGY
• Terms Referring to Regions in the
Abdominopelvic Cavity
– Middle or umbilical region
– Right lumbar region
– Left lumbar region
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
ANATOMIC TERMINOLOGY
• Terms Referring to Regions in the
Abdominopelvic Cavity
– Lower or hypogastric region
– Right iliac region (inguinal)
– Left iliac region (inguinal)
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
ANATOMIC TERMINOLOGY
• Smaller Cavities
– Orbital cavity
– Nasal cavity
– Buccal cavity
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
LIFE FUNCTIONS
•
•
•
•
•
•
Movement
Ingestion
Digestion
Transport
Respiration
Synthesis
•
•
•
•
•
•
Assimilation
Growth
Secretion
Excretion
Regulation
Reproduction
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
• Early in human development, certain
groups of cells become highly
specialized for specific functions.
• Special cells grouped according to
function, shape, size, and structure
are called tissues.
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
• Tissues form larger structural units
known as organs.
• Groups of organs that work
together to perform a specific
function are called an organ system.
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.
BODY PROCESSES
•
•
•
•
Metabolism
Anabolism
Catabolism
Homeostasis
© 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.