Download Excretory System

The Excretory System
Can anyone remember what to excrete means?
The Excretory System
Can anyone remember what to excrete means?
TO GET RID OF!
The Excretory System
Urine Videos (Les Stroud)
Excretory (=To get rid of!) System
• Why do our bodies need to filter waste
from the body?
– Removal of harmful materials (WASTE)
– Maintain homeostasis (= BALANCE!)
– Regulates the amount of water and salts
– Removal of excess fluids, chemicals, minerals,
vitamins, salts, and other wastes from the
blood
Excretory (=To get rid of!) System
• We learned from the DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM that:
• The SOLID waste is removed by:
*the large intestines/rectum/anus.
• We will learn that GASEOUS waste
like CO2 and water vapor is
removed by the
*Respiratory System (LUNGS).
Excretory (=To get rid of!) System
• And the LIQUID waste like urea
(liquid wastes in blood) is
removed by: urinary system
• LIQUID waste is also removed in
the form of sweat by the:
*Integumentary System (skin).
UREA & YOUR KIDNEYS
• UREA is a chemical waste
product that comes from
your cells and the
breakdown of proteins.
• Your kidneys, which are the
major organs of the
excretory system, eliminate
urea, excess water and salts,
and other waste materials.
KIDNEYS & NEPHRONS
• Your kidneys contain about a million tiny filtering
factories called nephrons which act as blood filters
to do this:
*Remove waste from the blood & produce urine.
NEPHRONS = BLOOD FILTERS
• The liver also acts as a filter for the
blood, recycling the blood back into
the body. It helps to cleans out toxic
waste and acid in the blood.
• After filtering, the kidneys produce
urine, which flows through narrow
tubes called ureters, to the urinary
bladder (muscular organ), where it is
held until expelled through a small
tube called a urethra out of the body.
• KIDNEY NEPHRONS Produce URINE
• (8% sterile waste fluid, 92% water)
YOUR (URINARY) BLADDER
• The urinary bladder usually holds
400–620 ml (1¾– 2 ½ cups) of
urine.
• The desire to urinate usually starts
when the bladder reaches around
75% of its working volume.
• If the person is distracted, the need
can fade and return with more
urgency as the bladder continues
to fill.
• If the amount of urine reaches
100% of the urinary bladder
volume, the voluntary muscle that
controls the bladder, becomes
involuntary and the urine will be
instantly released.
Excretory System Problems
• Urinary tract infection- caused by
bacteria
• It is an infection that affects any part of
the urinary tract. The main cause is
bacteria called Escherichia coli. Although
urine contains a variety of fluids, salts,
and waste products, it does not usually
have bacteria in it. But when bacteria get
into the bladder or kidney and multiply
they may cause an infection.
• You may suffer repeated bouts of urinary
tract infection. Half of all women suffer a
urinary tract infection during their
lifetime. Many guys suffer from them as
well. And a third of those will present a
recurrence within 3 or 4 months of the
initial episode.
Excretory System Problems
• Blockage/kidney stones- tiny crystals or
“stones” of calcium and minerals form
• Kidney stones can form when urine
contains too much of certain substances.
These substances can create small
crystals that become stones.
• The biggest risk factor for kidney stones is
dehydration.
• Kidney stones may not produce
symptoms until they begin to move down
the tubes (ureters) through which urine
empties into the bladder. When this
happens, the stones can block the flow of
urine out of the kidneys. This causes
swelling of the kidney or kidneys, causing
pain. The pain is usually severe.
Excretory System Problems
• Kidney Disease/failure- requiring
transplant or dialysis
• Some people, however, may have
failed or damaged kidneys which
cannot carry out the function properly
- they may need dialysis. In other
words, dialysis is the artificial
replacement for lost kidney function.
• Approximately 1,500 liters of blood are
filtered by a healthy person's kidneys
each day. We could not live if waste
products were not removed from our
kidneys. People whose kidneys either
do not work properly or not at all
experience a buildup of waste in their
blood. Without dialysis the amount of
waste products in the blood would
increase and eventually reach levels
that would cause coma and death.
Excretory System Review
•What is the function of
the Excretory System?
Excretory System Review
• Excretory system: is
responsible for the removal of
wastes produced by the body
while it maintains homeostasis.
• It also maintains homeostasis
by regulating how much water
is in the body.
Excretory System Review
• The SOLID waste is removed by:___________
• The GASEOUS waste like CO2 and water vapor is
removed by the: _______
• And the LIQUID waste like urea is removed by:
_____ & waste is removed in the form of sweat
by the _____.
Excretory System Review
• The SOLID waste is removed by:_____large
intestines/rectum______
• The GASEOUS waste like CO2 and water vapor is removed by the:
___
____
lungs
urinary
• And the LIQUID waste like urea is removed by: __
system___ & waste is removed in the form of sweat by the
skin__.
___
Excretory System Review
•What is the function of
the kidneys?
• Your kidneys, filter your bloodstream,
eliminate urea, excess water and salts,
and other waste materials.
• Your kidneys contain about a million
tiny filtering factories called nephrons
which act as blood filters to do this:
• Remove waste from the blood and
produce urine.
Where is urine stored until the body is
ready to eliminate it?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Kidneys
Ureters
Bladder
Urethra
Which is not a function of the
excretory system?
1. Removes wastes from
the blood
2. Removes excess water
from the blood
3. Removes carbon
dioxide from the blood
4. Removes excess salt
from the blood
Which system does not include an
excretory organ?
1. Excretory system
2. Integumentary
system
3. Cardiovascular
system
4. Respiratory system
Excretory system Function:
1. responsible for the ____________________________________________while
it maintains homeostasis. It also maintains homeostasis by regulating how much
____________________ is in the body.
The SOLID waste is removed by:_____________________
The GASEOUS waste like CO2 and water vapor is removed by the: ___________
And the LIQUID waste like urea is removed by: _____________ & waste is
removed in the form of sweat by the __________.
The FILTERING process:
•__________________ is a chemical waste product that comes from your cells and
the breakdown of proteins.
•Your kidneys ,which are the major organs of the excretory system, eliminate urea,
excess water and salts, and other waste materials.
•Your kidneys contain about a million tiny filtering factories called
______________ which act as blood filters to do this:
_________________________________________________________________.
•The liver also acts as a filter for the blood, recycling the blood back into the body. .
It helps to cleans out toxic waste and acid in the blood.
•After filtering, the kidneys produce urine, which flows through narrow tubes
called _______________________, to the ____________________, where it is
held until expelled through a small tube called a ____________ out of the body.
•The urinary bladder usually holds 400–620 ml (1¾– 2 ½ cups) of urine. The desire
to urinate usually starts when the bladder reaches around 75% of its working
volume. If the person is distracted, the need can fade and return with more
urgency as the bladder continues to fill. If the amount of urine reaches 100% of the
urinary bladder volume, the voluntary muscle that controls the bladder, becomes
involuntary and the urine will be instantly released.
Rectum
(Behind Urethra)
(PART OF DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM)
Problems:
Excretory system:
is responsible for the removal of _wastes___ produced by
the body while it maintains homeostasis. It also maintains homeostasis by
regulating how much _______water & salt________ is in the body.
Kidneys
(Blood filters)
The SOLID waste is removed by:_____large intestines/rectum______
The GASEOUS waste like CO2 and water vapor is removed by the: ___lungs____
And the LIQUID waste like urea is removed by: __urinary system___ & waste is
removed in the form of sweat by the ___skin__.
The FILTERING process:
•____urea_____ is a chemical waste product that comes from your cells and the
breakdown of proteins.
•Your kidneys, which are the major organs of the excretory system, eliminate urea,
excess water and salts, and other waste materials.
Ureters
(Narrow tubes)
•Your kidneys contain about a million tiny filtering factories called
__nephrons______ which act as blood filters to do this:
______Remove waste from the blood and produce urine____________________.
•The liver also acts as a filter for the blood, recycling the blood back into the body. .
It helps to cleans out toxic waste and acid in the blood.
•After filtering, the kidneys produce urine, which flows through narrow tubes
called ____ureters______, to the _____urinary bladder______, where it is held
until expelled through a small tube called a __urethra___out of the body.
•The urinary bladder usually holds 400–620 ml (1¾– 2 ½ cups) of urine. The desire
to urinate usually starts when the bladder reaches around 75% of its working
volume. If the person is distracted, the need can fade and return with more
urgency as the bladder continues to fill. If the amount of urine reaches 100% of the
urinary bladder volume, the voluntary muscle that controls the bladder, becomes
involuntary and the urine will be instantly released.
Urinary
Bladder
Rectum
(Behind Urethra)
(PART OF DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM)
Problems:
Urethra