Download Name: _____________________ Mods: ______________ Unit

Name: ___________________________
Mods: _______________
Unit Four:
Matter
Properties & States of Matter
Chemistry: Dr. Wilhelm & Ms. Greendyk
Chemistry and Matter:
Chemistry is the study of the _________________,
What is chemistry?
______________ and ________________ of matter.
Matter is defined as anything that __________________
What is matter?
and ____________________________ .
1.
2.
Some examples of
matter are:
3.
4.
An element is a _____________ substance that is made up
What are elements?
of only ____________ kind of __________________ .
Atoms are _____________________ of an element that
What are atoms?
maintains the ____________________ of that element.
A compound is a substance made up of _______________
What are compounds?
elements that are _____________________________ .
Know your Elements!
Facts about elements:
1. Elements are the __________________ form of matter.
2. Elements are the _________________ of all substances and cannot be easily divided
into smaller subunits by ordinary _____________________ processes.
3. Elements are organized by _______________________ on the periodic table.
4. Elements are identified by their _______________________ .
Here is a list of some common elements and their symbols:
Element
Symbol
Hydrogen
Element
Potassium
Carbon
Sulfur
Sodium
Copper
Nitrogen
Silver
Oxygen
Gold
Fluorine
Iron
Helium
Nickel
Lead
Chlorine
Magnesium
Symbol
Zinc
Aluminum
Calcium
Who am I?.
Pb = _____________________
Na = _________________
C = ______________
Ca = _____________________
H = __________________
Fe = _____________
S = _____________________
Au = __________________
K = ______________
What are Compounds?
Facts about compounds:
1. Compounds are substances that are made up of __________________ types of atoms.
2. Atoms in a compound are held together by _________________ bonds.
3. Compounds can be ___________ into simpler substances through chemical processes.
4. Compounds are described using ________________________________. The symbols
tell what elements and the ___________________ tell us how many.
Some common compounds:
Name
Formula
Water
H2O
Carbon
dioxide
CO2
Sugar
C12H22O11
Sodium
chloride
NaCl
Ammonia
NH3
Hydrogen
peroxide
H2O2
Methane
CH4
Elements in the compound
Some chemical compounds can be very large.
This is the formula and structure of Cholesterol:
C27H46O
Properties of Matter
Properties of matter can be divided into two categories:
A ______________________ property can be observed or measured without changing the
identity of the substance.
A _____________________ property describes the ability of a substance to undergo changes
and turn into another substance. It changes the chemical identity of the substance.
Properties of Matter
List of some physical properties
List of some chemical properties
Identify if the following property is physical or chemical:
H2O has a melting point of 0°C and a boiling point of 100°C.
Physical / Chemical
Sodium (Na) metal reacts in water to form sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
Physical / Chemical
Sucrose (C12H22O11) dissolves in water to make a sweet solution.
Physical / Chemical
Changes of Matter
Changes of matter can be divided into two categories:
A ______________________ change is a change in a substance that does not change the
identity of the substance.
A _____________________ change is a change in which one or more substances are
converted into different substances with a new chemical identity.
A chemical change is also called a _________________________________________ .
Changes of matter
List of some physical changes
List of some chemical changes
Identify if the following change physical or chemical:
Magnesium (Mg) reacts with oxygen (O2), forming magnesium oxide (MgO). Physical / Chemical
Calcium carbonate (chalk), CaCO3, is ground into a fine powder.
Physical / Chemical
Sucrose (C12H22O11) dissolves in water to make a sweet solution.
Physical / Chemical
States of Matter
The three states of matter include:
Volume
Shape
Solid
Liquid
Gas
What are properties are similar and what properties are different?
Fill in the Venn diagram for the states of matter.
Solids
Liquid
Gas
Phase change +energy
Background to states of mater and phase changes:
1.
Particles of matter are in ________________________ motion.
2. Energy in motion is called ___________________ energy.
3. Temperature describes the __________________ energy of matter.
4. As temperature increases: kinetic energy (increases / decreases)
Particles move (faster / slower)
5. As temperature decreases: kinetic energy (increases / decreases)
Particles move ( faster / slower)
Now we can explain the role of energy and the change in state of matter:
When heated: matter changes from: Solid  _____________  ___________________
When cooled: matter changes from Liquid  _____________  ___________________
Change of state (phase change) is a _____________________ change (physical or chemical)
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Look at the front cover of the packet to complete this diagram: Phase Change and Matter.