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Tissues of the
Immune Response
Hugh B. Fackrell
Filename:tissuesv7
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Structure and Function
of the Lymphatic System
Lymphatic system
 Primary Lymphoid tissues
 Secondary Lymphoid Tissues
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Lymphatic System: Function
Generate lymphocytes committed to a
particular antigenic specificity
 Create an environment to trap antigens from
various tissues, spaces or fluids
 Provide sites where the committed
lymphocytes interact with the trapped
antigens
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Committed Lymphocytes

Immature lymphocytes

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generated by hematopoiesis of pleuripotent stem
cells within the bone marrow.
Lymphocytes mature in the primary lymphoid
organs
 Bone

Marrow, Thymus, Bursa (in birds)
Mature lymphocytes migrate to the secondary
lymphoid organs
 Lymph
tissues
nodes, spleen, mucosal associated lymphoid
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Primary Lymphoid Tissues

B cells
 Birds
 Bursa
of Fabricius
 Mammals
 Fetal Liver
 Bone Marrow

T Cells
 Thymus
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Bursa
Location
 Structure
 Function
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Avian Lymphoid System
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Bursa of Fabricius:Follicles
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Bursa of Fabricius: X-Section
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Bursa: B cell germinal centers
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B cell Origins
Hemopoietic stem cells develop in the fetal
liver
 Later they are produced in the Bone
Marrow
 “Bursal equivalent”
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Fetal liver: Hematopoiesis
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Bone Marrow Scanning EM
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Bone Marrow Differentiation
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Thymus
Location
 Structure
 Circulation
 Function
 Summary Diagram
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Thymus: Location
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Thymus: Lobules
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Thymus: X section
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Thymus: Development
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Thymus: Embrogenisis
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Thymus: Summary Diagram
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Athymic Mouse
“Nude” mouse - lacks hair follicles
 Lacks developed thymus
 few circulating T cells
 No cell mediated immunity
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“Nude Mouse”
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Lymph Nodes
Distribution
 Structure
 Circulation
 Function
 Summary Diagram
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Lymphatic System
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Node: Circulation
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Node: TD & TI areas
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Node: X section
Capsule
Cortex
Paracortex
Medulla
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Node: Diagram 2
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Cortex
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Node: Diagram
Primary Follicle
Efferent
lymphatic
Afferent lymphatic
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Node: B cells in cortex
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Node: Germinal Center
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Node: Reticular network
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Node Follicle:
Mantle of lymphocytes
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Paracortex
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Node T Cells Diffuse cortex
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Node: T Cells in Paracortex
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Node: T cell depletion
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Medulla
Thymic Dependent area
T cells localize
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Lymph Node: Medulla
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Node: LM Medulla
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Node: Medullary Sinus
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Node: Subcapsular Sinus
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Node: EM of Medulla
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Node: Primary Follicle
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Node: Diffuse Cortex
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Node: HEV
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Node: Diagram summary
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Spleen
Location
 Structure
 Circulation
 Immunological function
 Summary Diagram
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Spleen: Connective Tissue
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Spleen: X section low mag
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Spleen : X section higher mag
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Spleen: circulation
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Spleen EM: Marginal zone
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Marginal zone B cells
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Antigen localization in Spleen
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Spleen: Summary Diagram
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The End
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