Download ECE 4552: Medical Electronics

ECE 4552: Medical Electronics
Department of Electrical Engineering,
The University of Lahore, Lahore
QUESTION BANK
---Multiple Choice Questions
1) Multiple Neurons make a single __________
a) Axon
b) Nerve Fibre
c) Dendrites
d) None of above
2) Where does the body signal passes through at the beginning for decision before brain?
a) Muscles
b) Spinal Cord
c) Reflex arc
d) None of above
3) Which Channel gets open up after a stimulus is applied?
a) Na+
b) K+
c) Both a and b
d) None of above
4) Which Channel in Axon layer keep working to maintain the level of K+ and Na+?
a) DNA
b) RNA
c) KNA
d) ATP
5) NAP range is
a) 70 mv to 30mv
b) -70mv to 30 mv
c) -70mv to -30mv
d) 70mv to -30mv
6) Which chemical substance blocks ion movement across Axon?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Mayelin Sheath
Refractory Sheath
Ranvier Sheath
None of above
7) Multiple Muscle Fibres operate a single _________
a) Muscle
b) Motor End Plate
c) Nueromuscular junction
d) None of above
8) Multiple Nerve fibres operate a singe _________
a) Motor End Plate
b) Neuromuscular junction
c) Muscle Fibre
d) None of above
9) Needle Electrodes are of ____ types.
a) 2
b) 4
c) 5
d) 8
10) Which technique can be used for Feature extraction in EMG?
a)
b)
c)
d)
Fourier Transform
Wavelet Transform
All of above
None of above
11) Which technique of classification in EMG, is capable of learning?
a) Cost Function
b) Neural Networks
c) SVM
d) None of above
12) Optimization Technique in EMG leads towords?
a) Defining weigths
b) Defining parameters
c) Defining Algorithm
d) None of above
13) Which Nerve take the Data to Brain?
a) Sensory Nerve
b) Motor Nerve
c) Axon Nerve
d) All of above
14) Which Nerve bring Data to Muscles?
a) Sensory Nerve
b) Axon Nerve
c) Reflex Arc
d) None of Above
15) The Output of Peakdetector in SNCV test tells about the characteristics of _______.
a) MAP
b) NAP
c) CAP
d) None of above
16) Recording is done at 2 points in MNCV to eliminate ________
a) Noise
b) Junction delay
c) Both a and b
d) None of above
17) Which of the following is Non-Traditional Technique?
a) ECG
b) EEG
c) ENG
d) ERG
18) Which of the following is Traditional Tehnique?
a) EOG
b) EGaG
c) EDG
d) EKG
19) Brain is a structure of _______ Neurons.
a) 10^11
b) 9^11
c) 12^11
d) 20^11
20) EEG is related to the activities of _______.
a) Nerve fibres
b) Muscles
c) Brain
d) None of above
21) How many channels are required in EEG for Tumor Detection?
a) 16
b) 64
c) 32
d) Any of above
22) Cardiac muscle action potential ranges from
a) -90 mv to 30 mv
b) -90 mv to -30 mv
c) 90 mv to 30 mv
d) None of above
23) AV Node has frequiency that generate _________ pulses/min.
a) 50 to 60 Hz
b) 60 to 70 Hz
c) 30 to 40 Hz
d) 70 to 80 Hz
24) SA Node has frequiency that generate _________ pulses/min.
a) 50 to 60 Hz
b) 60 to 70 Hz
c) 30 to 40 Hz
d) 70 to 80 Hz
25) The Absolute Refreactory period in Cardiac Muscles is of
a) 250 ms
b) 350 ms
c) 150 ms
d) 100 ms
26) Under normal conditions, the Heart beats _______ times/min.
a)
b)
c)
d)
80
60
50
72
27) Under just normal conditions how much blood is pumped by heart in a cardiac cycle?
a) 3 litres
b) 4 litres
c) 5 litres
d) 6 litres
28) Heart develops about _____ W of mechanical power?
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 1
29) In one day heart produces _____ KJ of energy.
a) 120
b) 160
c) 115
d) 155
30) If SA and AV nodes desynchronize, ______ can occur.
a) Asthama attack
b) Heart attack
c) Epilepsy
d) All of above
31) Repolarization of Atrium and Depolarization of ventricle in ECG signal is terned as
a) QTS comples
b) GRS complex
c) ATP complex
d) QRS complex
32) The peak of ECG signal is _______
a) 200 mv
b) 130 mv
c) 160 mv
d) 100 mv
33) To artificially simulate pace in heart, we require_____ for 2 msec.
a) 5 V
b) 3 V
c) 7 V
d) 6 V
34) If any or both natural pacemakers become incapable of simulating Cardiac muscles properly
_______ occurs.
a) Strokes-Adam’s Disease
b) Strokes-Man Disease
c) Strokes-Heart Disease
d) Bone of above
35) In designing artificial pacemakers, we use pattern “X Y Z”, In it “X” is used for relating
a) Chamber being used
b) Chanber being sensed
c) Mode of operation
d) None of above
36) In designing artificial pacemakers, we use pattern “X Y Z”, In it “Y” is used for relating
a) Chamber being used
b) Chanber being sensed
c) Mode of operation
d) None of above
37) In designing artificial pacemakers, we use pattern “X Y Z”, In it “Z” is used for relating
a) Chamber being used
b) Chanber being sensed
c) Mode of operation
d) None of above
38) In External Defibrillators, peak current is usually
a) 50 A
b) 30 A
c) 40 A
d) 10 A
39) In External Defibrillators, a 50 A impulse is given for
a) 15 ms
b) 10 ms
c) 5 ms
d) 2 ms
40) An adult normal person’s chest resistance is usually
a) 50 – 150 Ohms
b) 30 – 180 Ohms
c) 10 – 100 Ohms
d) 100 – 180 Ohms
41) The Waveform applied to body in Defibrillators is called
a) Sine Waveform
b) Cosine Waveform
c) Lown Waveform
d) Haar Waveform
42) The amount of energy required for defibrillators to defibrillate is (E=1/2 I2Rt)
a) 312.5 J
b) 364.5 J
c) 278.5 J
d) 421.5 J
43) In Ultrasonic Blood velocity principle, Doppler shift is
a) Change in incident angle
b) Change in velocity
c) Change in frequency
d) None of above
44) Ultrasonic beam’s frequency is
a) >20 kHz
b) <20 kHz
c) 20khz
d) None of above
45) In non-ionizing radiation technique of image acquisition, projection is received on
a) Film
b) Transducer
c) Both a and b
d) None of above
46) How many levels of operation we have in medical (or normal) image processing?
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5
47) In Mid level processing, we get in output
a) Good quality of image
b) Knowledge of image
c) Geometric attributes of image
d) All of above
48) CT- Scan works on the technique of
a) Algebraic reconstruction
b) Neural Networks
c) Cost Function
d) None of above
49) A method of making X-RAY photographs of a selected plane of the body by dividing that into
slices is called
a) Plethysmography
b) Sphygmography
c) Tomography
d) Electrodermography
50) internal electrodes used in Defibrillators are of __________ type.
a) Paddle
b) Pod
c) Spoon
d) None of above
51) One of Vital Signs of life is?
a) Weather
b) Heart Beating
c) Respiration
d) None of above
52) When stimulus is applied
a) O+2 channel opens
b) Na+ channel opens
c) Repolarization starts
d) Both b and c
53) The time period in which no new NAP is generated is
a) Hyperpolarization time
b) Resting Potential
c) Threshold
d) Refractory period
54) Velocity of nerve depends upon _______ of the nerve.
a) Length
b) Width
c) Diameter
d) None
55) Saltatory conduction is also known as
a) Neural Conduction
b) Impulse Conduction
c) Jumping Conduction
d) None of above
56) Neuromuscular Junction serves as transition station where Na+ generates activity of
a) Al+3
b) CO2
c) K+
d) Ca+2
57) Neurons combine to form
a) Nerve fibres
b) Nerves
c) Muscles
d) Skin
58) Motor Nerves carry message from
a) Brain to Muscles
b) Muscle to Brain
c) Merves to Muscles
d) Muscles to Nerves
59) EOG is the Study of
a) Ratina
b) Muscle
c) Nerve
d) Eyes
60) Eppilepsy is the
a) Function characteristics of nerves
b) Non functional characteristics of muscle
c) Hyper activity in Brain
d) None
61) Pulmonary Artery carry Blood
a) From Lungs to Heart
b) From heart to lungs
c) From Lungs to Body
d) From body to Heart
62) Vein cary blood
a) Towards the Heart
b) Away from the Heart
c) Towards the body
d) Away from the Body
63) The Size of blood vessel ______ with the flow of blood.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Increases
Decreases
Remain same
Depends upon its type
64) Which of them is a tomographic technique?
a) SPET
b) X-RAY
c) PET
d) Both a and c
65) Which one is a reflection based Medical imaging?
a) Ultrasound
b) X-Ray
c) MRI
d) CT Scan
66) Which one is Hybrid Technique of Medical imaging?
a) Ultrasound
b) MRI
c) PET
d) SPET
67) To obtain MRI of an object, the ovject is placed in a uniform magnetic field of between
___________ Tesla.
a) 5 to 10
b) 2.5 to 5.5
c) 1 to 2
d) 0.5 to 1.5
68) Which type of image is just a single two dimensional array carry “0” or “1” only?
a) Black and white
b) Grey scale image
c) Colored image
d) All of above
69) ECoG stands for
a) Electrocariography
b) electrocorticography
c) electroclinicalgraphy
d) electroorthopadicgraphy
70) The equation of blood flow measurement using Doppler Effect
a) fD = fT(2v/c) sinθ
b) fD = fp(2v/c) cosθ
c) fD = fT(2v/c) cosθ
d) fD = fT(4v/c) cosθ
71) Automated defiblator uses
a) gel electrode
b) needle electrodes
c) pad type electrode
d) non of these
72) which type of plathysmography is commonly used for pulse rate measurement
a) impedence type
b) capacitive type
c) optical plathysmography
d) strain gage type
73) If four level of gray scale image takes 2 bits then how many bits required for coloured
image
a) 4
b) 6
c) 8
d) 16
74) what is the normal range of systolic and diastolic measurement of blood pressure
a) 140/60
b) 160/40
c) 120/80
d) 180/80
75) Technique which is used to pick up the picture of slice sample from the body without
cutting is known as
a) MRI
b) X-ray
c) Tomography
d) Ultrasound
76) What is the frequency range of normal EEG signal
a) 4Hz to 7Hz
b) 8Hz to 12Hz
c) 0.1Hz to 3Hz
d) 30Hz to 300Hz
77) Blood velocity measurement can be made using
a) microwaves
b) gamma waves
c) pizzo electric waves
d) ultrasonics waves
78) ______ generates/ processes the signals in neurons and send to _______
a) Axons, Dendrites
b) Dendrites, Axons
c) Spinal cord, Dendrites
d) None of these
79) Which of the following can be used to monitor performance of the skeletal mucleses ____
a) EMG
b) EOG
c) ECG
d) ERG
80) Neourons communicate with each other by sending electrical impulses called ________
a) Membrance potential
b) Action potential
c) Neuro transmitter
d) None
81) Typical threshold Charge across membrance of neuron to generate NAP is about _______
a) 70 mV
b) 55 mV
c) -55 mV
d) -70 mV
82) During resting potential charge outside membrance of axon with reference to inside is
positive because:
a) Potassium ions are negative
b) Sodium ions are negative
c) More Sodium ions inside as compared to Potassium ions outside
d) None of above
83) When the cell become permeable to Na the charge changes to ______ this is called _______
a) 70mv, Repolarization
b) 30mv, Depolarization
c) 55mv, hyperpolarization
d) 70mv, hyperpolarization
84) If the stimulation of a cell is strong the strength of action potential would be ________
a)
b)
c)
d)
stronger than that produced by weak stimulation
twice than that produced by weak stimulation
weaker than that produced by weak stimulation
No different that produced by weak stimulation
85) Which of the following are involved neural action potential ______
a) Na+
b) K+
c) All of above
d) none of above
86) ECG is the picture of electrical activity of _________
a) Skin
b) Brain
c) Heart
d) Muscles
87) EEG electrodes are ______ in size than ECG
a) Equal
b) Smaller
c) Large
d) Twice
88) An typical ECG measurement takes ______ leads to give us different views of heart
a) 12
b) 14
c) 8
d) 20
89) Heart’s electrical activity resembles that of a ___________
a) Capacitor
b) Inductor
c) Dipole
d) Resistor
90) T wave is produced during _______
a) Atrial depolarization
b) Atrial repolarization
c) Repolarization of ventricle
d) Depolarization of ventricle
91) Which of the following are responsible for pace making in human heart ________
a) AV node
b) SA node
c) Perkinjie fiber
d) All of above
92) Which system is a chemical communication network that sends control signals via blood
stream?
a) Neuromuscular
b) digestive
c) Endocrine
d) Central
93) SA pacemaker is situated _______
a) In right atrium, near superior vena cava
b) in the wall of left autrical closed to aorta
c) on interventricular spectrum
d) None
94) The heart beat is intiated by ______
a) SA node
b) AV node
c) purkinjie fiber
d) both SA and AV node
95) The contraction of heart during heart beat is known as ________
a) Diastole
b) Systole
c) Diastasis
d) None
96) P-wave in ECG is produced by ______
a) communication of ventricle
b) Activation of SA node
c) Beginning of ventricular relation
d) Discharge of impulse response from AV node
97) What is major concern with MRI
a) Reaction to applied drugs
b) Extreme cold
c) Radiation doze
d) Metallic objects
98) What does MRI stands for _______
a) Magnetic real imaging
b) medical radiation imaging
c) magnetic resonance imaging
d) magnetic radiology imaging
99) Plethysmography is technique used to measure change in ______ of different body parts
a) Area
b) volume
c) velocity
d) None of above
100)
a)
b)
c)
d)
Flyback transformer is used for charging the capacitor in ______ circuit
Fibrillation
defebrillation
both (a) and (b)
pacemaker
Short questions
(Answer should not exceed 3 lines)
1. Name of junction between nerve and muscle…?
2. What are major components of Neuromuscular System?
3. Define normal EEG/EMG/ECG?
4. Explain electrodes for EMG measurements.
5. Draw 10-20 grids for EEG measurement.
6. What are evoke potential test?
7. What is EMG/ EEG based Exoskeleton/Prosthesis?
8. Name of nontraditional physiological measurement…..?
9. What are major components of Cardiovascular System?
10. What is cardiac vector?
11. Write names of 12 Leads of ECG.
12. What is the function of Sinoatrial (SA) node, and Atrio-ventricular (AV) node in the electrical
system of heart?
13. What is stroke-Adam’s disease…?
14. Draw block diagram of ECG based Electronic Heart Beat Monitor.
15. Explain 5 letter pacemaker nomenclature.
16. Draw the block diagram circuit for VVT pacemaker…..?
17. Name of electrodes used in defibrillator circuit…….?
18. Draw circuit diagram of automated defibrillator.
19. What are different categories of the image acquisition techniques?
20. Write the names of different tomography techniques