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SLO Test GPS’s
**Remember: we don’t know what is going to be on your SLO, but we’ve covered all the GPS’s so you need to
make sure you review and study. The SLO will count for a grade. You must STUDY! You will test on TUESDAY
and WEDNESDAY**
Use this as a study tool to help you study for your final/SLO. You test will take 2 days (120 minutes)
and will be multiple choice and short answer. This is broken down by GPS with a sample multiple
choice and short answer questions.
SSWH1 The student will analyze the origins, structures, and interactions of complex societies in the ancient Eastern
Mediterranean from 3500 BCE to 500 BCE. (a, c, e) [cultural diffusion]
A. Describe the development of Mesopotamian societies; include the religious, cultural, economic, and political facets of society, with
attention to Hammurabi’s law code.
C. Explain the development of monotheism; include the concepts developed by the ancient Hebrews, and Zoroastrianism.
E. Explain the development and importance of writing; include cuneiform, hieroglyphics, and the Phoenician alphabet.
• If a son has struck his father, they shall cut off his hand.
• If a seignior has destroyed the eye of a member of the aristocracy, they shall destroy his eye.
• If he has broken another seignior’s bone, they shall break his bone.
Which document contains these statements as shown above?
A. Ten Commandments
B. Code of Hammurabi
C. Edicts of Asoka
D. Twelve Tables
Jewish and Christian beliefs differ from the Greco-Roman tradition in matters concerning the importance of
A the role of law.
B individual morality.
C belief in one God.
D the family unit.
Short Answer: What is Cultural Diffusion – give an example.
Short Answer: Explain the importance of the Phoenician Alphabet on modern society.
Short Answer: Explain the concept of Monotheism.
SSWH2 The student will identify the major achievements of Chinese and Indian societies from 1100 BCE to 500 CE. (d)
SSWH3 The student will examine the political, philosophical, and cultural interaction of Classical Mediterranean societies from
700 BCE to 400 CE. (a) [b]
A. Compare the origins and structure of the Greek polis, the Roman Republic, and the Roman Empire.
B. Identify the ideas and impact of important individuals; include Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle and describe the diffusion of Greek culture
by Aristotle’s pupil Alexander the Great and the impact of Julius and Augustus Caesar.
Important long-term contributions of Ancient Greek and Roman civilizations are primarily found in the area of
A. military technology
C. economic policy and planning
B. religious doctrine
D. government and law
Short Answer: Why did Plato feel democracy was an ideal government?
Short Answer: What were some Alexander the Great’s lasting achievements?
SSWH4 The student will analyze the importance of the Byzantine and Mongol empires between 450 CE and 1500 CE. (b, c, d, e,
f) [NO F GPS]
A. Analyze the importance of Justinian, include the influence of the Empress Theodora, Justinian’s Code, and Justinian’s efforts to
recapture the west.
B. Describe the relationship between the Roman and Byzantine Empires; include the impact Byzantium had on Moscow and the Russian
Empire, the effect of Byzantine culture on Tsar Ivan III and Kiev, and the rise of Constantinople as a center for law, religion, and the arts.
C. Explain the Great Schism of 1054 CE.
D. Analyze the spread of the Mongol Empire; include the role of Chinggis (Genghis) Khan in developing the empire, the impact of the
Mongols on Russia, China and the West, the development of trade, and European observations through the writings of Marco Polo.
E. Explain the Ottoman Empire’s role in the decline of Byzantium and the capture of Constantinople in 1453 CE.
Which development is most closely associated with the beginning of the Byzantine Empire?
A. emergence of the Russian Orthodox Church B. division of the Roman Empire
C. building of the Hagia Sophia
D. fall of Constantinople
An influence that spread from the Byzantine Empire to Early Russia was the
A. Orthodox Christian religion
B. use of the Latin alphabet
C. beginning of democracy
D. factory system
Short Answer: Why was Justinian’s Code Important?
SSWH5 The student will trace the origins and expansion of the Islamic World between 600 CE and 1300 CE. (a, b, c, e, g) [NO G]
C. Explain the reasons for the split between Sunni and Shia Muslims.
D. Identify the contributions of Islamic scholars in medicine (Ibn Sina) and geography (Ibn Battuta).
E. Describe the impact of the Crusades on both the Islamic World and Europe.
F. Analyze the relationship between Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.
Muslims’ reference to Christians and Jews as “People of the Book” demonstrates they all shared a belief in
A. The Pope
B. Monotheism
C. The Five Relationships
D. Dharma
Base your answer for the following question on the speaker’s statements below and your knowledge of Social Studies
Speaker A: We must fight to keep control of Jerusalem in the hands of those who believe in Allah
Speaker B: Come and battle while there is still time to protect the Holy Land where Christ walked
Speaker C: We must go forth to heal the split between the churches
Speaker D: An investment in ships and knights will yield control of profitable trade routes
Which speaker expresses a Muslim viewpoint of the Crusades?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Both Ibn Battuta and Mansa Musa demonstrated their religious values by
A. meditating along the banks of the Ganges River
B. converting Africans to Christianity
C. making a pilgrimage to Mecca
D. visiting the wailing wall in Jerusalem
Short Answer: What disagreements led to the Sunni/Shia Muslim Split?
SSWH6 The student will describe the diverse characteristics of early African societies before 1800 CE. (b)
b. Describe the development and decline of the Sudanic kingdoms (Ghana, Mali, Songhai); include the roles of Sundiata, and the
pilgrimage of Mansa Musa to Mecca.
One similarity between the Ancient African kingdoms of Egypt, Ghana, Mali and Songhai is that all of these kingdoms were
located
A. in mountainous terrain
B. in coastal areas
C. on major trading routes
D. in rain forest areas
Mansa Musa’s journey to Mecca in the 1300’s is evidence that
A. the Crusades had a great influence on western Africa
B. most African leaders were educated in the Middle East
C. European culture was superior to the cultures of western Africa D. Islam had a major influence on the Mali Empire
Short Answer: What effect did the pilgrimage of Mansa Musa have on Africa?
SSWH7 The student will analyze European medieval society with regard to culture, politics, society, and economics. (a, c, b)
SSWH8 The student will demonstrate an understanding of the development of societies in Central and South America. (a, b)
A. Explain the rise and fall of the Olmec, Mayan, Aztec, and Inca empires.
B. Compare the culture of the Americas; include government, economy, religion, and the arts of the Mayans, Aztecs, and Incas.
One way in which the Aztec and Inca civilizations are similar is that they both
A. defeated the Spanish conquistadors
B. developed advanced architectural techniques
D. Lacked strong central government’s
D. Settled primarily in river valleys
Short Answer: Compare the cultures of the Maya, Aztecs and Incas.
SSWH9 The student will analyze change and continuity in the Renaissance and Reformation. (b, d, e, f, g)
B. Identify artistic and scientific achievements of Leonardo da Vinci, the “Renaissance man,” and Michelangelo.
D. Analyze the impact of the Protestant Reformation; include the ideas of Martin Luther and John Calvin.
F. Describe the English Reformation and the role of Henry VIII and Elizabeth I.
In Europe, a major characteristic of humanism was
A. a belief in the supremacy of the state in relation to individual rights
B. a rejection of ancient civilizations and their cultures
C. an emphasis on social control and obedience to national rulers
D. an appreciation for the basic worth of individual achievement
Martin Luther’s posting of the Ninety-Five Theses is considered by many to be a turning point in history because
A. the Pope’s right to sell indulgences was strengthened
B. Luther soon became the leader of Germany
C. the power of the Roman Catholic Church was lessened and royal power grew
D. the Roman Catholic Church unified the German states
Short Answer: How did Elizabeth I resolve the conflicts of the English Reformation?
Short Answer: Explain the European Renaissance. [where it began, it’s meaning and impact]
Short Answer: The phrase “Renaissance Man” has been used to describe Leonardo da Vinci. Why is this phrase used to
describe da Vinci?
SSWH10 The student will analyze the impact of the age of discovery and expansion into the Americas, Africa, and Asia. (a, b, c)
A. Explain the roles of explorers and conquistadors; include Zheng He, Vasco da Gama, Christopher Columbus, Ferdinand Magellan,
James Cook, and Samuel de Champlain.
B. Define the Columbian Exchange and its global economic and cultural impact.
C. Explain the role of improved technology in European exploration; include the astrolabe.
In the late 1400s and early 1500s, what was a major reason for the European voyages of exploration?
A. introduction of Enlightenment ideas
B. desire to control Constantinople
C. rapid industrialization
D. need for alternate trade routes
A major result of the Age of Exploration was
A. a long period of peace and prosperity for the nations of Western Europe
B. extensive migration of people from the Western Hemisphere to Europe and Asia
C. the fall of European national monarchies and the end of the power of the Catholic Church
D. the end of regional isolation and the beginning of a period of European global domination
Which of these events during the Age of Exploration was a cause of the other three?
A. Europeans brought food, animals, and ideas from one continent to another
B. European diseases had an adverse effect on the native populations of new territories
C. warfare increased as European nations competed for land and power
D. advances in learning and technology made long ocean voyages possible
Short Answer: Describe the impact that the Age of Discovery has had on the Americas, Africa and Asia. Include the
Columbian Exchange and improved technology in exploration.
SSWH11 Students will investigate political and social changes in Japan and in China from the seventeenth century CE to midnineteenth century CE. (b)
SSWH12 The student will examine the origins and contributions of the Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal empires. (b) [A]
A. Describe the geographical extent of the Ottoman Empire during the rule of Suleyman the Magnificent, the Safavid Empire during the
reign of Shah Abbas I, and the Mughal Empire during the reigns of Babur and Akbar.
Short Answer: Explain the origins of the Ottoman, Safavid and Mughal Empires.
SSWH13 The student will examine the intellectual, political, social, and economic factors that changed the world view of
Europeans. (a)
A. Explain the scientific contributions of Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, and Newton and how these ideas changed the European world
view.
Galileo Galilei and Sir Issac Newton are most closely associated with
A. initiating religious reforms
B. leading political revolutions
C. conducting investigative experiments
D. engaging in foreign conquests
The findings of Newton were significant because, from their time on, scientific thought was based upon
A. observation and experimentation
B. the ideas of the classic philosophers
C. traditional ways of thinking
D. the authority of the church
What was one effect of Copernicus’ theory of a sun-centered solar system?
A. It resulted in a decline in pagan religions
B. It required a revision of the Christian calendar
C. It disputed Church teachings regarding the universe
D. It allowed sailors to predict tides more accurately
Short Answer: Explain the scientific contributions of Galileo and Newton
SSWH14 The student will analyze the Age of Revolutions and Rebellions. (b, c, d)
B. Identify the causes and results of the revolutions in England (1689), United States (1776), France (1789), Haiti (1791), and Latin
America (1808-1825).
D. Examine the interaction of China and Japan with westerners; include the Opium War, the Taiping Rebellion, and Commodore Perry.
Which issue was a cause of the French Revolution?
A. ineffective rule of Napoleon Bonaparte
B. nationalization of the Church
C. outrage over the use of the guillotine by the Committee of Public Safety
D. demand of the Third Estate for more political power
Which of these events related to the French Revolution occurred first?
A. Napoleon became emperor of France.
B. The Declaration of the Rights of Man was issued.
C. Louis XVI called the Estates General into session.
D. The Committee of Public Safety led the Reign of Terror.
Short Answer: Compare the French Revolution to the American Revolution
SSWH15 The student will be able to describe the impact of industrialization, the rise of nationalism, and the major
characteristics of worldwide imperialism. (a, b, d)
A. Analyze the process and impact of industrialization in England, Germany, and Japan, movements for political reform, the
writings of Adam Smith and Karl Marx, and urbanization and its affect on women.
Use the reading below to answer the question:
The streets were hot and dusty on the summer day. Stokers emerged from low underground doorways into factory yards,
and sat on steps and posts, and palings, wiping their swarthy visages, and contemplating coals. The whole town seemed to
be frying in oil. There was a stifling smell of hot oil everywhere. The steam-engines shone with it, the mills throughout their
many stories oozed and trickled with it. –Charles Dickens, Hard Times, 1854.
The historical era most likely referred to in this quotation is the
A. Industrial Revolution
B. French Revolution
B. Great Awakening
D. Enlightenment
Short Answer: What conditions during the Industrial Revolution supported Karl Marx’s ideas?
SSWH16 The student will demonstrate an understanding of long-term causes of World War I and its global impact.
A. Identify the causes of the war; include Balkan nationalism, entangling alliances, and militarism.
B. Describe conditions on the war front for soldiers; include the Battle of Verdun.
C. Explain the major decisions made in the Versailles Treaty; include German reparations and the mandate system that replaced Ottoman
control.
D. Analyze the destabilization of Europe in the collapse of the great empires; include the Romanov and Hapsburg dynasties
The Schlieffen Plan was designed by the German military to
A address U.S. troop deployments in France.
C neutralize Great Britain’s naval control of the North Sea.
B strengthen the defense of Germany’s colonies in Africa.
D avoid the problem of fighting Allied powers on two fronts
Short Answer: How did the alliance system contribute to World War I?
Short Answer: Explain the major effects of the Treaty of Versailles.
SSWH17 The student will be able to identify the major political and economic factors that shaped world societies between World
War I and World War II.
A. Examine the impact of the war on science, art, and social thinking by identifying the cultural significance of Sigmund Freud, Albert
Einstein, and Picasso.
B. Determine the causes and results of the Russian Revolution from the rise of the Bolsheviks under Lenin to Stalin’s first Five Year Plan.
C. Describe the rise of fascism in Europe and Asia by comparing the policies of Benito Mussolini in Italy, Adolf Hitler in Germany, and
Hirohito in Japan.
D. Analyze the rise of nationalism as seen in the ideas of Sun Yat Sen, Mustafa Kemal Attaturk, and Mohandas Ghandi.
E. Describe the nature of totalitarianism and the police state that existed in Russia, Germany, and Italy and how they differ from
authoritarian governments.
F. Explain the aggression and conflict leading to World War II in Europe and Asia; include the Italian invasion of Ethiopia, the Spanish Civil
War, the rape of Nanjing in China, and the German annexation of the Sudetenland.
Both the Italian Fascists and the German Nazis gained power partly because they
A had the support of an electoral majority of their nations’ peoples.
B carefully followed accepted democratic political practices.
C used terror tactics against political opponents.
D represented the ideas of compromise and prudent government.
Use the following information to answer the question.
My good friends, for the second time in our history, a British Prime Minister has returned from Germany bringing peace
with honor. I believe it is peace for our time . . . . Go home and get a nice quiet sleep.
—Neville Chamberlain, April 30, 1938 (following his return from the Munich Conference)
The statement reflects the British belief that which of the following policies would prevent another war?
A containment
B isolation
C reparation
D appeasement
Short Answer: Describe the nature of Totalitarianism.
Short Answer: Compare the rise of Fascism in Italy to the rise of Nazism in Germany
SSWH18 The student will demonstrate an understanding of the global political, economic, and social impact of World War II.
A. Describe the major conflicts and outcomes; include Pearl Harbor, El-Alamein, Stalingrad, D-Day, Guadalcanal, the Philippines, and the
end of the war in Europe and Asia.
B. Identify Nazi ideology, policies, and consequences that led to the Holocaust.
C. Explain the military and diplomatic negotiations between the leaders of Great Britain (Churchill), the Soviet Union (Stalin), and the
United States (Roosevelt/Truman) from Teheran to Yalta and Potsdam and the impact on the nations of Eastern Europe.
D. Explain allied Post-World War II policies; include formation of the United Nations, the Marshall Plan for Europe, and MacArthur’s plan for
Japan.
During World War II, the importance of the D-Day invasion of 1944 was that it
A. forced Germany to fight on multiple fronts
B. made Germany move their military to the Russian front
C. ended the bombing of Germany
D. demonstrated German military dominance
The United Nations was created primarily to
A. prosecute persons accused of war crimes
C. channel relief aid to war-torn nations
B. contain the spread of communism
D. provide a means of solving international problems
The purpose of both the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan was to
A. support the construction of the Iron Curtain
B. increase membership in the United Nations
C. prevent the spread of communism
D. attempt to solve world hunger
Short Answer: Explain the impact of Pearl Harbor on WWII.
SSWH19 The student will demonstrate an understanding of the global social, economic, and political impact of the Cold War and
decolonization from 1945 to 1989.
A. Analyze the revolutionary movements in India (Gandhi, Nehru), China (Mao Zedong, Chiang Kai-shek), and Ghana.
B. Describe the formation of the state of Israel.
C. Explain the arms race; include development of the hydrogen bomb (1954) and SALT (Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty, 1972).
D. Compare and contrast the reforms of Khrushchev and Gorbachev.
E. Analyze efforts in the pursuit of freedom; include anti-apartheid, Tiananmen Square, and the fall of the Berlin Wall
Which leader is associated with civil disobedience and the Salt March?
A. Kwame Nkrumah
B. Mohandas Gandhi
C. Jomo Kenyatta
D. Ho Chi Minh
During the Cold War, which event occurred last?
A. Cuban missile crisis
C. Berlin airlift
B. destruction of the Berlin Wall
D. launch of Sputnik by the Soviet Union
The primary goal of the student protests in Tiananmen Square (1989) was to
A. support the policies of the Chinese Communist Party
B. decrease the amount of Western influence in China
C. encourage the spread of industrialization throughout China D. increase political freedom and rights in China
Short Answer: How did the arms race contribute to the Cold War?
SSWH20 The student will examine change and continuity in the world since the 1960s.
A. Identify ethnic conflicts and new nationalisms; include pan-Africanism, pan- Arabism, and the conflicts in Bosnia-Herzegovina and
Rwanda.
B. Describe the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991 that produced independent countries; include Ukraine, Kazakhstan, and the Baltic
States.
C. Analyze terrorism as a form of warfare in the 20th century; include Shining Path, Red Brigade, Hamas, and Al Qaeda; and analyze the
impact of terrorism on daily life; include travel, world energy supplies, and financial markets.
D. Examine the rise of women as major world leaders; include Golda Meir, Indira Gandhi, and Margaret Thatcher.
Changes in the political borders of Eastern European countries during the 1990s were a result of the
A. failure of communism
B. expansion of the Warsaw Pact
C. end of free trade
D. decline of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Short Answer: Explain how terrorism has impacted world travel.
SSWH21 The student will analyze globalization in the contemporary world.
A. Describe the cultural and intellectual integration of countries into the world economy through the development of television, satellites,
and computers.
B. Analyze global economic and political connections; include multinational corporations, the United Nations, OPEC, and the World Trade
Organization.
The policies of the European Union (EU) and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) have both resulted in
A. an increase in interdependence
B. the expansion of totalitarianism
C. an improvement in containment efforts
D. the support of isolationist practices
Which issue has raised significant environmental concerns in the Amazon Basin?
A. desertification
B. tsunami threats
C. deforestation
D. acid rain
Many scientists believe global warming is the direct result of
A. using solar panels
C. generating nuclear power
B. burning fossil fuels
D. producing hydroelectric power
Short Answer: Explain how the blending of cultures in the modern world has been changed through the use of
technology
describe means “to illustrate something in words or tell about it”
explain means “to make plain or understandable; to give reasons for or causes of; to show the logical development
or relationships of”
discuss means “to make observations about something using facts, reasoning, and argument; to present in some
detail”