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Johann Sebastian Bach 1685-1750 Composer, Organist, Music Director German Baroque Period Life -came from family of musicians: learned violin and harpsichord at an early age -worked several jobs as a musician and composer -most prestigious job was as the music director for the school and churches in Leipzig -married twice, had 20 children (10 of whom survived until adulthood) Music -lots of music for church services -wrote for keyboard (organ and harpsichord), orchestra, and choir -Fugue: composition built on a theme that is imitated, kind of like a round Baroque Period 1600-1750 -instruments become more important -more complex and difficult to perform -lots of ornamentation -established opera The Organ -produces sound by pumping air through whistle-like pipes -the air used to be controlled by one or more people physically pumping bellows; nListening Toccata and Fugue in D minor -one of the most famous pieces for organ of all time -begins with free-flowing toccata, then goes into structured fugue Listening Toccata and Fugue in D minor -one of the most famous pieces for organ of all time -begins with free-flowing toccata, then goes into structured fugue The Well-Tempered Clavier -collection of 24 preludes and fugues -"Well-Tempered" because it defined how the keyboard should be tuned -Prelude in C Major: first piece in the collection, most well-knownow it's done by machine