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Transcript 
Energy Harvesting Wireless
Sensors for Greenhouse/Climate
Control Applications
Cory Ross (100684747)
Evan Geiger (100769090)
Husam Albeldawi (100810274)
Cameron Barr (100794128)
Supervisor: Niall Tait
Agenda
• MOTIVATION AND OBJECTIVE
• MANAGEMENT AND DISTRIBUTION OF LABOUR
• COMPONENT CONSTRUCTION AND APPLICATION
• SENSORS
• CO2 SENSOR
• HUMIDITY/TEMPERATURE SENSORS
• MICROCONTROLLER
• COMMUNICATION/INTERCONNECT
• PC INTERFACING
• POWER STORAGE AND CHARGE CONTROL
THE UNIT!
• Block Diagram here
Motivation
• Wide Variety of Applications in many locations requiring
dynamic and versatile environmental monitoring and
control
• Especially effective:
• Retrofitting Old Environmental Controls in Existing
Buildings
• Warehouse/Storage monitoring
• Greenhouse condition monitoring
Management and Distribution of Labour
• Sensor Network and Microcontroller Programming
• Node Communication
• PC Interface and Power Systems
• Design and Construction of a CO2 Sensor
NDIR Spectrum
[1] Steven Lord. Gemini Observatory.
http://www.astronomy.ohiostate.edu/~pogge/Ast161/Unit5/Images/atmos_nirtran.png. Accessed Sept 23,2012.
Sensors: CO2
[2] Buchner, R., et al.: Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on commercializing micro- and
nanotechnology (COMS2009). 2009. Copenhagen.
Sensors: Humidity and Temperature
[3]
• TMP275 Temperature Sensor
• Low power
• Digital output, onboard 12-bit ADC
• HIH-5030 Humidity Sensor
• low voltage, low power operation
• analog output, 0.5% R.H. Accuracy
[3] http://www.ti.com/product/tmp275
[4] http://sensing.honeywell.com/product%20page?pr_id=44871
[4]
Microcontroller
[3]
• Silicon labs 8051F996DK
• “Ultra-Low” power microcontroller development kit
• 150 µA/MHz in active mode
• 300 nA sleep mode
• Onboard 12 bit ADC
• 17 port I/O
[3] http://www.silabs.com/Support%20Documents/TechnicalDocs/C8051F996-DK.pdf
Communication
• Point-to-Point Network Topology
• ZigBee Protocol
[5] Faludi, Robert. Wireless Sensor Networks. 1st Edition. Sebastopol: O'Reilly Media, 2011. Print.
Radio Frequency Transceiver
• XBee-Pro S2 with Integrated Chip Antenna
• High Performance, Low Power, Low Cost
• 295mA Tx Current, 45mA Rx Current (@ 3.3V)
• Indoor Range up to 90m
• Receiver Sensitivity of -102 dBm
[6] XBee Pro Series 2 Chip Antenna. 2012. MindKits, Auckland. Web. 11 March 2013.
Communication
• Serial Interface Protocol: Application Programming
Interface (API)
• Transmit Power Output of Data is +17dBm
[7] "XBee/XBee-PRO ZB RF Modules." Digi International Inc. N.p. Web. 11 March 2013.
PC Interface
• Responsible for processing and displaying received data
[8] Devon. Xbee API Packet, Home Automation System - An engineering project. June 5, 2012.
www.theskyway.net/en/home-automation-system-an-engineering-project-ee5 (accessed March 10, 2013).
PC Interface
• Written in Python
• Modules used:
• Matplotlib for plotting
• Tkinter for graphics
• PIL for imaging
• PySerial for data acquisition
• Data processing done here as much as possible to
reduce MC power consumption
PC Interface
PC Interface
Charge Control/Storage Circuit
• Voltage Regulator – TI LP2951
• High accuracy output (1.4% at 25 C)
• Steady over Temperature (2%)
• Adjustable output
• Wide input range
• Low Dropout
Charge Control/Storage Circuit
Charge Control/Storage Circuit
Charge Control/Storage Circuit
Charge Control/Storage Circuit
Charge Control/Storage Circuit
Charge Control/Storage Circuit
Charge Control/Storage Circuit
• Rechargeable Batteries Used for charge storage
• Can store much more charge and are more stable than
capacitors
• 1.2V 2500 mAh C-Cells used
• Ni-Metal Hydride
Energy Harvesting
• Typical Solar Cell can provide needed 6V input
• IXOLAR Mono Solar Cell 42mm x 35mm
• 6.3V Output, 50mA Short Circuit Current
Thank You For Your Time!
References
• [1] Steven Lord. Gemini Observatory.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
http://www.astronomy.ohiostate.edu/~pogge/Ast161/Unit5/Images/atmos_nirtran.p
ng. Accessed Sept 23,2012.
[2] Buchner, R., et al.: Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on
commercializing micro- and nanotechnology (COMS2009). 2009. Copenhagen.
[3] http://www.ti.com/product/tmp275
[4] http://sensing.honeywell.com/product%20page?pr_id=44871
[5] Faludi, Robert. Wireless Sensor Networks. 1st Edition. Sebastopol: O'Reilly
Media, 2011. Print.
[6] XBee Pro Series 2 Chip Antenna. 2012. MindKits, Auckland. Web. 11 March
2013.
[7] "XBee/XBee-PRO ZB RF Modules." Digi International Inc.. N.p.. Web. 11
March 2013.
[8] Devon. Xbee API Packet, Home Automation System - An engineering project.
June 5, 2012. www.theskyway.net/en/home-automation-system-an-engineeringproject-ee5 (accessed March 10, 2013).
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