Download ATP and Cell Respiration

ADP, ATP and
Cellular
Respiration
What is ATP?
Adenosine Triphosphate
 Energy used by all cells
 Organic molecules with high-energy
phosphate bonds

Chemical Structure of ATP
Adenine Base
3 Phosphates
Ribose Sugar
What Does ATP Do for
You?
It supplies YOU with ENERGY!
How Do We Get Energy From
ATP?
By breaking
the highenergy bonds
between the
last two
phosphates
in ATP
What is the Process Called?
HYDROLYSIS (Adding H2O)
H 2O
How Does That Happen?
An Enzyme!
How is ATP Re-Made?
The reverse of the previous
process occurs
Another Enzyme is
used!
ATP Synthetase
The ADP-ATP Cycle
ATP-ase
ATP
Synthetase
When is ATP Made in the
Body?
During a
Process called
Cellular
Respiration
that takes
place in both
Plants &
Animals
Cellular Respiration


Includes pathways that require
oxygen
Breakdown of one glucose
results in 36 ATP molecules
Overall Equation for
Cellular Respiration
C6H12O6
+ 6O2
YIELDS
6CO2 + 6H20 + e- + 36 ATP’s
Other Cellular Respiration
Facts
Pathway that breaks down
carbohydrates
 High-energy Glucose broken into CO2
and H2O
 Larger Glucose breaks into smaller
molecules

What are the Stages of
Cellular Respiration?
1.
2.
3.
Glycolysis
The Krebs(Citric Acid) Cycle
The Electron Transport Chain
Where Does Cellular
Respiration Take Place?
 Takes
place in
two parts of
the cell:
Glycolysis in
the Cytoplasm
Krebs Cycle &
ETC in the
Mitochondria
Review of Mitochondria
Smooth outer
Membrane
 Folded inner
membrane
 Matrix- Space
inside cristae

More detailed process of Cell
Respiration
Electrons carried
via NADH and
FADH2
Electrons
carried
via NADH
Glycolysis
Glucose
Pyruvate
CYTOSOL
Pyruvate
oxidation
Acetyl CoA
Citric
acid
cycle
Oxidative
phosphorylation:
electron transport
and
chemiosmosis
MITOCHONDRION
ATP
ATP
ATP
Substrate-level
phosphorylation
Substrate-level
phosphorylation
Oxidative
phosphorylation
Overview of Glycolysis
Inputs
Outputs
Glycolysis
Glucose
2 Pyruvate  2
ATP
 2 NADH
Fermentation
 Occurs when O2 NOT present
(anaerobic)
Lactic Acid fermentation in muscle
cells (makes muscles tired)
Alcoholic fermentation in yeast
(produces ethanol)
Figure 9.12-8
Acetyl CoA
CoA-SH
NADH
+ H
H2O
1
NAD
8
Oxaloacetate
2
Malate
Citrate
Isocitrate
NAD
Krebs
cycle
7
H2O
NADH
3
+ H
CO2
Fumarate
CoA-SH
-Ketoglutarate
4
6
CoA-SH
5
FADH2
NAD
FAD
Succinate
GTP GDP
ADP
ATP
Pi
Succinyl
CoA
NADH
+ H
CO2
Figure 9.15
H
H

H
Protein
complex
of electron
carriers
Cyt c
Q
I
IV
III
II
FADH2 FAD
NADH
H
2 H + 1/2O2
ATP
synthase
H2O
NAD
ADP  P i
(carrying electrons
from food)
ATP
H
1 Electron transport chain
Oxidative phosphorylation
2 Chemiosmosis