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Archaeology Bachelor of Arts Bij ons leer Discover thejeworld de wereld at Leiden kennen University Prof. dr. Jan Kolen Vice-Dean Education Why Archaeology? ‘As the holder of the Education portfolio, I would like to say a bit about this fantastic programme. Archaeology is an exciting discipline, in which you combine very different skills and fields of knowledge. You venture out into the world to discover, study and interpret traces of past societies in the landscape, but you also work with both head and hands in the classroom, in the lab and at your desk, applying academic theories and analysing archaeological materials. You often have interpret with scanty information, and fill in the gaps by thinking like an anthropologist, even if you are Why study Archaeology in Leiden? 3 Is this the programme for you? 5 reconstructing life in societies that we can no longer “see”. Where possible, you use historical sources, like a historian, but you also explore whether you can use hightech methods from the natural sciences. Archaeology can therefore always be found at the interfaces with history and the social and natural sciences. The field of Archaeology itself encompasses the deep and even the deepest history of humans, human societies and our intervention in nature. You study early examples of globalisation and mass migration, following them over the centuries. You study examples of growing social inequality and its effect on different groups in society. You deliberate over when humans first began significantly to affect nature and the long-term consequences of this – even for the population of today’s world. You study how different societies and cultures view their cultural and natural heritage, and how important this heritage can be to their identity. Shine new light on the big issues of today As an archaeologist you also collect a lot of valuable information that can shine new light on the big issues facing society today. This is what makes archaeology the programme for people of all ages who wish to combine a particular fascination with the past with a broad general interest.’ Read more about: The structure of the bachelor’s programme 6 Career perspectives What else does Archaeology have to offer? 9 10 Contact & Information Days 11 11 Photography: UFB Photo & Digital, Marc de Haan, Archaeology Leiden, S. Schatz, Jason Bye (page 7). This brochure has been compiled with the utmost care; nevertheless it is possible that information may have changed and the information in this brochure is therefore not binding. The most up-to-date information can be found at www.bachelors.leiden.edu/archaeology. August 2016 Why study Archaeology in Leiden? Archaeology in Leiden encompasses the study of societies and cultures from the past, aiming to reconstruct and revive them, and to make a meaningful contribution to resolving present-day societal issues, such as migration, globalisation and climate change. Archaeological research applies methods and techniques from the social, historical and natural sciences. The future of the past starts in Leiden The Archaeology programme in Leiden gives you a solid basis for a national or international career in archaeology, heritage management, heritage policy or within the museum world. The Faculty of Archaeology has quite rightly earned a place in the top ten archaeology research and teaching institutes in the world. Our enthusiastic students and staff form a dynamic international research community, which is active all around the world. Our teaching is strongly linked to our research, and you not only hear about our research in the classroom but also participate in it. We consider it important that during your studies you are exposed to other cultures, not just from the past but also from the present. This prepares you for an increasingly globalised job market, both in the Netherlands and abroad. Discover the world As a student you are part of a special international community right from the start. A third of our undergraduates come from abroad, as do more than half of our staff members. In your first year, you can therefore choose whether to follow the programme in English or in Dutch. From the second year, the classes are in English, but you can always take your exams and complete the programme in Dutch. We are active in various fields of research all around the world, from excavations to heritage management to museums, and from Europe to the Caribbean. From Leiden you can take off in all directions and to various continents to follow your archaeological interests and further your expertise. In Archaeology you literally discover the world. More information bachelors.leiden.edu/archaeology 3 From the diary of Astrid van Dort, first-year student Discover your talent! Leiden has the widest choice of research fields. Nowhere else in the Netherlands can you choose from so many different specialisations in archaeology. You can study humans in the past by researching material culture in the broadest sense of the word – from shards to Maya temples, from flint tools to plant remains – to reconstruct the environment of the period. We use the most up-to-date research techniques, including DNA analysis and 3D modelling of landscapes and settlements from the past, and we even use drones to discover new archaeological sites. Archaeology can also be applied to contemporary society. The past is an infinite source of inspiration for individuals and social groups throughout the world in forming their identity. You learn about the role played by heritage and knowledge of the past in societal developments, such as migration, globalisation and climate change, as well as in conflict situations.In Leiden you can discover your strong points and develop them further! Discover Leiden research The teaching at the Faculty is closely linked to the research of our staff members. As a student you are involved in this right from the first year, doing fieldwork with our lecturers at the end of the first year, for instance. This could involve working on an excavation, organising a public event about it 4 or working with anthropologists to discover how communities deal with their heritage. During the programme, you study material from our excavations; you learn how to design archaeological and heritage research and how to perform excavations and fieldwork. You may even choose to write your thesis about this. Discover the strength of Leiden Alongside lectures, you attend practicals in our well-equipped labs. This could involve learning how to research how prehistorical objects were used in the lab for use-wear analysis. You may decide to specialise in ecology or the study of human or animal skeletal material, or even in high-tech computer applications in archaeology. It is worth noting that three leading Dutch museums are located in Leiden: the National Museum of Antiquities, the National Museum of Ethnology and Naturalis Biodiversity Center. We work closely with all three. The museum staff teach on the programme, and you can do an internship at one of the museums. We also work with the Centre for Global Heritage and Development. Through this organisation you can choose to follow part of your programme at Delft University of Technology or Erasmus University Rotterdam, or to do an internship at an international archaeology or heritage organisation such as UNESCO or ICOMOS. 08:00I get up and go to class by bike. I live in Leiden, just outside the city centre. 09:15 We follow the course World Archaeology, which is about the history of communities throughout the world. Especially the oriental cultures I find interesting. 11:15Second course of today: Ecology. This is about the influence of ecology; do things like the presence of poles and oceans or climate change affect archaeology? 13:00 I have a quick lunch with friends. 13:15In the afternoon I have a very technical course: Archaeological Methods and Techniques. It is a very practical course on how to proceed in the field. 15:00I go home and then directly to the University Library. I live nearby and exams are coming. Together with fellow students I study for my courses of tomorrow, then I have dinner at home with roommates. 20:00I skype a few times a week with my parents in Malaysia, I am the first child studying abroad. I tell them about the lectures I had this morning. 21:00 With roommates I watch a movie. 23:00Time to go to bed. Is this the programme for you? Do you want to discover archaeology in Leiden? Are you a creative thinker? Can you use the little information that is available to tell the full story? Can you link theory and practice? Do you consider it a challenge to dig deeper together with researchers and students? And do you consider it a challenge to spend part of your degree programme in the field and in research labs in order to help unravel the history of humans anywhere in the world? If you do, the Archaeology programme at Leiden University is the logical choice! Do you match the following profile? wwyou are practical by nature, but understand that archaeological research is not possible without a solid theoretical basis wwyou are a creative thinker and you are able to apply this skill to answer challenging archaeological questions wwyou are able to combine knowledge of various disciplines and to apply this in practice wwyou are interested in the history of humans and their environment wwyou consider it important to be able to follow your own path in your studies wwyou are seeking the opportunity to gain international experience both in terms of your contacts with students and academic staff, by doing fieldwork or internships abroad. Admission You will be admitted directly if you are in the possession of: wwa Dutch Pre-university education (VWO) diploma with no further requirements of your subject cluster wwan official Bachelor or Master diploma from a Dutch university or university of applied sciences In all other cases, no matter whether you are a Dutch or an international student, you have to apply for admission first, before you can register for the programme. You will be admitted to the programme: wwIf your diploma is considered comparable to a Dutch VWO diploma, and your level of English proficiency is sufficient too (see below). wwIf you have an European Baccalaureate or an International Baccalaureate (IB) diploma, full programme wwIf your diploma is an official Bachelor Propedeuse diploma from a Dutch university of applied sciences (hogeschool) with an average level of 7 and a Dutch Senior/Higher General Secondary Education (HAVO) diploma with a 7 for English. wwIf your diploma is not comparable, you may nevertheless be admitted to the programme, provided that certain additional requirements are met, such as good grades and/or passing entrance exams at VWO level or equivalent. Your motivation may also be taken into account. You can check the online list of international diplomas of the Admissions Office to see whether your diploma is sufficient or not. Language requirements An English test must have been passed with the following outcomes: wwIELTS (academic module), minimum score of 6.5; wwTOEFL 570 (paper-based)/230 (computerbased)/ 90 (internet based); wwCambridge certificate of Proficiency in English/Cambridge certificate in Advanced English (grade A-C). You are exempted from the English test if your previous education: wwwas completed in Canada (exception: Quebec), the United States, the United Kingdom, Ireland, New Zealand or Australia; wwwas an International Baccalaureate (full programme), assessed in English; wwis a Dutch VWO diploma; wwis an official Bachelor Propedeuse diploma from a Dutch university of applied sciences, with an average level of 7 and a Dutch Senior/Higher General Secondary Education diploma with a 7 for English. For more information, see bachelors.leiden.edu/archaeology Preparing your stay in Leiden Once you have submitted your application and have paid the application fee, you will be assigned to an International Programmes Officer (IPO) at the Admissions Office, who will guide you through the admission process. If needed, your visa and residence permit will be arranged for you and you can also apply for housing through the University. Each year the faculty reserves a limited amount of rooms in the same building for our first year BA Archaeology students, so you can choose to live with your fellow students. Throughout the whole process, you can contact the faculty’s international student officer, who is there to assist you with any kind of issues. We care for your wellbeing! 5 The structure of the bachelor’s programme Discover where we come from and the effect of the past on developments today! Understand the society of today As an archaeologist you learn about the history of humans. You also learn how societies arise and develop and you bring these societies to life once again. To be able to do this you need to have knowledge of cultural traditions, forms of society, landscapes and climate change. In Leiden you acquire the skills that you need to find, analyse and interpret this information. You learn how to view societies from the past from various theoretical perspectives. This knowledge helps you understand society today. Our bachelor’s programme leads you through different and changing societies through the millennia. It provides you with crucial insights into present discussions 6 on such matters as mass migration and sustainable societies, thus enabling you to place cultural changes in a broader, historical perspective. The first year In your first year you will have a lot of introductory subjects and lectures on the basic knowledge and general skills that every archaeologist needs. You will learn about the development of archaeology as a science and you will discover precisely what the most important archaeological concepts and theories mean. You will get to know the research areas offered in Leiden. In the mornings you will study theory and in the afternoon there will be tutorials or practical sessions. In all, your studies will take up 40 hours a week. In the first year you will also do fieldwork. This is when you will learn what an excavation really involves and you will put what you learn into practice. You will also learn more about heritage and archaeological policies and how to translate the data and finds from excavations to appeal to a wider audience. Second and third years In the second year you will have lectures on such themes as burial rituals, landscape, settlements, material culture or bioarchaeology. You could decide to focus more of your time on World Archaeology, in which case you will be studying the early hominids, prehistory, medieval societies or the archaeology of the different research regions in Leiden. Alternatively, you might prefer to concentrate more on such themes as heritage management in an international context, globalisation, migration and identity or landscape and society. In the second half of the year you will choose your tutorials; these are where you will look at the themes in greater depth. At the end of this year you will conduct fieldwork in one of the faculty’s research projects. In the third year, depending on your personal preference, you might want to do an internship at a government agency, a city council or a museum, or you can further develop your archaeological field knowledge in the field or in a laboratory environment. No classes are scheduled for the first half of the third year, giving you time to follow a minor at the Faculty or elsewhere, or to study abroad. In the second half of the year you follow a few remaining general courses, you write your thesis and you do a final internship. You can thus choose the direction that you want to take and compile your own programme of study according to your own interests. More information If you would like to find out more about the courses, see the prospectus at https://studiegids.leidenuniv.nl/en/ Structure of year 2 and 3 Year 2 Thematic lectures (30 ec) Dr. Sada Mire Assistant Professor ‘In my research I focus on cultural heritage in areas in conflict. I am particularly looking to the shared history of warring peoples. This shared origin can act as a sizing agent in order to reduce or avoid conflicts.Ideological groups and nationalists have used the past for their interests in the present throughout history. This is not just an issue now and it is definitely not unique for the Middle East. It is commonplace to destroy cultural heritage in a process of ‘othering’ and from a superior ideological standpoint. It’s the job of us scientists to share our knowledge with them and to train local archaeologists. My students, I encourage to make a contribution here in their study. That’s the only way future generations can continue to learn about their common history and archaeology can contribute to resolving conflicts.’ Project groups (15 ec) Year 3 Geographical Information Systems (5 ec) Field work (10 ec) Minor/electives/ study abroad (30 ec) Theory (5 ec) Predictive Modelling (5 ec) Internship (5 ec) Professional Skills (5 ec) Thesis (10 ec) 7 Modes of instruction Leiden Study System Instruction consists of lectures, seminars and tutorials. In the lecture the lecturer talks about his or her field. You prepare by studying articles and books at home. In the seminars and in particular in the tutorials, you examine the material in more depth and discuss it with your fellow students and the lecturer. You also carry out assignments, give presentations and write papers. You must make an active contribution to tutorials and attendance is compulsory. You receive intensive personal supervision on the Archaeology programme: wwIn the first year you study in a mentor group and your mentor from the first year continues to support you right up to your Bachelor’s degree. In addition, you can always contact the study adviser with any problems or questions arising from your studies. wwYour progress is recorded after the first year too. You draw up a study plan for the second year, stating which study components you want to complete within a certain time. You receive feedback on your progress, according to objectives that act as a good indication for whether you will complete your studies within the statutory period. Complete your training with a Master’s or Research Master’s! This Bachelor’s programme is excellent preparation for a variety of Master’s specialisations in archaeology, cultural anthropology, archaeological heritage or museum studies. 8 Rory Granleese First-year student “I grew up in Ireland, which is a very interesting place in terms of archaeology. Leiden was the only university to offer an international bachelor for the subject. I think it’s an incredibly interesting course. What’s really nice is that when you read the books for the courses, you frequently come across the names of your professors. My favourite subject is Earth Sciences. It gives you the bigger picture. Archaeology, everything we’ve left behind, is directly related to geology. Many people think that archaeology is an exact science, but it’s actually a bit like journalism: you have to gain support and convince people that an artefact in fact is what you think it is, with well-conducted research.” Career perspectives And then you graduate. You can conduct archaeological research, in the field or in the lab, or you are specialised in heritage management and policy. The versatility of the skills that you have acquired make you attractive to a wide range of employers. You can do various jobs in the Netherlands or abroad in government or business, NGO’s, at research institutes and museums. Moreover, you are an independent, critical and above all articulate and creative thinker. As a creative thinker you have developed the ability to create a logical, accurate story from incomplete information and to come up with practical and original solutions. This makes you suited to many different jobs. Archaeology graduates find work as a field archaeologist or an independent consultant, or they work in policy, at museums, in heritage management or in public relations. Alternatively, you could continue in academia and become a university researcher after your Master’s degree. More information about your career perspectives? bachelors.leiden.edu/archaeology Where do our students find work? 37% Consultancy Archaeology / Public space-Environment-Soil 29% Government / Heritage-Land Management-Environment 22% Research 4% Public interest group 2% Education 2% Art and culture 2% NGO (Non-governmental organisation) 2% Several sectors like Industry / Communications Cornelie Moolhuizen archaeobotanist ‘Right after my graduation, I started working at the company where I am now: they were looking for someone who was good with food residues and my professor said: just talk with Cornelie. So I rolled it. I work for a large excavation company as an archaeobotanist. My department makes reconstructions of the landscape, and I specialise in the food economy. In soil samples from an excavation you find remains of plants and seeds and from that I can deduce what people used to eat. The best part of this work is that it is so concrete and tangible. It has been very valuable to me that I was not isolated in the lab during my studies, but spent a lot of time working with others. I work with my colleagues who see the big picture, and want to contribute my part.’ Source: WO Monitor. 9 What else does Archaeology have to offer? Honours College If you are motivated go the extra mile and have good grades, the Honours College gives you the opportunity to follow an extra track alongside your bachelor’s programme. You can choose from different tracks, which are often multi- or interdisciplinary and thus allow you to opt for breadth or depth. Study Association and debating societies Joining a study association is both fun and worthwhile. L.A.S. Terra, the active Archaeology Association, offers a wealth of opportunities to get to know your fellow students outside classes. It organises a firstyear weekend, excursions, lectures and of course monthly drinks and amazing parties. Each specialisation has its own debating society. Through L.A.S. Terra you also get discounts on textbooks. Find the latest news, activities, photos and downloads on the website lasterra.nl. Study abroad Considering studying abroad? Go for it! After the first year the compulsory fieldwork makes it very likely that you will end up abroad anyway, but the department also has good links with various leading universities abroad. Obviously, any credits that you earn there will count towards your studies in Leiden. If you want to study abroad, you can apply for various grants. Prof. dr. Corinne Hofman Dean ‘What fascinates me so much about archaeology is discovering an unknown past that has been lying beneath our very feet, and contributing to the historic awareness of the often forgotten and unexplored events from world history. I carry out research on Caribbean islands where I study the colonisation of the Caribbean region as it was experienced by the local Caribbean-Indian population. Caribbean history as we know it was largely written from a European perspective. Our research group rewrites this history from a new viewpoint, offering an alternative perspective on an important chapter in world history. Together with my team, I construct a precise and scientifically founded image of settlements, excavations, mobility, trade, material culture and lifestyle. The research that I lead is known for its multidisciplinary approach that combines archaeology with other disciplines such as isotope research, archaeometry, bio-archaeology, molecular biology, network analysis, ethnohistory and ethnography. Our particular approach means that we are always seeking innovation in archaeological research. The results of this approach testify to its validity and productivity; the approach itself innovates archaeological research.’ 10 Come and meet us Want to know more about Archaeology and what it is like to study in Leiden? Come to our introduction events or experience it all online! Open Day At the Open Day you can explore all the courses taught at the university. Get your bearings at the information fair, go to the course presentations and experience the city where you will be studying. Check for dates and more information on: bachelors.leiden.edu/contact Experience Day You attend lectures in the department with other prospective students. Together with an instructor, you will review and discuss tasks that you have worked on beforehand. You will find out more about the content of the course in an active way. Student for a day Shadow a student and decide if the course is right for you. You get to sit in on real lectures and workgroups/tutorial sessions and get a feel for the atmosphere at the university. Online Experience You can participate in our online trial study module. Over a period of four weeks you will read articles, complete online assignments and receive feedback from us. This way you can get a good idea of what is expected from future students. Any questions about the course or the introduction events? We’re happy to help! bachelors.leiden.edu/archaeoloy [email protected] +31 (0)71 527 1111 11 Broaden your horizons through one of our 46 bachelor’s programmes or 78 master’s programmes in the beautiful historic cities of Leiden and The Hague. Leiden University will contribute to your academic and your personal development. Besides attending lectures, you will be doing your own research into topics that are relevant to society today, supported by lecturers and professors of international standing. In its nearly 450 years of existence, our university has built a solid reputation. Leiden University’s good name will help you find a job after you graduate. Our international university is also the ideal place for networking with people from all over the world. Your opinion matters. Whatever your views, whatever your faith, for us freedom of opinion is key. Discover yourself. We would love to welcome you at Leiden University! Discover the world at Leiden University