Download The Ankle - Northern Highlands

The Ankle
Ouch!!!
 http://www.youtube  http://www.youtube
.com/watch?v=FFy
xSaYqwtY
.com/watch?v=UIu
6v4c5Wpw&NR=1
Ankle Range of Motion
1. Dorsiflexion
2. Plantar Flexion
3. Inversion
4. Eversion
Degrees of Motion
 Dorsiflexion =
 Plantar Flexion =
 Inversion =
 Eversion =
 The purpose of
an ankle taping
is to reduce
ROM at the
ankle. While
taping, the
athlete should
maintain the
ankle in a
dorsiflexed
position.
Components of a Basic Ankle
Taping
1. Anchors around base of calf and
midfoot
2. Stirrups with horseshoes
3. Figure 8’s
4. Heel Locks
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7v4PoBEIQ88
Skeletal Anatomy
 26 bones
Phalanges – 14
Metatarsals – 5
Tarsals – 7
 Tibia
Distal portion is
called the medial
malleolus
Fibula
Distal portion is
called the lateral
malleolus
Why is it easier to invert ankle
than evert the ankle?
Joints of the Foot and Ankle
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Talocrural (crural = leg)
- formed between talus, fibula, and tibia
- sight of plantar flexion and dorsiflexion
Subtalar (below the talus)
- sight of inversion and eversion
Tarsometatarsal
Metatarsalphalangeal (MP)
Interphalangeal (IP)
Ankle Ligaments
 Lateral Ligaments
1. Anterior Talofibular Lig
(ATF)
Connects fibula to
talus
2. Calcaneofibular Lig
(CF)
Connects fibula to
calcaneus
3. Posterior Talofibular
Lig (PTF)
Connects fibula to
talus
 Medial Ankle
1. Deltoid Ligament
composed of 4
parts
Muscles of the Lower Leg
4 compartments
•Anterior
•Dorsiflex foot
•Extend toes up
•Lateral
•Evert Foot
•Plantar Flexion
•Posterior
•Plantar Flexion
•Deep Posterior
•Invert Foot
•Flex toes (curl)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4lKKBWWErHM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yhIEXC3JrYs
Muscles of the Leg and Ankle
Anterior Compartment
 Contains the muscles that
1) dorsiflex the ankle
2) extend the toes
 Tibialis Anterior – ankle dorsiflexion and inversion
 Extensor Hallucis Longus – extends big toe and
dorsiflexes ankle
 Extensor Digitorum Longus – extends toes 2 – 5 and
dorsiflexes ankle
 Hallucis – refers to big toe
Extensor Longus Muscles
Lateral Compartment
 Contains muscles that
perform eversion of foot
 Peroneus Longus –
 ankle eversion and plantar flexion
 aka Fibularis Longus
 Peroneus Brevis –
 ankle eversion and plantar flexion
 aka Fibularis Brevis
These muscles are on
the lateral side of the
leg & are posterior to
the lateral malleolus.
This causes
PLANTAR FLEXION.
Peroneus Longus
Peroneus Brevis
Superficial Posterior Compartment
 Contains muscles that plantar flex ankle
 Gastrocnemius – powerful plantar flexor (Calf Muscle)
 Soleus – powerful plantar flexor
 Lower and underneath the Gastrocnemius
 Both muscles share the Achilles Tendon
and insert into the Calcaneus
- Achilles is the largest tendon in the body and can withstand
1000 pounds of force
Deep Posterior Compartment
 muscles that perform inversion of the
foot and flex the toes
 Flexor Hallucis Longus – flexes big toe, weak plantar
flexor
 Flexor Digitorum Longus – flexes toes 2 – 5, and
weak plantar flexor
 Tibialis Posterior – main inverter of foot, ankle
plantar flexion
Lateral
Deep
Posterior
Superficial
Posterior
No Anterior Muscles
from this view