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Warm ups 2.06.2017 *What is happening regarding possession of land in Israel today? Lesson Objective: *list the three monotheistic religions that come from Southwest Asia *discuss similarities and differences among those religions Disclaimer: *I am not, by any means, a religious scholar *We will simply look into common backgrounds of these religions in order to compare similarities and differences Monotheism * “theist” means belief in god, and it comes from the Greek word “theos” which means “god” *so, what do you think monotheism and polytheism mean? Oldest Major Monotheistic Religion *What is the oldest major monotheistic religion widely practiced today? Judaism, whose followers are called Jews, began around 3,800 years ago when God and Abraham made an agreement (covenant) Judaism *Jewish people refer to themselves as “the chosen”, because they believe God made the first covenant with them *in a very basic sense, God told Abraham to follow certain rules and he would take care of them Judaism *in Genesis 12:1-2, God said, “Leave your country, your people and your father's household and go to the land I will show you. I will make you into a great nation and I will bless you; I will make your name great, and you will be a blessing.” *Any guesses what area this “great nation” promised to the Jews from God is in? Judaism *in oversimplified terms, the holy book of the Jewish people would be what Christians call the Old Testament” *Jews do not believe in any prophets after the Jewish prophets, including Jesus and Muhammad Judaism *an afterlife is not discussed much in Judaism *the focus is more about what you do during your life on Earth, not with punishments or rewards depending on your behavior on Earth Christianity *Christianity developed from the monotheistic traditions of Judaism *its followers believed that Jesus (who was a Jew) was the son of god, and they followed his teachings Christianity *Holy books of Christianity include the Old Testament, and the New Testament (which are books of the bible written by the followers of Jesus and tell about his life and teachings, along with other early Christian writings) Christianity *Christians believe in an afterlife, and where you go in the afterlife depends on your behavior during your current life Islam *Islam developed in present-day Saudi Arabia in the 600s *its followers are called Muslims Islam *Islam also developed from Judeo-Christian ideals *it is their belief that the archangel Gabriel spoke to their most important prophet Muhammad and gave him “revisions” in where Christianity and Judaism were going wrong Islam *their holy book is the Quran, which is said to be what Gabriel said to Muhammad over time about their religious practices Islam *Muslims believe in Jewish and Christian prophets, including Jesus *However, they do not believe Jesus was the son of God, just a messenger of God, similar to Muhammad and Abraham Islam *they refer to Christians and Jews as “People of the Book”, and they are held in higher esteem than pagans and “non-believers”, even though they believe they have strayed from the teachings God Islam *Muslims also believe in a Day of Judgement, where it is decided if you will go to the good place or the bad for your afterlife Similarities / Differences? Similarities Judaism Christianity Islam Differences