Download HINI group work Powerpoint presentation

Student group work on Swine Flu
Pandemic
26/03/2012
Dr. Mary Rose Sweeney
What are the six stages of
pandemic alert?
• What is an Influenza Pandemic?
• What are the six stages of pandemic alert?
• What strategies should any public health service
employ when a pandemic is announced?
• Critically discuss the roll-out of the vaccination
strategy for HINI in Ireland considering any risks
and/or benefits?
• Did any of you hear the recent coverage of
narcolepsy increased risk among those who
received the swine flu vaccination
What is an Influenza Pandemic?
• An influenza pandemic is a worldwide flu epidemic. It
can start when three conditions have been met:
• 1. A new influenza virus subtype appears
• 2. It infects humans, causing serious illness
• 3. It spreads easily between humans.
• A new virus may be a re-emerging human virus subtype
which has not been in circulation for some time,
• or a virus originating in birds which has changed into a
form that is highly infectious for humans.
• A pandemic can cause serious illness and death and can
give rise to enormous social and economic disruption
worldwide.
What are the six stages of
pandemic alert?
• The World Health Organization (WHO)
uses six phases of pandemic alert as a
system for informing the world of the
seriousness of the threat. These phases
reflect the progression of an influenza
pandemic from the first appearance of a
new flu virus to wide international spread.
• Phase 1 No new influenza virus subtypes have been
detected in humans. An influenza virus subtype that has
caused human infection may be present in animals. If
present in animals, the risk of human infection or disease
is considered to be low.
• Least threatening, nothing new, no infections in animals
or humans
• Phase 2 No new influenza virus subtypes have been
detected in humans. However, a circulating animal
influenza subtype poses a substantial risk of human
disease.
• Basically the same except infection has been found in
animals but none in humans
• Phase 3 Human infection(s) with a new subtype, but no
human to human spread (or, at most, rare instances of
spread to a close contact).
• Found in humans who have been in close contact with
infected animals only
• Phase 4 Small cluster(s) with limited human to human
transmission, suggesting that the virus is not well
adapted to humans.
• Miminal human to human transmission, not a certainty
that it will spread between humans
• Phase 5 Large cluster(s) but human to human
spread still localised, suggesting that the virusis
becoming better adapted to humans, but may
not yet be fully transmissible. At this stage, there
is a substantial risk of a pandemic.
• Large spread between humans, but localized
• Phase 6 Pandemic phase: increased and
sustained transmission in human population.
• New cases being reported daily and the spread
is world wide human to human.
What strategies should any public health service
employ when a pandemic is announced?
• Communication strategy – leaflets, website, press
briefings, advertising, telephone hotlines, TV, radio
updates
• Hotline – medical support, advise
• Personal responsibilities – through the communication
channels
• Survellance – WHO, ECDC, DoHC
• Anti-viral medicines –
• Vaccinations –
• Re-deploying of health care staff,
• Essential supplies needed by Gov – masks, gloves,
medicines
Critically discuss the roll-out of the vaccination
strategy for HINI in Ireland considering any risks
and/or benefits?
• Group 1. At risk individuals between 6 months and
65years of age – chronic health issues, CHD, renal
disease, RTI – asthma, COPD, Liver disease,
neurological, morbid obese,
• Pregnant women in 2nd and 3rd trimesters, and up to six
weeks post pregnancy
• Women in 1st trimester with a health risk such as RTI.
• Immunocompromised – and their household contacts
• Residents of ID services
• Physical disabilities and general ID living in their own
home
•
• Group 2
• All Health care staff
• Group 3
• Children under 6months (+ contacts in
home) to
• 6 months to 18 years
Group 4
• Adults aged 65 and over
• Gen pop
Benefits?
• Reduce spread
• Reduce costs both economic and social
• Such as hospital, medicines, losses to
employment, production down
Risks ?
• Unknown risks – pregnant women and
their unborn children , children
• Financial burden – wastage
Inform the group about the recent coverage of
narcolepsy increased risk among those who
received the swine flu vaccination
• Sleeping disorder – teens,
• 47 countries had vaccination programme
and 12 have reported increased risk of his
in children between 4 and 19 years old.
• Genetic/drug interaction ?
• 1 case per 12,000 post vaccination
• This is 9 times greater than pre
vaccination