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ZEUS Roman name Jupiter • Zeus was the supreme god of the Olympians. • Parents are Cronus and Rhea • Sacred objects are the eagle, thunderbolt, shield, oak tree Hera Roman name Juno • Hera was the goddess of marriage. She was the wife of Zeus and Queen of the Olympians. • She is mean-spirited. • The daughter of Cronus and Rhea • Sacred objects— peacock and cow APHRODITE Roman name Venus • Aphrodite was the goddess of love, beauty and fertility. She was also a protectress of sailors. • Daughter of Zeus and Dionne • Sacred objects are a dove, goose, ARES Roman name Mars • Ares was the god of war. • Represented the brutal side of war • Parents are Zeus and Hera • Sacred objects : vulture, dog HEPHAESTUS Roman name Vulcan • Hephaestus was the lame god of fire and crafts or the two together, hence of blacksmiths. • Only ugly god. He was lame (crippled). • Married to Aphrodite • Parents: Zeus and Hera. ARTEMIS Roman name Diana • Artemis was the goddess of the hunt. She helped women in childbirth, but also brought sudden death with her arrows. • Daughter of Zeus and Leto. • Sacred objects: stag, cresent moon, deer HERMES Roman name Mercury • Hermes was the messenger of the gods and guide of dead souls to the Underworld. • Parents Zeus and Maia • Sacred objects: wand, winged sandals and helmet POSEIDON Roman name Neptune • Poseidon was the god of the sea, earthquakes and horses. Although he was officially one of the supreme gods of Mount Olympus, he spent most of his time in his watery domain. • Parents are Cronus and Rhea APOLLO Roman name Apollo • Apollo was the god of prophesy, music and healing. • Parents are Zeus and Leto • Sacred objects: crow, dolphin, laurel, lyre ATHENA Roman name Minerva • Athena was the goddess of crafts and the domestic arts and also those of war and wisdom. She was the patron goddess of Athens. Her symbol was the owl. • Parents are Zeus and Metis DEMETER Roman name Cerus • Demeter was the goddess of agriculture. She was the sister of Zeus and the mother of Persephone. • Parents are Chronus and Rhea • Sacred object: wheat HADES Roman name Pluto • Hades was the God of the dead and ruler of the Underworld, which was called Hades after the god. Hades abducted Persephone, who became his queen. • Parents Cronus and Rhea. • Sacred object metal, jewels. Vocabulary • Centaur- a creature with the torso of a man and the body and legs of a horse. • Aegis- a shield with scales and snake head tassels • Lyre- a musical instrument with 7 strings made of wood. Vocabulary cont. • Nymphs- young, female divinities, sometimes considered the daughters of Zeus, who lived in and were identified with trees, mountains, caves, or bodies of water. • Oracle- a sacred site from where a god responded to the questions of a human. Vocabulary cont. • Olympians- residents of Mount Olympus i.e. the gods. • Satyr– a half-man, half-goat (sometimes horse) • Seer– a prophet or fortune-teller. Interpreting dreams, sacrificing animals, and observing birds and omens were all ways of telling the future.