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医学略語 AA aplastic anemia AAA abdominal aortic aneurysm, aromatic amino acid a-A DO2 arterio-alveolar oxygen tension difference AAE annuloaortic ectasia ABCD airway, breathing, circulation, defibrillation ABD abdomen ABE acute bacterial endocarditis ABG arterial blood gas ABI ankle/brachial index ABPA allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis ABPC ampicillin ABR auditory brainstem response abx antibiotics ACCR amylase creatinine clearance rate ACE angiotensin-converting enzyme ACEI angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor ACG angle closure glaucoma, apexcardiogram AChE acetylcholinesterase AChR acetylcholine receptor ACLS advanced cardiac life support ACom anterior communicating artery ACS acute coronary syndrome Act-C actinomycin C Act-D actinomycin D ACV acyclovir ADA adenosine deaminase ADCC antibody dependent cellular(or cell-mediated) cytotoxicity ADEM acute disseminated encephalomyelitis ADH alcohol dehydrogenase, antidiuretic hormone ADHD attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder ADL activities of daily living ADPKD autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease AED automated extracorporeal defibrillator AF atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter AFib atrial fibrillation AFO ankle/foot orthotic AFP alpha-fetoprotein AHA American Heart Association AID artificial insemination by donor AIDS acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIH artificial insemination by husband AIHA autoimmune hemolytic anemia ALDH aldehyde dehydrogenase ALL acute lymphoblastic leukemia ALP alkaline phosphatase ALS amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ALT Alanine aminotransferase AMA against medical advice, anti-mitochondrial antibody AMI acute myocardial infarction AML acute myelogenous leukemia AMMoL acute myelomonoblastic leukemia AMPC amoxicillin AMPLE allergies, medications, past medical history, last meal, events preceding present condition AMY amylase ANA antinuclear antibody ANCA antineutrophil cytoplasm antibody ANP atrial natriuretic peptide A&O alert and oriented Ao aorta AOSC acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis AP anteroposterior APCKD adult-type polycystic kidney disease APL acute promyelocytic leukemia, animal placenta lactogen aPL antiphospholipid APLA antiphospholipid antibody APO apolipoprotein APTT activated partial thromboplastin time AR aortic regurgitation ARA American Rheumatism Association ara-C cytosine arabinoside ARB angiotensin receptor blocker ARF acute renal failure ART assisted reproductive technique AS aortic stenosis ASD atrial septal defect ASIA American Spinal Injury Association ASK antistreptokinase ASO antistreptolysin O, arteriosclerosis obliterans AST aspartate aminotransferase AT III antithrombin III ATL adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia ATP adenosine triphosphate ATRA All trans retinoic acid AUC area under the curve AUS abdominal ultrasonography AV arteriovenous AVR aortic valve replacement AZT zidovudine (azidothymidine) , aztreonam @ at BaE barium enema BAL bronchoalveolar lavage BALF broncho-alveolar lavage fluid BALT bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue BAS balloon atrial septostomy BBB blood-brain barrier BBT basal body temperature BCAA branched chain amino acid BCC basal-cell carcinoma BCG bacille Calmette-Guerin BCYE buffered charcoal-yeast extract BHL bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy bid twice a day BJP Bence Jones protein BLS Basic life support BMI body mass index BNP brain natriuretic peptide BOOP bronchiolitis obliterans-organizing pneumonia BPH benigh prostatic hyperplasia BPS beats per second , biophysical profile score BRM biological response modifier BRTO balloon-oculuded retrograde transvenous obliteration BRVO branch retinal vein occlusion BS Bachelor of Science, buffered saline BSA body surface area, bovine serum albumin, bowel sounds active BTB bromthymol blue BTLS basic trauma life support BUN blood urea nitrogen bx biopsy CABG coronary artery bypass grafting CAD coronary artery disease CAG cholangiography, coronary angiography CAGE cut down, annoyed by criticism, guilty about drinking, eye-opener drinks CAH chronic active hepatitis CAL cafe au lait CAM clarithromycin cAMP cyclic adenosine monophosphate C-ANCA cytoplasmic anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody CAP cyclosphosphamide, Adriamycin, Platino (cisplatin) CAPD continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis CAZ ceftazidime CBC complete blood count CBSCT cord blood stem cell transplantation CBZ carbamazepine CC chief complaint, choriocarcinoma, Cronkhite-Canada CCC cholangiocellular carcinoma CCK cholecystokinin CCK-PZ cholecystokinin-pancreozymin CCL cefaclor Ccr creatinine clearance CCU cardiac care unit, critical care unit CD cluster of differentiation, Crohn disease CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDDP cis-diaminedichloroplatinum CDH congenital dislocation of hip CEA carcinoembryonic antigen, carotid endarterectomy CET cephalothin CEX cephalexin CEZ cefazolin CF Collon fiber, Cystic fibrosis CFDN cefdinir CFPM cefepime CFU colony forming unit CFX cefoxitin CH50 50% hemolyzing dose of complement CHD Chediak-Higashi disease, congestive heart disease, congenital hip dislocation, coronary heart disease, congenital heart disease ChE cholinesterase CHOL cholesterol CHOP cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunomycin, Oncovin, and prednisone CI cardiac index , cerebral infarction CIDP chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy CJD Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease CK-PZ cholecystokinin-pancreozymin CLDM clindamycin CLL chronic lymphocytic leukemia cm centimeter cm2 square centimeter cm3 cubic centimeter CMD cefamandole cmH2O centimeters of water CMI Cornell Medical Index CML chronic myelogenous leukemia CMMoL chronic myelomonocytic leukemia CMTD Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease CMV cytomegalovirus CMZ cefmetazole CN cranial nerve CNS central nervous system CNSDC chronic non-supprative destructive cholangitis C/O complaint of CO carbon monoxide, cardiac output CO2 carbon dioxide CoA coenzyme A, coarctation of aorta COLD chronic obstructive lung disease COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CP cardiopulmonary , cerebral palsy CPA cardiopulmonary arrest CPAP continuous positive airway pressure CPD cephalopelvic disproportion CPFX ciprofloxacin CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation CPZ cefoperazone CR complete remission CRAO central retinal artery occlusion CREST calcinosis, Raynaud phenomenon, esophageal involvement, sclerodactyly, and telangiectasia CRF chronic renal failure CRP C-reactive protein CRVO central retinal vein occlusion C/S cesarean section CSF cerebrospinal fluid CSS Churg-Strauss syndrome CST contraction stress test CT cardiac tamponade, computed tomography CTA clear to auscultation CTAP computed tomography in arterial portography, clear to auscultation and percussion CTL cytotoxic T-lymphocyte CTM cefotiam CTR cardiothoracic ratio CTRX ceftriaxone CTS carpal tunnel syndrome CTT cefotetan CTZ chemoreceptor trigger zone CTX cefotaxime CVA cardiovascular accident, cerebrovascular accident CVID common variable immunodeficiency CVP central venous pressure Cx cervix, circumflex , cultures CXM cefuroxime CXR chest x-ray DAD diffuse alveolar damage DAF decay-accelerating factor DAI diffuse axonal injury DC direct current DD differential diagnosis DDAVP 1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin, 1-deamino-8-N-arginine vasopressin DDx differential diagnosis DHEA dehydroepiandrosterone DI diabetes insipidus DIC disseminated intravascular coagulation DIP distal interphalangeal, drip infusion pyelogram DKA diabetic ketoacidosis DLCO carbon monoxide diffusion in the lung DM Diabetis mellitus DMARD disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs DNR do not resuscitate = do not do CPR DOA dopamine, dead on arrival =CPA DOB dobutamine DOC deoxycorticosterone DOE dyspnea on exertion DORV double outlet right ventricle DPT diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus immunizaiton DRPLA dentato-rubro-pallido-luisyan atrophy DSA digital subtraction angiography DSM-IV Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fourth edition DTR deep tendon reflex DVT deep venous thrombosis D/W dextrose in water Dx diagnosis ↓'ed decreased E1 estrone E2 17b-estradiol E3 estriol EBV Epstein-Barr virus ECD endocardial cushion defect ECF effective capillary flow, extracellular fluid ECG electrocardiogram ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ECT electroconvulsive therapy ED Erectile disfunction ED50 median effective dose EDRF endothelium-derived relaxation factor EDTA ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid EEG electroencephalogram EEM erythema exsudativum multiforme EF ejection fraction EGD esophagogastroduodenoscopy EGF epidermal growth factor EGJ esophagogastric junction EHEC enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli EIEC enteroinvasive Escherichia coli EIS Endoscopic injection therapy EKC epidemic keratoconjunctivitis ELISA enzime-linked immunosorbent assay EM erythromycine EMD electromechanical dissociation EMG electromyograph EMR endoscopic mucosal resection EOMI extraocular muscles intact ER emergency room ERCP endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate ESRD end-stage renal disease EST electroshock therapy, expressed sequence tags , endoscopic sphincterotomy ESWL extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy ETEC enterotoxin of Escherichia coli ETOH alcohol EUS endoscopic ultrasound EVL endoscopic varix ligation ext extremities FAB French-American-British FBS fasting blood sugar FD50 median fatal dose FDA Food and Drug Administration FDP fibrin degradation product FENa fractional excretion of sodium FEV1, forced expiratory volume in one second FH family history FHx family history FIO2 fractional concentration of oxygen in inspired gas FISH fluorescence in situ hybridization FIV1 forced inspiratory volume in one second FL femur length FRV functional residual volume FT3 free triiodothyronine FT4 free thyroxine f/u follow up 5-FU 5-fluorouracil FUO fever of unknown/undetermined origin Fx fracture GABA gamma-aminobutyric acid GAD gultamic acid decarboxylase GALT gut-associated lymphoid tissue GAS Group A streptococcus GB gallbladder GBD gallbladder disease GBS group B Streptococcus, Guillain-Barre syndrome GCA giant cell arteritis GCS Glasgow coma scale G-CSF granulocyte colony-stimulating factor GDA gastroduodenal artery GERD gastroesophageal reflux disease GFR glomerular filtration ratio GI gastrointestinal GIFT gamete intrafallopian transfer GIST gastrointestinal storomal tumor GM gentamycin GM-CSF granulocyte-macrophage colony stimurating factor GNB gram-negative bacillus GNC gram-negative cocci GNR gram-negative rods GnRH gonadotropin-releasing hormone GPB gram-positive bacilli GPC Gram positive cocci GPR gram-positive rods G6PD, G-6-PD glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase GU genitourinary GUI graphic user interface GVHD graft-versus-host disease HAART highly active antiretroviral therapy HACEK Haemophilus, Actinobacillus, Cardiobacterium, Eikinella, Kingella HAE hepatic artery embolism HAI hemagglutination inhibition, hepatic arterial infusion HAM HTLV-I associated myelopathy HANA hemagglutinin neuraminidase h-ANP human atrial natriuretic polypeptide HAT heparin-associated thrombocytopenia HAV hepatitis A virus HBV hepatitis B virus HCC hepatocellular carcinoma HCG human chorionic gonadotropin HD hemodialysis HDL high-density lipoprotein HEENT head, ears, eyes, nose, and throat HELLP hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count HHV human herpes virus 5-HIAA 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid HIT heparin-induced thrombosis HIV human immunodeficiency virus HLA histocompatibility leukocyte antigen HNPCC hereditary non-polyposis colon(or colorectal) carcinoma h/o history of HOCM hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy HOT hyperbaric oxygen therapy H&P history and physical examination HPI history of present illness hPL human placental lactogen HPLC high-performance liquid chromatography HPV human papilloma virus, hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction HR heart rate HRCT high-resolution computed tomography HRT hormone replacement therapy HS Heart sound HSG hysterosalpingogram, hysterosalpingography HSP heat shock protein, Henoch-Schonlein purpura HSPN Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis HSV herpes simplex virus HT Hashimoto thyroiditis, hypertension HTN hypertension 5-HT 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) HTLV human T lymphocytic leukemia virus HTTP hypertext transfer protocol HUS hemolytic uremic syndrome HZV herpes zoster virus IABP intra-aortic balloon pump IBD inflamatory bowel disease IBM inclusion body myositis IBS irritable bowel syndrome IBW ideal body weight IC immune complex ICG indocyanine-green ICD International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Health-related Problems, implantable cardiac defibrillator ICS intercostal space ICU intensive care unit ID identification, infectious disease IDA iron deficiency anemia IDDM insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus IDL intermediate-density lipoprotein IE infectious endocarditis Ig immunoglobulin IHD ischemic heart disease IHSS idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis IL interleukin ILBBB incomplete left bundle branch block IM infectious mononucleosis IPM/CS imipenem/cilastatin IPMT intraductal papillary mucinous tumor IPPV intermittent postive pressure ventilation IPSS international prostatic symptom score IRBBB incomplete right bundle branch block ISIS International Study of Infarct Survival ITA internal thoracic artery ITP idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura IUGR intrauterine growth retardation IV intravenous IVC inferior vena cava IVDU intravenous drug use IVF in vitro fertiliztion IVF-ET in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer IVH intravenous hyperalimentation IVIG intravenous immunoglobulin IVP intravenous pyelogram IVR Interventional radiology ↑'ed increased JAMA Journal of the American Medical Association JCS Japan coma scale JGA juxtaglomerular apparatus JRA Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis JVD jugular venous distention JVP jugular venous pressure KFAO knee-foot-ankle orthosis KM kanamycin KSS Kearns-Sayre syndrome KUB kidneys, ureter, and bladder LAD left anterior descending, left axis deviation LAP leucine aminopeptidase LADH lactic acid dehydrogenase LAEDV left atrial volume in end diastole LAESV left atrial volume in end systole LBBB left bundle branch block LC liver cirrhosis LC50 median lethal concentration LCA left circumflex artery LD50 median lethal dose LDH lactate dehydrogenase LDL low density lipoprotein LDLC low-density lipoprotein cholesterol LEOPARD lentigines, EKG abnormalities, ocular hypertelorism, pulmonary stenosis, abnormalities of genitalia, retardation of growth, and deafness LES Lambert-Eaton syndrome, lower esophageal sphincter LH luteinizing hormone LH-RH luteinizing hormone releasing hormone LITA left internal thoracic artery LK lung klebs LLL left lower lobe LLQ left lower quadrant LMP last menstrual period LP lumbar puncture LUE left upper extremity LUL left upper lobe LUQ left upper quadrant LV left ventricular LVAD left ventricular assist device LVD left ventricular dysfunction LVDd left ventricular dimension in end-diastole LVEDC left ventricular end-diastolic circumference LVEDD left ventricular end-diastolic diameter LVEDP left ventricular end-diastolic pressure LVEDV left ventricular end-diastolic volume LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction LVESD left ventricular end-systolic dimension LVF left ventricular failure LVFX levofloxacin LVH left ventricular hypertrophy MAA macroaggregated albumin MAC minimum alveolar concentration MALT mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue MAO monoamine oxidase MAS meconium aspiration syndrome MAT multifocal atrial tachycardia MCA middle cerebral artery MCAT medical college admission test MCH mean corpuscular hemoglobin MCHC mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration MCL mid clavicular line MCLS mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome MCP metacarpophalangeal MCQ multiple-choice question MCTD mixed connective tissue disease MCV mean cell volume MD Doctor of Medicine MDS myelodysplastic syndrome MED minimum erythema dose MEDS medications MELAS mitochondrial encephalomyopathy-lactic acidosis- and stroke-like symptoms MEN multiple endocrine neoplasia MEPM meropenem mEq/l milliequivalents per liter MERRF myoclonus epilepsy with ragged red fibers MeSH Medical Subject Headings MET metabolic equivalent of the task MG myasthenia gravis MGH Massachusetts General Hospital MGUS monoclonal gammopathies of undetermined significance MH malignant hyperthermia MHC major histocompatibility complex MI myocardial infarction MIBG metaiodobenzylguanidine MIBI 2-methoxy-2-methylpropyl isonitrile MIC minimal inhibitory concentration MINO minocycline ML malignant lymphoma MM multiple myeloma mm methylmalonyl; millimeter; mucous membrane; muscles mm2 square millimeter mm3 cubic millimeter mmHg millimeters of mercury MMoL myelomonoblastic leukemia MMT manual muscle testing MMTV murine mammary tumor virus MOD maturity onset diabetes MODY maturity onset diabetes of the young MOF multiple organ failure MOPP mechlorethamine, Oncovin, procarbazine, prednisone mOsm milliosmol MP metacarpophalangeal, melphalan and prednisone MPGN membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis MPO myeloperoxidase MR mitral regurgitation MRA magnetic resonance angiography, malignant rheumatoid arthritis MRC magnetic resonance cholangiography MRCP magnetic resonance cholangiopanreatography MRI magnetic resonance imaging MRSA methicillin-resisitant Staphyrococcus aureus MRSE methicillin-resisitant Staphyrococcus epidermidis MS mitral stenosis, multiple sclerosis MSA multiple system atrophy MSSA methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus MSW medical social worker MTP metatarsophalangeal MV mitral valve MVP mitral valve prolapse NADH reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NADPH reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate NAG N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase NALT nasopharyngeal-associated lymphoid tissue NAP neutrophil alkaline phosphatase N:C nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio NC/AT nomocephalic/atraumatic NCBI National Center for Biotechnology Information NCI National Cancer Institute NEJM New England Journal of Medicine NF neurofibromatosis NFLX norfloxacin NGT nasogastric tube NHL Non-Hodgkin lymphoma NICU neonatal intensive care unit NIDDM non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus NIH National Institutes of Health NIPPV noninvasive positive pressure ventilation NK natural killer NKC nonketotic coma NKDA No known drug allergy NKFA No known food allergy NKH nonketogenic hyperglycemia nl normal NLA neuroleptoanalgesia NMJ nuero-muscular junction NMR nuclear magnetic resonance NOMI nonocclusive mesenteric infarction NPH normal pressure hydrocephalus NSAID non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug NSCLC non small cell lung cancer NSR normal sinus rhythm NST nonstress test NUD nonucler dyspepsia NYHA New York Heart Association OA osteoarthritis OB-GYN obstetrics and gynecology OC Oral contraceptive OCD obsessive compulsive disorder OCT optical coherence tomograpy OFLX ofloxacin OGTT oral glucose tolerance test OHSS ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome OM otitis media OMI old myocardial infarction OMIM Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man OP operation OSA obstructive sleep apnea OSCE objective structured clinical examination Osm/kg osmoles per kilogram OT occupational therapy OTC over-the-counter PA pulmonary artery, pulmonary atresia PABA para-aminobenzoic acid PACO2 partial pressure of carbon dioxide in alveolar gas PaCO2 partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood PAF paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, platelet-activating factor PAGE polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis PAI-1 plasminogen-activator inhibitor-1 PAN periarteritis nodosa P-ANCA perinuclear anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody PAO2 alveolar oxygen partial pressure PaO2 partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood PAP Papanicolaou PAS periodic acid-Schiff PAT paroxysmal atrial tachycardia PBC primary biliary cirrhosis PBSCT peripheral blood stem cell transplantation PCA patient-controlled analgesia PCB polychlorinated biphenyl PCKD polycystic kidney disease PCG penicillin G pCO2 partial pressure of carbon dioxide PCOM posterior communicating PCPS percutaneous cardiopulmonary support PCR polymerase chain reaction PCU primary care unit PCWP pulmonary capillary wedge pressure PDA patent ductus arteriosus, personal digital assistant PDGF platelet-derived growth factor PE pulmonary embolism, physical examination PEEP positive end-expiratory pressure PEG percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy PEIT percutaneous ethanol injection therapy PEPC phenethicillin PERRLA pupils equally round reactive to light and accomodation PET positron emission tomography PFT pulmonary function test PG prostaglandin PH pulmonary hypertension PhD Doctor of Philosophy PHx past history PICA posterior inferior cerebellar artery PID pelvic inflammatory disease PIE pulmonary infiltration with eosinophilia PIF prolactin-inhibiting factor PIH pregnancy-induced hypertension PIP proximal interphalangeal PIVKA protein induced in vitamin K absence PKD polycystic kidney disease PLAP placental alkaline phosphatase Plat platelet PM polymyositis PM/DM polymyositis/dermatomyositis PMH past medical history PMN polymorphonuclear, polymorphonuclear neutrophil PMR polymyalgia rheumatica PN periarteritis nodosa PND paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea PNH paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria PO, p.o. by mouth PO2, partial pressure of oxygen POAG primary open-angle glaucoma POEMS polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M protein, skin changes POMR problem-oriented medical record POS problem-oriented system PPD purified protein derivative PPI proton pump inhibitor PPP palmoplantar pustulosis PQRST provocative and palliative factors, quality of pain, radiation of pain, severity of pain, timing of pain PRC packed red cells PRCA pure red cell aplasia prn as required PROM premature rupture of fetal membranes PRSP penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae PS pulmonary stenosis PSA prostate specific antigen PSAGN poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis PSC primary sclerosing cholangitis PSCT peripheral stem cell transplantation PSD periodic synchronous discharge PSH past surgical history PSL prednisolone PSP progressive supranuclear palsy PSS progressive systemic scleroderma, progressive systemic sclerosis PSTI pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor PSVT paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia PTBD percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage PTCA percutaneous transarterial coronary angioplasty PTCD percutaneous transhepatic cholangio-drainage PTHrP parathyroid-hormone-related peptide PTMC Percutaneous Transluminal Mitral Commissurotomy PTP Press Through Package PTR patellar tendon reflex PTSD post-traumatic stress disease PTT partial thromboplastin time PTU propylthiouracil PUVA psoralen ultraviolet A-range PV pulmonary valve PVC premature ventricular contraction q every qid four times per day qod every other day QOL quality of life QOML quality of my life QTc Q-T interval corrected for heart rate RA rheumatoid arthritis, right atrium RAIU radioactive iodine uptake RALS remort after loading system RBBB right bundle branch block RBC red blood cell RCC renal cell carcinoma RCCT randomized controlled clinical trial RCM restrictive cardiomyopathy RCT randomized controlled trial RDS respiratory distress syndrome RDW red blood cell distribution width index REAB refractory anemia with excess of blasts REAL revised European-American lymphoma REM rapid eye movement RF rheumatic fever, rheumatoid factor RFA radiofrequency ablation therapy RFLP restriction fragment length polymorphism Rh rhesus RI radioactive isotope RIA radioimmunoassay RIND reversible ischemic neurologic deficit RLL right lower lobe RLQ right lower quadrant R/O rule out ROM range of motion ROS review of systems RP retrograde pyelogram RPR rapid plasmin reagin RRR regular rate and rythmn RS3PE remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema rt-PA recombinant tissue plasminogen activator RT-PCR reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction RUL right upper lobe RUQ right upper quadrant RV right ventricular RVH right ventricular hypertrophy Rx prescription, treatment, or therapy SAH subarachnoid hemorrhage SALT skin-associated lymphoid tissue SAM systolic antrior motion SaO2 oxygen saturation in arterial blood SAS sleep apnea syndrome SBE subacute bacterial endocarditis SBP spontaneous bacterial peritonitis SBS shaken baby syndrome SBT/ABPC sulbactam/ampicillin SBT/CPZ sulbactam/cafoperazone SCC squamous cell carcinoma SCD sickle-cell disease, spinocerebellar degeneration SCID severe combined immunodeficiency SCLC small cell lung cancer SCT stem cell transplantation SGTT standard glucose tolerance test SH social history SHx social history SIADH syndrome of inappropriate scretion of antidiuretic hormone SIDS sudden infant death syndrome SIMV synchronized intermittent mechanical ventilation SIRS systemic inflammatory response syndrome SISI short increment sensitivity index SjS Sjogren syndrome SLE SLE SM smooth muscle SMA superior mesenteric artery SMON subacute myeloopticoneuropathy SMR standardized mortality ratio SOAP subjective, objective, assessment, and plan SOB shortness of breath SOD superoxide dismutase SPF skin protection factor SSc systemic sclerosis SSCP single-stranded conformational polymorphism SSPE subacute sclerosing panencephalitis SSRI selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor SSSS staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome STA-MCA superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery STSS staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome SVC superior vena cava TA tricuspid atresia TAE transcatheter arterial embolism TAO thromboangiitis obliterans TAPVR, TAPVD total anomalous pulmonary venous return/drainage TAT thrombin-antithrombin complex TB tuberculosis TBG thyroid-binding globulin TBLB transbronchial lung biopsy TCC transitional-cell carcinoma TCP/IP transmission control protocol/Internet protocol TdP Torsades de Point TdT terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase TEE transesophageal echocardiography TEN toxic epidermal necrosis TG triglyceride TGA transient global amnesia, transposition of great arteries TgAb thyroglobulin antibody TGF transforming growth factor TIA transient ischemic attack TIBC total iron-binding capacity tid three times a day TIPS transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt TIS tumor in situ TNF tumor necrosis factor TNT total nutrition therapy TnT troponin T TOF tetralogy of Fallot TORCH toxoplasmosis, other (congenital syphilis and viruses), rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex virus torr mmHg pressure t-PA tissue plasminogen activator TPN total parenteral nutrition TR tricuspid regurgitation TRAb thyrotoxin receptor antibody TRH thyrotropin-releasing hormone TS tricuspid stenosis TSS toxic shock syndrome TSSE toxic shock syndrome exotoxin TSST toxic shock syndrome toxin TTP thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura TTS temporary threshold shift TTT thymol turbidity test TTX tetrodotoxin TUR transurethral resection TURB, TURBT transurethral resection of bladder TURP transurethral resection of the prostate Tx treatment TXA thromboxane A UA uric acid, urinalysis UC ulcerative colitis UDCA ursodeoxycholic acid UTI urinary tract infection VAHS virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome VAS Visual Analogue Scale VATER vertebral defects, imperforate anus, tracheoesophageal fistula, and radial and renal dysplasia VATS video assisted thracic surgery VC vital capacity VDRL Venereal Disease Research Laboratory VDT vibration disappearance threshold VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor VF ventricular fibrillation VIP vasoactive intestinal peptide VIPoma vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-secreting tumor VLDL very low density lipoprotein Vmax maximum velocity VRE vancomycin resisitant Enterococcus VS vital sign VSD ventricular septal defect VT ventricular tachycardia VUR vesicoureteral reflex vWF von Willebrand factor VZV varicella-zoster virus WAB Western Aphasia Battery WAIS Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale WAIS-R revised Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale WDHA watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, and achlorhydria WHO World Health Organization WISC Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children WISC-R Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised WM Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia WPW Wolff-Parkinson-White YAG yttrium aluminum garnet y.o. year old ZDV zidovudine ZES Zollinger-Ellison syndrome ZTT zinc sulfate turbidity test