Download APES Syllabus Kimball 2012

AP Environmental Science (APES) Syllabus
Wendy Kimball
[email protected]
Bit.ly/wkimball
2012-2013
EXAM DATE MAY 6, 2012
Text: Environment, 4th Edition, by Raven and Berg, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Course Goals:
The goal of AP Environmental Science is to provide students with the scientific principles, concepts, and methodologies to
understand the interrelationships of the natural world, to identify and analyze environmental problems both natural and
human-made, and to evaluate the risks associated with these problems and examine alternative solutions for resolving and/or
preventing them.
The College Board Course Description
This course was designed to be the equivalent of a one-semester, introductory college course in Environmental Science.
Unlike most other college introductory level science courses, environmental science is offered from a wide variety of
departments, including geology, biology, environmental studies, environmental science, chemistry and geography.
The following themes provide a foundation for the structure of the AP Environmental Science course:
1. Science is a process.
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Science is a method of learning more about the world.
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Science constantly changes the way we understand the world.
2. Energy conversions underlie all ecological processes
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Energy cannot be created; it must come from somewhere
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As energy flows through systems, at each step more of it becomes unusable.
3. The Earth itself is one interconnected system.
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Natural systems change over time and space
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Biogeochemical systems vary in ability to recover from disturbances.
4. Humans alter natural systems.
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Humans have had an impact on the environment for millions of years.
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Technology and population growth have enabled humans to increase both the rate and scale of their impact on the
environment.
5. Environmental problems have a cultural and social context.
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Understanding the role of cultural, social, and economic factors is vital to the development of solutions.
6. Human survival depends on developing practices that will achieve sustainable systems.
 A suitable combination of conservation and development is required.
 Management of common resources is essential.
Exam
 Section I – 100 Multiple Choice Questions with a time limit of 90 minutes
 Section II – 4 Free Response Questions with a time limit of 90 minutes
I. Earth Systems and Resources (10-15%)
a. Earth Science Concepts
-geologic time scale, plate tectonics, earthquakes & volcanism, seasons, solar intensity & latitudes
b. Atmosphere
-composition & structure, weather & climate, atmospheric circulation, atmosphere-ocean
interactions
c. Global Water Resources & Use
-freshwater/saltwater, ocean circulation, agricultural/industrial/domestic use, surface &
groundwater issues, global problems, conservation
d. Soil & Soil Dynamics
-rock cycle, formation & composition, physical & chemical properties, soil types, erosion and soil
problems, soil conservation measures
II. The Living World (10-15%)
a. Ecosystem Structure
-pop. & communities, niches; species interactions; keystone & indicator species, species diversity
factors; major biomes
b. Energy Flow
-photosynthesis & cellular respiration; food webs & trophic levels, ecological pyramids
c. Ecosystem Diversity
-biodiversity, natural selection, evolution ecosystem services
d. Natural Ecosystem Change
-climate shifts, species movement, ecological succession
e. Natural Biogeochemical Cycles
-carbon, nitrogen sulfur, phosphorus, water, conservation of matter
III. Population (10-15%)
a. Population Biology
-population ecology, carrying capacity, reproductive strategies, survivorship
b. Human Population Dynamics
-historical population size, distribution, fertility rates, growth rates &
doubling times, demographic transition, age-structure diagrams
c. Population Size
-strategies for sustainability, case studies, national policies
d. Impact of Population Growth
-hunger, disease, economic effects, resource use, habitat
modifications
IV. Land and Water Use (10-15%)
a. Agriculture-Feeding a Growing Population
-human nutritional requirement, types of agriculture, Green Revolution, genetic engineering &
crop production, deforestation, irrigation, sustainable agriculture
b. Controlling Pests
-types of pesticides, costs & benefits of pesticide use, IPM, laws
c. Forestry
-tree plantations, old growth forests, forest fires, forest management, national forests
d. Mining
-mineral formation, extraction; global reserves; relevant laws and treaties
e. Fishing
-fishing techniques; overfishing; aquaculture; relevant laws and treaties
f. Global Economics
-globalization, World Bank; Tragedy of the Commons; relevant laws and treaties
V. Energy Resources and Consumption (10-15%)
a. Energy Concepts
-energy forms, power, units, conversion, Laws of Thermodynamics
b. Energy Consumption-History
c. Present Global Energy Use
d. Future Energy Needs
e. Fossil Fuel Resources and Use
-formation of coal, oil, natural gas; extraction purification methods; world reserves and global
demand; synfuels; environmental advantages/disadvantages of sources
f. Nuclear Energy
-nuclear fission process; nuclear fuel; electricity production; nuclear reactor types;
environmental advantages/disadvantages; safety issues; radiation & human health; radioactive
wastes; nuclear fusion
g. Hydroelectric Power
-dams; flood control; silting; salmon; other impacts
h. Energy Conservation
-energy efficiency, CAFÉ standards; hybrid vehicles; mass transit
i. Renewable Energy
-solar energy; solar electricity; hydrogen fuel cells; biomass; wind
energy; small-scale hydroelectric; ocean waves & tidal energy;
geothermal; environmental advantages/disadvantages
VI. Pollution (25-30%)
a. Air Pollution
-sources – primary & secondary; major air pollutants; measurement units; acid deposition
– causes & effects; heat islands & temp. inversions; indoor air pollution; remediation &
reduction strategies; Clear Air Act & other relevant laws
b. Noise Pollution
c. Water Pollution
d. Solid Waste
-sources; effects; control measures
-types; sources; causes; effects; cultural eutrophication; ground
water pollution; maintaining water quality; water purification;
sewage treatment; Clean Water Act & other relevant laws
-types; disposal; reduction
e. Impacts on the Environment and Health Hazards to Human Health
-environmental risk analysis; acute & chronic effects; dos-response relationships; air
pollutants; smoking & other risks
f. Hazardous Chemicals in the Environment
-types of hazardous waste; treatment/disposal of hazardous waste; cleanup of
contaminated sites; biomagnification; relevant laws
g. Economic Impact
-cost-benefit analysis; externalities; sustainability
VII. Global Change (10 – 15%)
a. Stratospheric Ozone
-formation of stratoshperic ozone; ultraviolet radiation; causes of ozone depletion; effects
of ozone depletion; strategies for reducing ozone depletion;
relevant laws and treaties)
b. Global Warming
-greenhouse gases and the greenhouse effect; impacts and consequences of global
warming; reducing climate change; relevant laws and treaties
c. Loss of Biodiversity- Habitat Loss
-overuse; pollution; introduced species; endangered & extinct species)
d. Maintenance through Conservation
-strategies for conserving habitat
e. Relevant Laws & Treaties
-Endangered Species Act
Class Size and Scheduling
Classes average about 20 students in size with a 90-minute class block. Class meets every other day on an A/B schedule for
two semesters.
Methods
Instruction consists of a combination of lectures, discussions, activities/demonstrations, and written assignments. Course
work will be comprised of homework, classwork, and research projects. Laboratory work is essential to AP Environmental
Science. Approximately one block per week is devoted to hands-on laboratory experiences or fieldwork. All lab work and
fieldwork requires a written report.
Class requirements and Grading
 You will be graded on a total points system.
 Each assignment will be worth a certain number of points and your grade/percentage will be calculated by dividing
points Earned/ Total Points.
 Tests, Labs, and Projects will be worth the most points are, on average 100-150, quizzes, class work, and other
assessments are, on average 70-50, and homework varies from 30-down.
 You can easily keep a list of your grades and calculate your average. Divide your total points earned by the total points
possible. Earned/Total Points = %
It is incredibly important to keep up with your reading and homework in APES. You will need to manage your time well! We
will have regular homework and projects that you will need to work on at home. NOTEBOOKS are important-stay on top of
them! Experiments and demonstrations are very important in science and class lab activities will be an important part of your
grade. Prior notice is given for all assessments and there will be ample time given for projects. CMS policy will be followed for
students that do not complete their own work.
Test Corrections and Make-up Work
 Your homework will be posted on the class website bit.ly/wkimball. If you are absent, please check the class website
and get your assignment.
 Please turn late work in as soon as possible if you have missed a class.
 Full credit will not be given for late work.
o Late projects and labs will have 10% of the grade deducted each class day, i.e. a letter grade each day late.
o Late homework will receive half credit.
 Remember, you are responsible for showing me late work. I will not ask you to show me.
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You will be allowed to re-take a test and an average of the two tests will become your new grade.
o You must have all homework completed in order to correct a test!
o You must schedule a time with me to re-take a test. I am at school by 8:00 most mornings.
Class Expectations
The expectations in class are to promote a safe, fun, and informative learning environment. I will not tolerate disruptions from
students while I am teaching and others are learning.
1. Follow CMS student handbook rules and lab safety rules.
2. Classroom etiquette-proper classroom behavior is required. RESPECT is paramount-respect for one’s self, other
students, staff, and the school itself.
3. Responsibility-Be responsible for your actions. Make good choices because ACTIONS have CONSEQUENCES.
4. Be prepared! Come to class with all materials and prepared to participate.
5. Give 100% in class and you will be successful!
Electronics must be off and out of sight! If this is not followed they will be taken away and given to an
administrator. Parents must then come and pick them up.
Class Materials
 Notebook-I suggest a 3 ring binder with dividers. If you like using a 5 subject notebook you may, but you need
something to put class handouts in.
 Composition Notebook. A pre-grid notebook works best.
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Graph Paper
Pen
Colored pencils, markers, highlighters, etc.
Positive attitude
Donations of tissues, hand sanitizer, paper towels, and colored paper would be greatly appreciated!
Lab Format-General
I.
II.
Title of Lab - The Effect Of IV on DV
Date:
Purpose
In complete sentences state the purpose of the lab.
III. Background Information
Include the information necessary to complete the lab activity.
IV. Hypothesis
If IV then DV because…
V. Variables & Controls
Identify, very clearly, your variables and controls.
- “The independent variable is ________ and the dependent variable is ______. The control in this experiment is
_______________________.
- The second sentence should mention the expected effect of the IV on the DV).”
ex. “The following variables (x, y, z) will be controlled by (this, that and the other)”
VI. Procedure
State your steps, include tools used, diagram if needed
VII. Data/Results
Label units!!!!
Levels of IV
DV (trials)
Mean/Average
VII. Analysis/Conclusion
a. Graphs
- label axis, include units, & title
b. Calculations
- indicate equations being used and show steps, circle
answers
c. Answer the Questions on the lab sheet here
d. Conclusions
- keep it short, it should answer your purpose and
declare whether your hypothesis is supported by data, or should be rejected.
Unit/Content
Activities & Assignments
Unit 1: Humans in the Environment
Unit Goal: To provide students with general overview of the environment and the
problems we face.
Chapter 1: Our Changing Environment
 What is Environmental Science
 Goals of Environmental Science
 Environmental Sustainability
 Human population growth
 Environmental Impact: P x A x T = I
 Endocrine disrupters
 Georges Bank Fishery
 Habitat fragmentation
 Endangered Species Act - 1973
 Invasive (non-native) species
 Climate Change
 Worldviews
Chapter 2: Using Science to Address Environmental Problems
 Scientific Method
 Inductive and Deductive Reasoning
 Independent and Dependent Variable and Experimental Controls
 Risk Assessment an how it helps determine adverse health effects
 Toxicology of environmental pollutants
 Dose-response curve
 Cost-Benefit Analysis
 Tragedy of the Commons
Chapter 3: Environmental History, Legislation and Economics
 Conservation and Preservation of Resources
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T. Roosevelt, J. Audubon, H. Thoreau, J. Muir, Franklin Roosevelt, Rachel
Carson, Paul Ehrlich, Aldo Leopold, Gilford Pinchot, John Muir, and Wallace
Stegner
Chapters 1, 2, & 3
Activities:
She turned me into a Newt (I got better…)-Scientific Process
The Lorax (video) and Truax
Name Droppers
Selected Readings from Conservationists
Tragedy of the Commons M and M’s
Vanishing Frog Project
Lab:
Environmental Lab Skills-Scientific Method
Calculation of Ecological Footprint
Toxic Tea-LD 50 on Brine Shrimp
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National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) - 1970
Environmental Impact Statements
Cost-Benefit of Pollution Control
Pollution Abatement
Economic Strategies for Pollution Control
Economics and the Environment
National Income Accounts
Natural Resource Depletion
Marginal Cost of Pollution; Marginal Cost of Pollution Abatement
Optimum amount of pollution
Unit 2: The World We Live In/Precious Resources
Unit Goal A: This portion of the unit examines the world we live in through studying
ecosystems and energy within living systems. Energy flow and symbiosis are explored.
Chapter 4: Ecosystems and Energy
 Reviews of Chemistry
 Forms of Energy
 Law of Thermodynamics
 Conservation of Matter and Energy
 Energy Flows and Food Webs
 Ecological Pyramids
 Productivity
Chapter 5: Ecosystems and Living Organisms
 Species
 Evolution-Population Change Over Time
 Ecological Succession-Primary and Secondary
 Keystone Species
 Symbiosis: Mutualism, Commensalism, Parasitism
 Predation and Predator Prey Relationship
 Competition-Intraspecific and Interspecific
 Ecological Niche- Fundamental and realized
 Limiting Factors
 Competitive Exclusion and Resource Partitioning
 Species Richness
Chapter 4
Activities:
Smoky Mountain Ecosystems Food Webs
Strange Days on Planet Earth (video)
Labs:
Energy Transfer: Counting Calories
Owl Pellets
Ecological succession using eco-columns
Chapter 5
Activities:
Predator Prey Simulation
Cane Toads: An Unnatural History (video clip)
Wanted Poster-Invasive species
Unit Goal B:Earth Science principles such as biogeochemical cycles, atmosphere, weather,
climate, oceans, and plate tectonics are included in this portion of Unit 2. Biomes, both
land and aquatic are explored.
Chapter 6: Ecosystems and the Physical Environment
 Gaia Hypothesis
 Carbon Cycle
 Nitrogen Cycle
 Phosphorus Cycle
 Sulfur Cycle
 Hydrologic Cycle
 Human influence on biogeochemical cycles
 Solar Radiation / Albedo
 Layers of Atmosphere
 Coriolis Effect
 Ocean Currents
 El Nino, La Nina
 Weather/Climate
 Rain Shadow Effect
 Tornados, Tropical cyclones
 Plate Tectonics / Faults
 Volcanoes, Earthquakes
Chapter 7: Major Ecosystems of the World
 Biomes and their relationship to climate
 Effect of altitude, latitude and precipitation on climate
 Tundra
 Taiga (Boreal Forests)
 Temperate Rain Forest
 Temperate Deciduous Forest
 Grasslands
 Chaparral
 Deserts
 Savanna
 Tropical Rain Forests
Chapter 6
Activities:
Earth’s History: A graphic Model
Cycles Flip Charts
Recent Volcano and Earthquake mapping
Tsunami, Hurricane Katrina, Volcano (selected video clips)
Climatograms
Micrometeorology Lab-Students study the effect of weathering in a
locality.
El Nino (video)
Labs:
Plate Tectonic Simulation
Teddy Graham Evolution
Chapter 7
Activities:
Biome Presentations
 Aquatic Ecosystems (Freshwater and Saltwater)
 Rivers and Streams
 Lakes and Ponds
 Marshes and Swamps
 Estuaries
 Marine Ecosystems
 Intertidal Zone
 Benthic Environment
 Neritic Province
 Oceanic Province
Unit 3: A Crowded World
Unit Goal: This unit investigates population change, demographic transitions, age
structure in countries, and overpopulation. Problems associated with population
increases/overpopulation such as hunger, resource availability, and our ecological
footprint are also examined.
Chapter 8: Understanding Population Change
 Population Ecology and Population Density
 Effect of Immigration/Emigration
 Population Growth Rate
 Environmental Resistance
 Carrying Capacity (K)
 Reproductive Strategies (K and r)
 K-Strategists, r-strategists
 Survivorship
 Density-dependent factors
 Density-independent factors
 Developed Countries
 Developing Countries
 Doubling Time
 Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
 Replacement-level fertility
 Demographic Stages
 Age Structure Diagrams (pop. pyramids)
Chapter 8
Activities:
Power of the Pyramid
The World in Balance (video)
Graveyard Smash-Looking at 200 death records in order to see the
difference in survivorship curves.
Labs:
Population Games
Population Growth of Lemna Minor
Power of Doubling
Chapter 9: Facing the Problems of Overpopulation
 World Hunger
 Economics Effects of Population Growth
 Population and Resources
 Consumption and Sustainability
 Urbanization
 The City as an Ecosystem
 Reducing the Total Fertility Rate
 Social and Economic Status of Women
 Family Planning
Unit 4: The Search For Energy
Unit Goal: This unit concentrates on our energy needs and resources including non
renewable fossil fuels, use of nuclear energy, and renewable energy
Chapter 10: Fossil Fuels
 Chemistry Review and Hydrocarbons
 Forms of Energy
 Coal
 Oil and Natural Gas
 Energy Strategies
Chapter 11: Nuclear Energy
 Fission/Fusion
 Radioisotopes
 Radiation
 Radioactive decay
 Enrichment
 Production of Energy from Nuclear Energy
 Spent Fuel
 Three Mile Island – 1979, Chernobyl – 1986, Fukushima-2011
 Radioactive Fallout
 Radioactive Waste (low-level, high-level)
 Yucca Mountain (Nuclear Waste Policy Act)
 Decommission
Chapter 9
Activities:
Calculate the amount of land that is required to feed you. Data from oneweek food intake.
Land Use: Design an environmentally friendly township
Labs:
Chapter 10
Activities:
Fracking in NC?
Examining the Coal Controversy in Appalachia
How to Market Energy in an Energy Challenged Age
Labs:
Measuring Exhaust and Vehicle particulate from their cars
Chapter 11
Activities:
Radiation Half Life
Minutes to Meltdown (Video)
Labs:
Effect of Radiation on Radish Seeds
Chapter 12: Renewable Energy and Conservation
 Renewable Energy Sources
 Solar Energy
 Wind Energy
 Hydropower
 Tidal Energy
 Geothermal Energy
 Bioenergy
 Energy Conservation
 Energy Efficiency
 NAECA
 Cogeneration
Chapter 12
Activities:
Renewable Energy Source Poster
Labs:
Renewable Energy Sources: Solar House and Energy Audit
Unit 5: Our Precious Resources
Unit Goal Part A: This unit deals with the world’s resources: the nature of water as a
resource, composition of soil, the world’s mineral supply and how they are used.
Chapter 13: Water: A Fragile Resource
 Chemical Properties of Water
 The Hydrologic Cycle
 Surface water
 Groundwater
 Aquifers
 Water Usage
 Irrigation
 Too much water – floods
 Too little water - droughts, aquifer depletion
 Water Problems in the U.S
 Global water problems
 Water management/conservation
 Reducing waste
Chapter 14: Soils and Their Preservation
 Formation of Soil
 Composition of Soil
 Soil horizons
Chapter 13
Activities:
Personal Water Use
Blue Planet (video clips)
Drought and Food Price analysis
Great Wall Across the Yangtze (video)
When the Salmon Run Dry (video)
Labs:
Salinization Lab
Chemical Testing of Water Quality
Revisit Eco-Column data
Chapter 14
Activities:
Soil Triangle
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Soil Texture
Soil Triangle
Major Soil Groups
Soil Erosion
Mineral depletion
Desertification
Soil Conservation and Regeneration
Soil Conservation Act of 1935
Food Security Act (Farm Bill) of 1985
Chapter 15: Minerals: A Nonrenewable Resource
 The General Mining Law of 1872
 Uses of minerals
 How minerals are found, extracted and processed – types of mining
 Environmental impact
 Cost benefit
 Land reclamation
 Reserves
 Increasing our supplies
 Substitution and Conservation
Dust Bowl (video)
Labs:
Soil Analysis and Quality Testing
Chapter 15
Activities:
Minerals of NC
Labs:
Cookie Mining
Unit Goal Part B: This portion of the unit is to increase understanding of the Earth’s need
for high biodiversity. We will also be examining the steps one can take to reduce the loss
of species.
Chapter 16: Preserving Earth’s Biological Diversity
 What is biodiversity and biodiversity’s importance
 Endangered and Extinct Species
 Habitat fragmentation, Alien species, Pollution, Exploitation
 Conservation policies and laws – Endangered Species Act (1973)
 Wildlife Management
 How to change Declining Biological Diversity
Chapter 16
Activities:
Biological Hot Spots
Endangered Species Presentation
Labs:
Biodiversity of Leaf Litter
Parking Lot Biodiversity
Brine Shrimp Abiotic Factors
Wild Populations: Using Field Data
Chapter 17: Land Resources and Conservation
 The Importance of Natural areas and Preservation of Ecosystems
 Wilderness- Wilderness Act of 1964
 National Parks
 Wildlife Refuges
 Forests/Deforestation
 Rangelands
 Wetlands
 Agricultural Lands
 Suburban Sprawl and Urbanization
 Land Use and Conservation of our Land Resources
Chapter 17
Activities:
National Park-research the ecology, biology, geology, botany, natural
history, and challenges faced by public land.
Unit Goal Part C-This portion of the unit is to increase understanding of agriculture
challenges and Earth’s food needs. We will also be examining the use of benefits and risks
of pesticide use.
Chapter 18: Food Resources: A Challenge for Agriculture
 Human Nutritional Requirements
 World Food Problems
 Nourishment/malnourishment/undernourishment
 Marasmus and Kwashiorkor
 Overnourishment
 Famine
 Economic and Cultural Effects on Nutrition
 Principal Types of Agriculture: industrialized, subsistence, slash and burn,
nomadic
 Genetic Diversity
 Green Revolution
 Increasing Livestock Yield
 Food Safety
 Environmental impact on agriculture
 Solutions to Agricultural Problems/ Sustainability
 Genetic Engineering
 Fisheries
Chapter 18
Activities:
Wealth Gap and Food
Food Inc. (video)
End of the Line (video)
Chapter 22: The Pesticide Dilemma
 What are Pesticides?
 Types of Pesticides: insecticides, herbicides, rodenticides, fungicides
 Broad and Narrow-spectrum pesticides
 Selective and Nonselective Herbicides
 Characteristics of Pesticides
 Benefits of Pesticides
 Problems with Pesticide Use
 Genetic Resistance
 Bioaccumulation/Bio magnification
 Risk to Human Health
 Alternatives to Pesticides – Reproductive and Genetic Controls
 Integrated Management (IPM)
 Laws governing Pesticide Use – FDCA, FIFRA, Food Quality Protection Act of
1996
Chapter 22
Activities:
Assault on the Male (video)
Bed Bugs
Vector Borne Disease
Integrated Pest Management Options
Labs:
Tracing the Toxins: You are what you eat
Revisit Toxic Tea
Unit 6: Environmental Concerns – Part 1
Unit Goal A: This portion of the unit concentrates on the environmental issues of air
pollution and global climate change. The problems each pose, how the environment has
been contaminated, and solutions are identified.
Chapter 19: Air Pollution
 Types and sources of Air Pollution
 Primary and Secondary air pollutants
 Particulate matter and gases
 NOX, SOX, CO hydrocarbons, ozone
 Air Pollution in the United States-Clean Air Act of 1970, and amendments
 Air Pollution in Developing Countries
 Global Distillation Effect
 Indoor Air Pollution – Radon, Asbestos, Carbon monoxide
 Noise Pollution
Chapter 20: Regional and Global Atmospheric Changes
 Global Climate Change
 Causes of Global Climate Change
 Greenhouse Effect
Chapter 19
Activities:
Suntan Now, Cancer Later (video)
Race to Save the Planet (video)
Mexico’s Smoggy Problem (video)
Labs:
Air Quality Monitoring
Airborne Particles
Measuring Ozone Levels
Chapter 20
Activities:
Inconvenient Truth (video)
Cool It (video)
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Aerosol Effect
Climate Models
Effects of Climate Change-Human Health, Agriculture, Weather, Specie’s
Diversity
Potential Solutions to Climate Change
Acid Deposition
Effects of Acid Deposition-Forest Decline and Ocean Acidification
Warnings from the Ice (video)
Labs:
Measuring Albedo
Greenhouse Effect
Calculation of Carbon Footprint
Calculate amount of Carbon Dioxide production from driving for a week
Unit Goal B: This portion of the unit concentrates on the environmental issues of water
and soil pollution. The problems each pose, how the environment has been contaminated,
and solutions are identified.
Chapter 21: Water and Soil Pollution
 Types of water pollution: Sewage, Sediment Pollution, Inorganic and Organic
Compounds, Radioactive Substances, and Thermal Pollution.
 Eutrophication
 Sources- Point and Non-point sources
 Improving water quality – purification of drinking water; use of chlorine
 Municipal Sewage Treatment: Ocean Dumping Ban Act – 1991
 Septic Systems
 Laws: Clean Water Act (1972), Safe Drinking Water Act (1974), Resource,
Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) – protect groundwater
 Water Pollution Around the World
 Soil Pollution
Chapter 21
Activities:
Analyze Household Pollution
Little Sugar Creek: A Success Story
Tapped (video)
Chapter 23: Soil and Hazardous Waste
 Types of Solid wastes – municipal and nonmunicipal
 Disposal of Solid Waste
 NIMBY
 Problems with plastics and tires
 Waste Prevention – Reduce – Reuse – Recycle
 Hazardous Waste and Management – Dioxins, PCBs, Nuclear waste, RCRA,
CERCLA.
 Integrated Waste Management
Chapter 23
Activities:
Waste Diary
Labs:
Salinization of Soil
Biological Material and Their Effect of DO Levels
Labs:
Lab or Rot-Decomposition of Banana peels and newspaper
Landfill-metal, plastic, clay
Package Design Lab
Unit 8: Tomorrow's World
Unit Goal: In this final unit just before the AP Exam, we examine the big picture:
biodiversity, sustainability, and general worldviews.
Chapter 24: Tomorrow's World
 Sustainable Living
 Building a sustainable society
 Respecting and caring for the community of life
 Improving the quality of human life
 Conserving Earth’s vitality and biological diversity
 Keeping within Earth’s carrying capacity
 Changing Personal Attitudes and Practices
 Enabling Communities to Care for their own environments
 Building a national framework for integrating development and conservation
 Creating a global alliance
Chapter 24
Activities:
You decide the Fate of a Country
Test Preparation