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Output
By: Vanessa Snyder
What is Output?
• Definition:
– Data that has been
processed in the form of
information
• Types:
– Text
• Characters that makeup
words and sentences
– Graphical Image
• Digital representation of
information that is not
text
– Audio
• Enhance understanding
through sound
– Video
• Full-motion images
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
Display Devices:
• Definition:
– Output device that
conveys graphics,
text and video
information
• Soft Copy is
information that is
displayed on a display
device
• Basic Parts:
– Screen
• Definition:
– Projection
surface
– Monitor
• Definition:
– Plastic or metal
case that houses
the screen
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
Display Devices Continued…
• Monochrome:
– Definition:
• Information is displayed on one color and on a different
colored background
• Gray Scaling:
– Definition:
• Information is displayed using many shades of gray from
white all the way to black.
– This provides better contrast
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
Types of Monitors:
• CRT Monitors
• LCD Monitors
• Gas Plasma Monitors
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
CRT Monitors:
• Definition:
– A monitor that contains a
cathode ray tube
• Cathode ray tube (thus,
CRT) is a large, sealed,
glass tube
– Every dot on the screen
consists of phosphor
material
• There is a red, a green
• Basic Terminology:
– Viewable Size:
• Diagonal measurement of
the actual viewing area
that is provided by the
monitor
– Pixel:
• Short for picture element
• Single point in an
electronic image
and a blue phosphor
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
LCD Monitors:
• Liquid Crystal
Display (thus LCD)
contains liquid
crystals instead of a
cathode ray tube.
• Flat-Panel Display
has a lightweight,
compact screen
– Consumes one-third
the power of a CRT
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
LCD Displays:
• Web-enabled device:
– Provides access to the web and/or e-mail
• Electronic book (e-book):
– Compact computer that allows you to “mark”
text
• ClearType
– Technology developed to make on-screen reading as
natural feeling as possible
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
LCD Displays Continued…
• Use:
– Active-matrix display, a.k.a. thin-film transistor
display (TFT), which can use a separate transistor
for each color pixel.
• Organic TFT, a.k.a. organic LED (OLED), uses organic
molecules to produce a brighter display
• This is the most powerful because many transistors are used
– Passive-matrix display, a.k.a. dual-scan display,
requires less power and uses fewer transistors
• High-performance addressing (HPA) provides a less
expensive alternative.
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
Gas Plasma Monitors:
• Definition:
– Flat-panel display that uses gas plasma technology
• Offers larger screen sizes and higher display quality
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
Quality of Display Devices:
• Quality of CRT depends
on:
– Resolution
– Dot pitch
• A.k.a. pixel pitch; the
distance between each
pixel on the display
– Refresh rate
• A.k.a. vertical
frequency/scan rate;
speed that the monitor
redraws the images on the
screen
• Quality of LCD depends
on:
– Resolution
• Sharpness and clearness
of an image
– Super Video Graphics
Array (SVGA) supports
resolutions and colors
– Measured in hertz
(number of times per
second that the screen is
redrawn)
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
Monitor Ergonomics:
• Goal:
– To incorporate comfort, efficiency and safety
• Electrostatic radiation (EMR)
– Magnetic field that travels at the speed of light
• Complies with MPR II standards
– LCD monitors do not emit any kind of electromagnetic
radiation—only CRT monitors do
• ENERGY STAR program:
– Program that encourages manufacturers to create
energy-efficient devices
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
Printers:
• Definition:
– Output device that produces text and other
graphics on a medium which is known as a
hard copy or a printout
• Orientations:
– Portrait
– Landscape
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
Printers Continued…
• Types:
–
–
–
–
Impact Printers
Nonimpact Printers
Photo Printers
Label and Postage
Printers
– Portable Printers
– Plotters and LargeFormat Printers
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
Printers Continued…
– Impact Printers:
• Strikes a mechanism against an ink ribbon
– Different qualities of print:
 Letter Quality
 Near Letter Quality
• Dot-Matrix Printers
– Tiny pins on a print head mechanism strike an inked ribbon
– Use continuous-form paper in which each sheet of paper is
connected
• Line Printers
– High-speed impact printer that prints an entire line at a
time
– Shuttle-matrix printer moves a series of print hammers back
and forth horizontally at high speeds
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
Printers Continued…
• Nonimpact Printers:
– Forms characters and graphics
without actually striking the paper
– Types:
• Ink-Jet Printers:
– Forms characters by spraying tiny
drops of ink
• Laser Printers:
– High-quality nonimpact printer
that uses individual sheets of
paper stored in a removable tray
that slides into the printer case
 Page Description
Language (PDL) tells the
printer how to lay out the
material
* PCL (Printer Control
Language) supports
standard
fonts and layouts
* PostScript is designed
for complex documents
• Thermal Printers:
– Generates images by pushing
electronically heated pins
against heat-sensitive paper
• Thermal wax-transfer
•
printer, a.k.a. thermal
transfer printer, uses heat
to melt colored wax on heatsensitive paper
Dye-sublimation printer,
a.k.a. thermal dye transfer
printer, uses heat to transfer
color dye to specially coated
paper.
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
Printers Continued…
• Photo Printer
– Color printer that can produce graphical images on
mediums
• Label and Postage Printer:
– Small printer that contains an adhesive material
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
Printers Continued…
• Portable Printers
– Small, lightweight printer that allows mobile
users to print from a handheld or notebook
while traveling
• Plotters and Large-Format Printers
– Sophisticated printers that produce high
quality drawings
• Large-format printer creates realistic quality
prints
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
Speakers and Headsets:
• Audio Output Devices that
produce sound
– Two common uses are:
• Speakers:
– Generate sound
 Woofer, a.k.a. subwoofer,
boosts low sounds
• Headsets:
– Allows the individual to hear the
generated sound
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
Other Output Devices:
• Data Projectors:
– Device that takes the image from a computer
screen and projects it to a larger screen
• LCD Projectors use liquid crystal technology and
uses a light source to display the information on a
computer screen
• Digital light processing (DLP) Projector use
tiny mirrors to reflect light
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
Other Output Devices
Continued…
• Facsimile (fax) machine:
– A device that transmits and receives
documents over telephone lines
• Fax modem is a modem that also
allows an individual to send and
receive electronic documents as faxes
• Multifunction Devices (MFD):
– A single piece of equipment that looks
like a copy machine but is also a
printer
• Multifunctional Peripherals
(MFPs), a.k.a. all-in-one devices,
vary widely in function
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
Terminal:
• Definition:
– A device that performs both input and output because
it consists of a monitor, keyboard and video card,
which is also called a graphics card because it
converts digital output from the computer into an
analog video signal
• There are three categories of terminals:
– Dumb terminals
– Intelligent terminals
– Special-purpose terminals
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
Terminals Continued…
• Dumb terminal:
– No processing power; thus, not an independent device
• Intelligent terminal a.k.a. programmable:
– This contains both memory and a processor in addition to
the monitor and keyboard
– Can perform some functions independent of the host
computer
• Special-purpose terminal:
– Perform specific tasks and contain features for a particular
industry
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
Terminals Continued…
• Special-purpose terminal:
– Point-of-sale (POS) terminal records
purchases
– Automated teller machine (ATM) is a selfserving banking machine that connects to a
host computer through a network
• Personal Identification (PIN) allows an individual to
access of his or her savings account.
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
Output Devices for Physically
Challenged Users
• Size of color of the text can be changed for the
•
•
challenged
The blind can utilize the voice output
Braille Printer
– Outputs information in Braille
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
Conclusion:
• Data, unprocessed facts, is organized into
information that can be broken down into
input and output.
– The data can be further broken down into
more specific parts ranging from projectors to
multifunctional devices and so on.
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat
THE END
* Information was gathered from Discovering Computers 2003 by Shelly Cashman Vermaat