Download CHAPTER 23 REVIEW GUIDE

CHAPTER 23 REVIEW GUIDE
NAME
KEY
PERIOD
Define the following terms relating to section 23-1 (on the heart):
Arteries – blood vessels carrying blood away from the heart
Veins – blood vessels carrying blood towards the heart
Capillaries – tiny blood vessels connecting the arteries and the veins
1. What is the pericardium? Think about your heart dissection.
It’s the thin membrane on the
outside of the heart
2. What makes the pulmonary vein different from the other veins in your body? It’s the only vein with
oxygen rich blood
3. What side of the heart will you find the red blood and the blue blood? Left side – red blood,
right side – blue blood
4. Not all arteries carry oxygen rich blood away from your heart. Explain this.
The pulmonary artery
carries oxygen poor blood away from your heart to your lungs.
5. Where is the pulmonary valve located – meaning what two parts of your heart is it between? It’s
found between the pulmonary artery and the right ventricle
6. What two chambers is the mitral valve in between? How about the tricuspid valve?
Mitral - left atrium and left ventricle
Tricuspid – right atrium and right ventricle
7. Why are the “superior” vena cava and the “inferior” vena cava given their names?
Superior
means above and sends blood to the heart from the upper part of the body. Inferior means
below and sends blood from the lower part of the body
Use the words below to describe the flow of blood through your heart as it’s coming back from your
brain.
Aorta, lungs, rest of the body, right ventricle, left ventricle, right atrium, left atrium,
superior and inferior vena cava, pulmonary veins, pulmonary artery
8.
superior and inferior vena cava
13.
pulmonary veins
9.
right atrium
14.
left atrium
10.
right ventricle
15.
left ventricle
11.
pulmonary artery
16.
aorta
12.
lungs
17.
rest of the body
18-29. Label the parts on the heart diagrams below.
1. superior vena cava
1. superior vena cava
2. right atrium
2. aorta
3. tricuspid valve
3. pulmonary artery
4. pulmonary valve
4. left auricle
5. skip
5. right auricle
6. aorta
6. right ventricle
7. pulmonary artery
7. left ventricle
8. left atrium
8. skip
9. mitral valve
9. skip
10. septum
10.apex or coro. artery
List of things to know for test:
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Hemoglobin
Atherosclerosis
septum
diagram of heart to label
4 parts of blood with functions and facts about them, why more RBC’s then WBC’s??
where heart is high in oxygen and high in carbon dioxide (colors)
where valves are located
safe transfusion scenarios
surface and anti-clumping proteins (antigens and antibodies)
Information from missing piece of cake lab
Information from your heart dissection
lymph, lymph nodes and lymphatic system
Stuff from Mr. Hjelle’s presentation (Extra Credit!! If you weren’t here, you won’t be able to receive extra credit this
way!)
Can you complete your pre-test from beginning of unit?
Define the following terms relating to section 23-3 (on blood):
Plasma – the liquid part of blood, mostly water, has dissolved nutrients in it
Hemoglobin – a chemical in RBC that carries oxygen and carbon dioxide
Antigens – a chemical identification tag on red blood cells
Antibodies – proteins in the blood plasma that destroy foreign substances
What are 4 functions of blood (1 for each blood part)?
30.
transport oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the body’s cells
31.
help to clot blood when there are wounds
32.
transport nutrients from the digestive system to the body’s cells
33.
help fight infection and heal wounds
34. Explain why there is both red and blue blood in your body?
Blue blood is blood without oxygen
and red blood is blood with oxygen. The blood on the rt. Side of the heart or in most of your
veins has not been oxygenated. It is in these blood vessels before going to the lungs.
35. If you get sick, what is your blood’s reaction?
Your white blood cell count increases
36. What is the function of red blood cells? The function is to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide to
and from the body’s cells
37. How long do red blood cells live?
RBC live about 120 days
38. What is the function of white blood cells?
The function of WBC is to help fight infection
39. How does the # of white blood compare to the # of red blood cells?
There are fewer of them
40. How long do white blood cells live? (Use your book for this one)
a few days to many months
41. In general, what is the job of the heart’s atria?
from the body.
The job of the heart’s atria is to receive blood
42. What is the function of platelets? The function is to help clot blood when you are wounded.
43. How long do platelets live?
5-9 days
44. If you are in a terrible accident where you find yourself in need of a blood transfusion, what blood
type would you rather be and why? Talk about antibodies in your answer.
You would want to be
Type AB. Type AB is the universal receiver. This blood type doesn’t have any antibodies to
react with the antigens from other blood types
45. Type O blood can not receive blood from type AB. Why? (You need to have the words antigens and
antibodies in your answer.
Type O has both Anti-A antibodies and Anti-B antibodies. This
would react with both of Type AB’s antigens. Type AB has an A antigen and a B antigen.
46. Describe what would happen to the blood in a blood transfusion if two blood types were NOT
compatible.
The blood would clot.
47. Which blood type is the “universal donor” and what does that mean? Use antigens and antibodies in
your answer.
Type O is the universal donor. It can give to any blood type because it doesn’t
have any antigens to react with other blood type’s antibodies.
48. Which blood type is the “universal receiver” and what does that mean? Use antigens and antibodies
in your answer.
Type AB is the universal receiver. It doesn’t have any antibodies to react with
other blood types antigens.
49. What are the four different blood types?
A, B, AB, and O
50. What type of blood can type B receive?
Type B and Type O
51. What does type B blood have antibodies against?
52. The left and right
atria
Type B has an anti-A antibody
are the two upper chambers of the heart.
53. The blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are
54. Red blood cells contain
hemoglobin
arteries
.
, a chemical that carries oxygen and carbon dioxide.
55. What prevents the backflow of blood in your heart?
valves
56. Who is Karl Landsteiner?
Discovered the ABO system of blood typing
57. Where are antibodies found?
Plasma
58. Where are antigens found?
Red blood cells