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AP Psychology
Prologue and Chapter 1& 2: Research Methods
Structuralism
Comparison Chart
Functionalism
Introspection
Nature
Nurture
Psychologist
Psychiatrist
Basic Research
Applied Research
Descriptive Research
Correlational Research
Case Study
Naturalistic Observation
Reliability
Validity
Correlation
Causation (Experiment)
Single Blind Procedure
Double Blind Procedure
Experimental Group
Control Group (Placebo Effect)
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
Mean
Median
Mode
Theory
Hypothesis
Experimental Group
Control Group
Trephining
Phrenology
Confounding Variable
Operational Definition
Informed Consent
Debriefing
Placebo effect
Hawthorn effect
Signal Detection Theory (False +/-)
Selective Attention
Representative sample
7 Perspectives of Psychology
Random sample
Random assignment
Chapter 3: Neuroscience and Behavior
Agonist
Antagonist
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
Autonomic N.S.
Somatic N.S.
Parasympathetic N.S.
Sympathetic N.S.
Sensory Neurons (afferent)
Motor Neurons (efferent)
Interneurons
Pituitary Gland
Adrenal Glands
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Motor Cortex
Sensory Cortex
Neurotransmitter
Hormone
Hippocampus
Cerebellum
Broca’s area (Paul Broca)
Wernicke’s area (Carl Wernicke)
Left Hemisphere
Right Hemisphere
EEG
CAT
PET
MRI
Nature vs. Nurture
Genes
Genomes
Identical twins
Fraternal twins
Mutation
Natural Selection
Heritability
Interactions
Peer Influence
Parent Influence
Individualism
Collectivism
Gender role
Gender identity
Social learning theory
Gender schema theory
Chapter 4: Sensation
Sensation
Perception
Bottom-up processing
Top-down processing
Absolute threshold
Difference threshold (jnd)
fMRI
Subliminal
Priming
Hue (vision)
Intensity (vision)
Amplitude (hearing)
Wavelength (hearing)
Nearsightedness
Farsightedness
Ganglion Cells
Bipolar Cells
Rods
Cones
Parallel Processing
Serial Processing
Young Helmholtz (3 color) theory
Opponent-Process Theory
Additive Color Mixing
Subtractive Color Mixing
Place theory
Frequency theory
Conduction Hearing Loss
Sensorineural Hearing Loss (Nerve deafness)
Cocktail party effect
Selective attention
Kinesthetic sense
Vestibular sense
Sensory adaptation
Feature detectors
Sensory habituation
Sensory interaction
Association areas
Chapter 4: Perception
Inattentional blindness
Choice blindness
Changed blindness
Retinal disparity
Convergence
Perceptual adaptation
Perceptual set
Shape Constancy
Size Constancy
Brightness Constancy
Binocular Cues
Monocular Cues
Stroboscopic effect
Phi Phenomenon
Chapter 5: Consciousness
suprachiasmatic nucleus
Stage 1 (nonREM)
Stage 2 (nonREM)
Melatonin
Stage 3 (nonREM)
Stage 4 (nonREM)
REM
Theta Waves
Alpha Waves
Posthypnotic Amnesia
Beta Waves
Delta Waves
Hypnotic Suggestibility
Posthypnotic Suggestion
Insomnia
Sleep Apnea
Manifest content
Latent content
Hypnosis
Dissociation (Ernest Hilgard)
Physical dependence
Psychological dependence
Information Processing (Dreams)
Activation Synthesis theory (Dreams)
Depressants
Stimulants
Monist (monism)
Conscious
Hallucinogens
Dualist (dualism)
Nonconscious
Preconscious
Subconscious
Unconscious
Chapter 6: Learning
Classical Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
Aversive Conditioning
Insight Learning
Latent Learning
Unconditioned Stimulus
Conditioned Stimulus
Unconditioned Response
Conditioned Response
Generalization
Discrimination
Respondent behavior
Operant behavior
Positive Reinforcement
Negative Reinforcement
Positive Punishment
Negative Punishment
Primary Reinforcers
Conditioned Reinforcers (Secondary)
Continuous Reinforcement
Partial Reinforcement
Fixed-ratio schedules
Variable-ratio schedules
Fixed-interval schedules
Variable-interval schedules
Intrinsic motivation
Extrinsic motivation
Prosocial behavior
Antisocial behavior
Shaping
Chaining
Delayed Conditioning
Acquisition
Trace
Simultaneous
Extinction
Primary Reinforcers
Backward
Spontaneous Recovery
Secondary Reinforcers
Chapter 7A: Memory
Encoding
Storage
Retrieval
Sensory memory
Short-term memory
Long-term memory
Atkinson-Shiffrin 3-stage processing model of memory
Effortful Processing
Automatic Processing
Spacing Effect
Serial Position Effect
Iconic Memory
Echoic Memory
Implicit Memories (Procedural)
Explicit Memories (Declarative)
Recall
Recognition
Retrieval Cues
Context Cues
State-dependent Memory
Mood-congruent Memory
Encoding Failure
Retrieval Failure
Proactive Interference
Retroactive Interference
Misinformation effect
Source Amnesia (source misattribution)
Visual Encoding
Acoustic Encoding
Semantic Encoding
Episodic memory
Semantic memory
Recency effect
Primacy effect
Anterograde amnesia
Retrograde amnesia
SHEE PICC
Chapter 7B: Thinking and Language
Concept
Prototype
Algorithm
Heuristics
Mental set (rigidity)
Functional fixedness
Representative Heuristics
Availability Heuristics
Phonemes
Morpheme
Skinner’s development of language
Chomsky’s language acquisition device
Grammar
Syntax
Semantics
Belief Bias
Belief Perseverance
Confirmation Bias
Convergent Thinking
Divergent Thinking
Chapter 8: MESH
Drive Reduction Theory
Optimum Arousal Theory (Yerkes-Dodson)
Lateral Hypothalamus
Ventromedial Hypothalamus
Intrinsic Motivation
Extrinsic Motivation
Management Theory X
Management Theory Y
Instinct
Drive
James-Lange
Cannon-Bard
2 Factor
Approach-approach
Avoidance-Avoidance
Approach-Avoidance
Chapter 9: Development
Nature
Nurture
Continuity
Stages
Stability
Change
Zygote
Assimilation
Embryo
Fetus
Accommodation
Authoritative
Authoritarian
Preconventional
Conventional
Permissive
Uninvolved
Postconventional
Cross-sectional study
Longitudinal study
Harry Harlow’s attachment research
Mary Ainsworth’s strange situation
PIAGET
ERIKSON
Chapter 10: Personality
Carl Jung
Karen Horney
Alfred Adler
Id
Ego
Superego
Denial
Rationalization
Regression
Displacement
Repression
Projection
Intellectualization
Sublimation
Reaction Formation
Psychoanalysis
Psychodynamic
Thematic Apperception Test (Projective)
Rorschach inkblot test (Projective)
MMPI
Self-report inventories
Internal Locus of Control
External Locus of Control (Learned helplessness)
Optimism
Pessimism
BIG FIVE
Chapter 11: Intelligence
Social Intelligence
Emotional Intelligence (Daniel Goleman)
Intrapersonal Intelligence
Interpersonal Intelligence
Aptitude test
Achievement test
Reliability (Test-retest, split-half)
Validity
Content Validity
Predictive Validity (criterion)
Fluid Intelligence
Crystalized Intelligence
Stanford-Binet IQ
Weschler
Charles Spearman
Robert Sternberg
Alfred Binet
Louis Terman
Chapter 12: Abnormal
Medical Model
Biopsychosocial Model
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Panic Disorder
Learning Perspective (Anxiety disorders)
Biological Perspective (Anxiety disorders)
Major Depressive Disorder
Bipolar Disorder
Hallucinations
Delusions
Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia
Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia
Dissociative Identity Disorder
DSM
DSM limitations
Chapter 13: Therapy
Exposure Therapy (systematic desensitization)
Aversive Conditioning
Family Therapy
Group Therapy
Humanistic
Psychoanalysis
Systematic desensitization
Counterconditioning
Psychotherapy
Chemotherapy
Clinical Psychologist
Counseling Psychologist
Psychiatrist
Chapter 18: Social
Dispositional attribution
Situational attribution
Foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Door-in-the-face phenomenon
Normative social influence
Informative social influence
Social Facilitation
Social Loafing
Group Polarization
Groupthink
Prejudice
Stereotype
Discrimination
Ingroup
Outgroup
Passionate love
Companionate love
Equity
Self-disclosure
Reciprocity norm
Social-responsibility norm
Stereotype
Discriminate
Conformity
Obedience
Bystander effect
Deindividuation
Central Route to Persuasion
Peripheral Route to Persuasion