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Supplemental Online Table 1. List of plasma metabolites and biologic pathways which were assayed by mass-spectrometry-based metabolomics in hospitalized subjects on enteral and parenteral nutrition, and healthy volunteers. Compound (Metabolite) Metabolic Pathway Acetoacetate Ketone Acetylcarnitine Fatty acid Oxidation Acetylcholine Lipids/phospholipids, ligand Aconitate TCA Cycle Adenine Nucleotide/Purine metabolism Adenosine Nucleotide/Purine metabolism Adenosine 3 phosphate (ATP) Nucleotide Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) Nucleotide/Purine metabolism Adenosine monophosphate (AMP) Nucleotide Adenylosuccinate Nucleotide/Purine metabolism Adipic Acid Caprolactam degradation Agmatine Polyamine metabolism Alanine (Ala) Amino Acid Allantoin Nucleotide Degredation Allopurinol Nucleotide metabolism (Drug) Alpha-Ketoglutaric Acid TCA Cycle Aminoisobutyrate Amino acids metabolism/Val, Leu, iso-Leu Aminolevulinate Amino acids metabolism/Gly, Thr,Ser 2-Aminoadipate Amino acids metabolism/Lys 5-Aminovalerate Amino Acid Anthranilate Amino Acid metabolism/Trp, Phe, Tyr Arachidonate Lipids/phospholipids, ligand Arginine Amino Acid Ascorbate Vitamins Ascorbic Acid (Vit. C) Vitamin, Cofactor Asparagine (Asp) Amino Acid Aspartic Acid Amino Acids Azelaic Acid Fatty Acids and Conjugates Benzoic acid Amino Acid (Phenylalanine Metabolism, others) Betaine Amino acids metabolism/Gly,Ser, Thr metabolism Biotin Vitamins Cadaverine Amino Acid Carnitine Amino acids metabolism/Lys Chenodeoxycholate Bile acid metabolism Choline Vitamins Citraconic Acid Amino Acid metabolism/Val, Leu, IL Citric Acid TCA Cycle Citrulline Urea Cycle Creatine Amino acids metabolism/Arg, Gly Creatinine Cystamine (Cys) Cystathionine Cysteine Cystine Cytidine Cytidine 5 monophosphate (CMP) Cytosine (Cyt) Deoxycarnitine 2-Deoxycytidine Diphosphate (DCDP) Deoxycytidylic acid (DCMP) 2-Deoxyuridine Deoxyuridine 3 phosphate (DUTP) Deoxyuridylic acid (DUMP) D-Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (D-GA3P) Dihydroxy acetone phosphate (DHAP) Dimethylglycine Dopamine D-Leucic Acid D-Thymidine monophosphate (DTMP) Epinephrine Erythrose Folic Acid Fructose Fructose 1 phosphate (F1P) Fructose 1,6 bi-phosphate (F16BP) Fructose 2,6 bi-phosphate (F26BP) Fructose 6 phosphate (F6P) Fumaric Acid Galactose gama-Aminobutyrate Geranyl Pyrophosphate Gibberellin Glucoronate Glucosamine Glucose Glucose 1,6 biphosphate (G16BP) Glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) Glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) Glutamic acid (Glu A) Glutamine (Glu) Glutaric Acid Glyceraldehyde Amino acids metabolism/Arg, Gly Amino acids metabolism/Cys Amino acids metabolism/cys Amino Acid Amino acids metabolism Nucleotide/Pyrimidine metabolism Nucleotide/Pyrimidine metabolism Nucleotide Lipids/phospholipids, ligand Nucleotide/Pyrimidine metabolism Nucleotide/pyrimidine Nucleotide/Pyrimidine metabolism Nucleotide/pyrimidine Nucleotide/pyrimidine Glycolysis/Glycogenesis Glycolysis/phospholipid Vitamins Adrenaline Metabolism Amino Acid metabolism/Leu Nucleic Acid Amino Acid metabolism/Tyr,ligand Sugar One carbon pool by folate Sugar Glycolosis Glycolysis Glycolosis Glycolosis TCA Cycle Sugars Amino Acid metabolism/Ala, Glu, Asp Ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis Diterpenoid biosynthesis Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism Glycolysis/sugar Glycolysis/Glycogenesis Glycolysis Glycolosis/PPP Amino Acid Amino Acid Amino Acids/lys, trp, fatty acids Sugar Glycerate Glycerol-3-P Glycine (Gly) Glycochenodeoxycholate Glycocholate Guanidinoacetate Guanosine Guanosine 3,5 cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) Guanosine 5 diphosphate (GDP) Guanosine 5 triphosphate (GTP) Guanosine-5'-monophosphate (GMP) 12-HETE 13-HODE Hippuric Acid Hippuric Acid Histamine Histidine (His) Homocysteine Homogentisate Homoserine Homovanillate 2-Hydroxyglutarate 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid (3HBA ) 4-Hydroxybutyric Acid (4HBA) 3-Hydroxyisovaleric Acid 3-Hydroxykynurenine Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Hydroxyproline 5-Hydroxytryptophan 8-Hydroxyguanosine Hypoxanthine Inosine Inosine monophosphate (IMP) Inositol isoButyric Acid (2-methylpropanoic acid) iso-Leucine (iso-Leu) isoValeric Acid Kynurenate lactate Lactose Leucine (Leu) Amino Acid metabolism/Gly, Ser Lipids/Glycerollipid Amino Acid Bile acid metabolism Bile acid metabolism Amino Acid metabolism/Gly, Ser,Thr Nucleotide/Purine metabolism Nucleotide/Purine metabolism Nucleotide/Purine metabolism Nucleotide/Purine metabolism Nucleotide/Purine metabolism Lipids/phospholipids, ligand Lipids/phospholipids, ligand Amino Acid (Phenylalanine Metabolism Gut flora metabolism Nucleotide Amino Acid Amino acids metabolism/Cys, Met Amino Acid metabolism/Tyr Amino acids metabolism/Thr, Met, Asp Amino acids metabolism/Tyr,ligand Amino-acid metabolism & Glycine/Serine/Threonine metabolism TCA Cycle Lipids/phospholipids, ligand Amino Acid Tryptophan Cycle Amino acids metabolites/phe, tyr Amino acids metabolism/Pro Tryptophan Cycle Nucleotide/Purine metabolism Nucleotide Nucleotide/Purine metabolism Nucleotide/Purine metabolism Glucose/inositol metabolism Fatty acid metabolism Amino Acid Amino Acid Amino Acid metabolism/Try Glycolysis/TCA Sugar/Galactose Amino Acid Linoleic Acid Linolenic Acid L-Kynurenine Lysine (Lys) Malate Maleic Acid Malonic Acid Mannose Margaric Acid Melatonin Methionine (Met) 1-Methyladenosine 1-Methylguanosine 1-Methylhistamine 1/3-Methylhistidine Methyl-OH-isobyturate 3-Methyl-2-Oxovaleric Acid Methylmalonate MethylSuccinate Mevalonate Myristic Acid N-Carbamoyl-B-Alanine N2,N2-Dimethylguanosine N-AcetylGlycine N-acetylneuraminate N-acetylputrescine Niacinamide Nicotinate (Niacin) 3-Nitro-tyrosine Normetanephrin OH-Phenylpyruvate (4Hydroxyphenylpyruvate) Ornithine Orotate Orotidylic acid (OMP) Oxalic Acid Oxaloacetate Oxidized glutathione 8-Oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine Oxypurinol Pantothenate PGE Phenylalanine Fatty acid metabolism Fatty acid metabolism Tryptophan Cycle Amino Acid TCA Cycle TCA Cycle TCA Cycle Sugar/Galactose Metabolism Fatty acid metabolism Neuroactive ligand Amino Acid Nucleotide/Purine metabolism Nucleotide/Purine metabolism Amino acids metabolism/His Amino Acid (Histidine Metabolism) Fatty acid metabolism Amino Acid Vitamins Amino Acid metabolism/Isoleu Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis Fatty acid metabolism Urea cycle Nucleotide/Purine metabolism Amino Acid metabolism Sugars Polyamine metabolism Vitamins Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism Oxidative Damage Amino Acid metabolism/Tyr,ligand Amino Acid / Tyrosine metabolism Urea cycle Nucleotide/Pyrimidine metabolism Nucleotide/Pyrimidine metabolism Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism TCA Cycle Oxidative Damage Nucleotide/Purine metabolism Nucleotide metabolism Amino acids metabolism/alanine, CoA Lipids/Arachidonic acid metabolism Amino Acid Phenylpyruvic acid (PPA) Phosphoenolpyruvic Acid (PEP) Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) Phosphotyrosine 2-Phosphoglyceric Acid 3-Phosphoglyceric Acid Pipecolate Proline (Pro) Propionate Putrescine Pyridoxal-5-P 4-Pyridoxic acid Pyroglutamic Acid Pyruvate Quinolinate Reduced glutathione Ribose-5-P Salicylurate Sarcosine Serine (Ser) Shikimic Acid Sorbitol Spermidine Spermine Succinate Sucrose Taurine (Tau) Taurocholate Threonine (Thr) Thymidine 5 phosphate (DTMP) Trimethylamine (TMA) Trimethylamine-N-oxide Tryptamine Tryptophan (Try) Tyramine Tyrosine (Tyr) Uracil Urate Uridine Uridine diphosphate (UDP) Valine (Val) Xanthine Xanthosine Amino acids metabolism/Phe Glycolosis Nucleotide/Purine metabolism Amino acids metabolism Glycolosis Glycolosis Amino Acid Amino Acid Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism Polyamine metabolism Vitamins/B6 Vitamins/B6 Amino acids/Glu Glycolysis/amino acids metabolism Amino Acid/ Tryptophan, bela alanine metabolism Oxidative Damage Pentose phosphate pathway Amino Acid metabolism/Gly Amino Acid Amino Acid Amino Acid metabolism/Phe, Tyr,Trp Sugar Polyamine metabolism Polyamine metabolism TCA Cycle Sugar Amino acids metabolism/Sulfur metabolism Conjugated bile acid biosynthesis Amino Acid Nucleotide/pyrimidine Gut flora metabolism / Redox Gut flora metabolism / Redox Amino Acid Tryptophan Cycle Amino Acid Amino Acid Nucleotide/Pyrimidine metabolism Nucleotide/Purine metabolism Nucleotide/Pyrimidine metabolism Nucleotide/Pyrimidine metabolism Amino Acid Nucleotide Nucleotide/Purine metabolism Xanthurenate Cysteinyl-Glycine (Cys-Gly) Glycerol Malondialdehyde Amino acids metabolism Amino acids degradation Fatty acid metabolism Oxidative Damage