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Name_____________________ Date_______________ Period_______________ Chapter 16 Section 1 Pgs. 422 to 429 I. Water in the ____________ a. Weather: The _____________ of the atmosphere at a ______________ time and ______________. 2. Water ___________ a. Water Cycle: the continuous ___________ of water _______ water sources, such as ________ & _______, into the _________, onto and over ________, into the ___________, and back to the water______________. 3. Humidity a. Humidity: the amount of water ______ or ____________ in the air. b. As water evaporates the _________ of the air ___________. c. Air’s ability to hold _________ __________ depends on air ___________. d. Relative _______________: the amount of ____________ the air contains compared with the maximum amount it can hold at a ____________ _______________. e. Water ___________ Versus _____________ f. If temperature stays the __________, Relative Humidity changes as water ____________ enters or ___________ air. g. Relative __________ is also affected by changes in ____________ h. Measuring ____________ Humidity i. A ____________________ is an instrument used to _______________ relative _____________. 4. The _______________ of Condensation a. Condensation: the Process by which a gas, _______ Vapor, becomes a ____________. b. Dew________: the _________________ to which air must _____ to be _________________ Saturated. c. An example you may already be familiar with is _____________ vapor __________ on grass, forming _________ water droplets called ____________ 5. Clouds a. A _____________ of millions of tiny ___________ Droplets or ice ___________. b. Cumulus Clouds: ______________ white clouds that tend to have ________ bottoms. c. Stratus Clouds: ____________ that form in Layers. d. Cirrus Clouds: Thin, __________ white clouds found in High_____________. e. Figure 8 1. _________ Clouds 2. Middle______________ 3. __________ Clouds 1 Name_____________________ Date_______________ Period_______________ 6. Precipitation: Is ____________, in solid or liquid form, that _________ from the air to the ______________ a. Rain, the most ___________ form of ___________ b. Snow, the most __________ form of _____________ Percipitation c. Sleet, called ________ Rain, forms when rain __________ through a layer of freezing air. d. Hail ____________ precipitation that falls as _______ or ________ of ice e. A Rain Gauge is an ___________ used to measure the amount of __________ f. Snow is measured by both ____________ and ________ content. 2 Name_____________________ Date_______________ Period_______________ II. Air Masses and Fronts Ch. 16 Sec. 2 Pgs. 430 - 433 a. Air Mass: a ______________ body of air that has similar ___________ and ______________ throughout. 2. Air Masses a. Figure 14 1. Maritime: forms over ________; _______ 2. Continental forms over ________; ______ 3. Polar forms over _________ regions; ________ 4. Tropical forms over the _________; _________ b. ___________ Air Masses c. Warm__________ Masses 3. Fronts a. Where two __________ air masses meet, a ____________ forms between them. b. Cold Fronts 1. a ________ air mass meets and __________ a warm air mass. 2. Moves __________ 3. produces __________ 4. cooler ________ c. Warm Fronts 1. a ___________ air mass meets and __________ a cold air mass. 2. Brings _________ precipitation 3. weather conditions are ________ and ___________ d. Occluded Front 1. a _________ - moving cold air mass ____________ a slower -______________ warm air mass. 2. has cool _______________ 3. Large amounts of _________________ e. Stationary Front 1. a ________ air mass meets a __________ air mass 2. Weather associated is ___________ to that produced by a ________ Front. 3 Name_____________________ Date_______________ Period_______________ III. Severe Weather Ch. 16 Sec. 3 pgs. 434 - 439 1. Thunderstorms a. Are ___________, intense weather _________ that produce ___________ winds, heavy __________, Lightning, and _____________. b. Lightning 1. a large _________________ discharge that _________ between two oppositely __________ surfaces. 2. When lightning strikes, ______ is released 3. Thunder: the sound that __________ from the rapid __________ of air along the _______________ strike. c. Severe Thunderstorms 1. Produce one or more of the following: _____ winds, _______, flash ____________, and _______________. d. Tornadoes 1. A Small, ______________ column of air that has ________ wind speeds and _________ central Pressure and _________ the ground. 2. Figure 20 a. Wind __________ in two different __________ causes a layer of _________ in the _________ to begin to ____________. b. The rotating __________ of air is ____________ to a vertical position by ____________ updrafts of air. c. The rotating __________ of air works its way __________ to the bottom of the ____________ d. The _____________ cloud is called a _____________ when it touches the ____________. e. Hurricanes 1. A _________, rotating __________ weather system with wind speeds of at least __________ km/h. 2. Hurrricanes are the most _____________ storms on Earth 3. Figure 24 a. Eye Wall: a group of clouds that produce _________ rains and __________ winds b. Eye: a core of ____ relatively calm air with ______ pressure c. Rain Bands: Circle the _________ of the Hurricane. 4 Name_____________________ Date_______________ Period_______________ IV. Forecasting the Weather Ch. 16 Sec. 4 pgs 440-443 a. Weather Forecast: a _______________ of weather conditions over the next _______ to __________ days. 2. Weather Forecasting Technology a. Measuring _____ Temperature 1. Thermometer: a ___________ used to measure _______ temperature. 2. Air temperature is measured in both degrees __________ and degrees _____________ b. Measuring _________ Pressure 1. Barometer: an ____________ used to measure air ____________ 2. The ____________ the air pressure, the __________ the mercury will ____________. c. Measuring Wind Direction 1. windsock: a _________- shaped cloth bag ______ at both ends 2. Wind Vane: shaped like an _______ with a large tail and is _____________ to a pole. d. Measuring __________ Speed 1. Anemometer: Consists of _________ or ___________ cups connected by spokes to a pole. e. Measuring Weather in the Upper Atmosphere 1. Radar: finds the ___________, Movement and ________ of precipitation. 2. Weather Satellites: orbiting the ___________ provide the images of clouds. 3. Satellites can measure _________ speed, ____________, and the temperature at various ______________. 3. Weather Maps a. Station Models: a small ___________ which shows the ___________ of the weather station, with a set of ______ and _______ surrounding it, which represent the _________ data. b. Isobars: lines that ____________ points of equal _____ pressure. 5