Download 25-27FEB_-Acne_Fullerene_Usmanghani Khan sb

Nanoparticles and
Herbal Medicine:
Fullerene and
Phytocreams in
the Treatment of
Acne vulgaris
Khan Usmanghani, Zeeshan Ahmed
Sheikh, Kamran Alam, Majid Feroz,
Naureen Lalani, Rabia Bashir, Allah Nawaz
Herbion Pakistan (Pvt.) Limited
Karachi, Pakistan
Nanotechnology
• A nanometer is a billionth of a meter.
• Something only 1/80,000 the width of a human hair.
• Nanotechnology is the creation of useful materials, devices, and systems
through the manipulation of matter on this miniscule scale.
• The factors that govern larger systems do not necessarily apply at the
nanoscale. Because nanomaterials have large surface areas relative to their
volumes.
What is in it for us??
Most animal cells are 10,000 to 20,000 nanometers in diameter. This means that
nanoscale devices (less than 100 nanometers) can enter cells and the organelles
inside them hence can easily reach the target site and effectively deliver the drug .
Background and Naming:
In September 1985, Robert F. Curl, Jr., Richard E. Smalley, and Sir Harold W. Kroto
discovered fullerene C60 during laser spectroscopy experiments at Rice University.
Fullerenes were named after Richard Buckminster Fuller.
Hence Buckminster fullerene from Buckmister Fuller .
Shorter 'Fullerene‘ - refers to the family of fullerenes and suffix "ene" indicates
presence of "double bonds“.
What is Fullerene??
Types:
Buckyball Clusters
Linked Ball &
C Chain Dimer
Nanotubes
Megatubes
Different types of Fullerenes have vastly different properties because of
structural variations.
Types of Carbon nanotubes
Two main types of carbon
nanotubes:
Single-walled nanotubes
(SWNTs) consist of a single
graphite sheet seamlessly
wrapped into a cylindrical tube.
Multiwalled nanotubes
(MWNTs) comprise an array of
such nanotubes (more than one
wall) that are concentrically
nested with in.
What is Fullerene??
Most Efficient Radical Scavenger In Medical
World to Date !!
Endohedral Fullerenes :
• Other atoms can be trapped inside fullerenes to
form inclusion compounds known as Endohedral
Fullerenes.
Fullerene is also known as Super antioxidant because
of its strong antioxidant effect which is 172 times as
strong as Vitamin C.
Factors contributing to anti oxidant activity
• Cage Structure – unique spherical deformation imparts High Reactivity.
• Electron Acceptor – it can reversibly accept six electrons because its lowest
unoccupied molecular orbital is at a low energy level.
Electron Acceptor = Reducing agents = Antioxidants
Fullerene & Acne Vulgaris
Ideas, Inventions and Innovations is dedicated to all science,
patents, products and research innovations
Acne, also known as acne vulgaris, is
a common skin condition that occurs
when hair follicles become plugged
with oil and dead skin cells and
bacteria.
It is a disorder of pilosabaceous unit
and characterized by pimples (zits)
on the face, chest, and back.
Acne is the most common skin
disorder affecting 40 million to 50 in
developing countries.
http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/acne-vulgaris
Prevalence
Occurrence:
75 - 80% of teenagers and young adults.
Age of Onset:
Tends to occur in adolescence, when hormones are in a state of flux (prior to the onset of
puberty). It may also appear at some point between 11–30 years of age.
Gender:
Young men are more likely to suffer from more severe and longer lasting forms of acne. Young
women are more likely to suffer from intermittent acne caused by hormonal changes associated
with their menstrual cycles or from acne caused by cosmetics.
Microcomedone
Severity of Acne
Whitehead. It is filled with skin debris, bacteria, and oil
called sebum.
Light
Characterized by non
inflammatory lesions
(comedones). A few
inflammatory lesions
(papules and pustules)
may
be
present
(generally less than 10)
Moderate
Severe
More papules and
pustules (10–40) and
comedones (10–40)
present. The trunk may
be mildly affected.
Occasional nodules and
mild scarring may also
be present
Widespread
inflammatory lesions,
nodules and scarring
present.
Usually
involving the face,
chest and back.
Blackhead .It has black appearance and
is filled with skin debris, bacteria, and oil called
sebum.
Topical Treatment
Treatment
Therapeutic
category
Side Effects
Benzoyl
Peroxide
bactericidal, keratolytic, Erythema, dryness and itching
and anti-inflammatory
are usually mild and transient.
agent
Retinoic acid
and derivatives
Comedolytic and antiinflammatory
properties.
Skin irritation, photosensitivity,
initially may worsen acne.
Topical
Antibiotics
Bactericidal activity
Minor skin irritation depending
on
vehicle used.
Topical Azelaic
acid
Comedolytic,
antibacterial
and anti-inflammatory
properties.
Pruritus, burning, stinging and
tingling. Side effects are mild
and transient.
Examples
Therapeutic Objectives
Decrease sebaceous gland activity
To reduce counts of Propionibacterium acnes bacteria
Anti-inflammatory effects to calm red, inflamed skin by
inhibiting lipase production by P.acnes
Comedolytics to unplug blocked follicles.
Dermidoc
S.No.
Ingredients
Common Name
Item Code
Composition
Using Qty.
Issuing Qty.
01
Acacia catechu
Kattha Sufaid
1945
1.5 gm
02
Zinc Oxide
Safaida Kashghari
2039
3.0 gm
03
Cinnamomum camphora
Camphor
1832
0.5 gm
04
Apis Mellifera
Honey / Shahad
1912
0.5 gm
05
Melaleuca alternifolia
Tea tree Oil
2088
1.25 ml
3829
3.6 gm
EXCIPIENTS
01 Ethylene Glycol Monostearate
02
Liquid paraffin
1973
2.0 gm
03
Stearic acid
3828
1.5 gm
04
Cetostearyl alcohol
1836
1.175 gm
05
Methyl Paraben
1994
0.25 gm
06
Propyl Paraben
2031
0.05 gm
07
D.I. Water
1863
7.525 ml
08
Propylene glycol
2030
1.25 ml
09
Tween 80 (Polysorbate 80)
4058
0.9 ml
3.5 gm
Remarks
Prevalence
Occurrence:
75 - 80% of teenagers and young adults.
Age of Onset:
Tends to occur in adolescence, when hormones are in a state of flux (prior to the onset of
puberty). It may also appear at some point between 11–30 years of age.
Gender:
Young men are more likely to suffer from more severe and longer lasting forms of acne. Young
women are more likely to suffer from intermittent acne caused by hormonal changes associated
with their menstrual cycles or from acne caused by cosmetics.
Methodology
Method
Open trial for clinical efficacy of topical Anti-Acne in treating Acne.
Study population : 24 patients (Ages from 23 to 39 years, and the
mean age was 30.7 years (standard deviation, 5.3 years).
The number of facial papular and pustular lesions ranged from 3 to
22, corresponding to mild or moderate acne (1–20 lesions on half
of the face) as defined by the Acne Study Group in Japan.
Methodology
Number of drugs
Test drug
Control drug
Comparison Fullerene gel
Name of the Z
Dermidoc
Doxycyclin/
Topical Fullerene gel
Product
Clindamycin+benzoyl
peroxide gel
Total Patients
Duration of
Treatment
12
4 to 8 weeks
12
4 to 8 weeks
11
4 and 8 weeks.
Test and Control Drugs:
Treatment * Level of Improvement * Patient Sex Crosstabulation
Patient Sex
Male
Level of Improvement
Treatment
Treatment
Total
Not Improved
Test Drug
Count
% within Treatment
6
85.7%
1
14.3%
7
100.0%
Control Drug
Count
% within Treatment
7
87.5%
1
12.5%
8
100.0%
Count
% within Treatment
13
86.7%
2
13.3%
15
100.0%
Test Drug
Count
% within Treatment
4
80.0%
1
20.0%
5
100.0%
Control Drug
Count
% within Treatment
2
50.0%
2
50.0%
4
100.0%
Count
% within Treatment
6
66.7%
3
33.3%
9
100.0%
Total
Female
Improved
Total
Patients Characteristic
Frequency of these clinical manifestations is described in
following graph. The therapeutic evaluation was made on the
basis of the signs and symptoms of the patients.
Graph: Frequency of clinical manifestations
Patients Characteristic-Test and
Control drugs
Graph : Frequency of patients according to severity of Acne vulgaris
Results
The comparision is drawn with the published work on
effectiveness of fullerene gel in treating acne vulgaris.
Open trial using a Anti-Acne Cream Dermidoc twice a day; at 6
and 8 weeks.
Control Doxycyclin/ Clindamycin+benzoyl peroxide gel
Determine the efficacy of different formulation to contgrol acne
with skin care benefit.
Comparison of Acne Treatment Results
12
Q1
10
Min
Median
8
Overall severity of symptoms
Max
6
Q3
Baseline (T0)
After treatment (T1)
4
Median
IQR
Median
IQR
p value
07
4-10
2
1-4
0.001
2
0
T0
T1
Overall severity of symptoms in control group by Wilcoxon
Signed Rank Test
12
Q1
10
Min
8
Median
6
Max
4
Q3
Overall severity of symptoms
Baseline (T0)
After treatment (T1)
Median
IQR
Median
IQR
p value
06
4-9
2
1-3
0.001
2
0
T0
T1
Graph: Overall improvement in severity of symptoms in Test group by
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test
Conclusion
Effects of Anti-Acne Dermidoc cream on number of acne lesions and
on various skin related parameters were observed.
Clinical and experimental data suggest that fullerene can suppress
acne by inhibition of neutrophil infiltration and sebum production,
possibly through antioxidatve function.
In case of fullerene the p value was found p= 0.05, and the p value
of Dermidoc and allopathic drugs (Doxycyclin/clindamycin, benzoyl
peroxide gel) is p= 0.001.
As compared to control drug and fullerene, the Dermidoc has similar
efficacy but has skin care benefit.
Competitors
1 CEN-G Enhancing Ampoule and
CEN-G Enhancing Mask
2 C60 Fullerene Jelly Facial Mask
3 INSPHERE White Riser Essence
(Extract)
4 Z Recovery Intensive Repair Balm
5 Anti Aging Lotion with Vitamin C & Fullerene
References
http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/acne-vulgaris
http://www.uspharmacist.com/content/c/10277/?t=women's_health,otc_
medications
http://www.aafp.org/afp/2000/1015/p1823.html
http://filipinoeuro.webs.com/apps/forums/topics/show/2974479
http://www.honeygostudio.com/documents/Acnevulgaris.pdf
http://www.americanskin.org/resource/acne.php
http://dermatology.about.com/od/acne/ss/how_acne_forms_6.htm
Thanks